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41xx steel

Family of steel grades rich in molybdenum and chromium

Family of steel grades rich in molybdenum and chromium

41xx steel is a family of SAE steel grades, as specified by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). Alloying elements include chromium and molybdenum, and as a result these materials are often informally referred to as chromoly steel (common variant stylings include chrome-moly, cro-moly, CrMo, CRMO, CR-MOLY, and similar). They have an excellent strength to weight ratio and are considerably stronger and harder than standard 1020 steel, but are not easily welded, requiring thermal treatment both before and after welding to avoid cold cracking.

While these grades of steel do contain chromium, it is not in great enough quantities to provide the corrosion resistance found in stainless steel.

Examples of applications for 4130, 4140, and 4145 include structural tubing, bicycle frames, gas bottles for transportation of pressurized gases, firearm parts, clutch and flywheel components, and roll cages. 4150 stands out as being one of the steels accepted for use in M16 rifle and M4 carbine barrels by the United States military. These steels are also used in aircraft parts and therefore 41xx grade structural tubing is sometimes referred to as "aircraft tubing".

Properties

SAE gradeCrMoCMnP, max.S, max.Si
41180.40–0.600.08–0.150.18–0.230.70–0.900.0350.0400.15–0.35
41200.40–0.600.13–0.200.18–0.230.90–1.200.0350.0400.15–0.35
41210.45–0.650.20–0.300.18–0.230.75–1.000.0350.0400.15–0.35
41300.80–1.100.15–0.250.28–0.330.40–0.600.0350.0400.15–0.35
41350.80–1.100.15–0.250.33–0.380.70–0.900.0350.0400.15–0.35
41370.80–1.100.15–0.250.35–0.400.70–0.900.0350.0400.15–0.35
41400.80–1.100.15–0.250.38–0.430.75–1.000.0350.0400.15–0.35
41420.80–1.100.15–0.250.40–0.450.75–1.000.0350.0400.15–0.35
41450.80–1.100.15–0.250.43–0.480.75–1.000.0350.0400.15–0.35
41470.80–1.100.15–0.250.45–0.500.75–1.000.0350.0400.15–0.35
41500.80–1.100.15–0.250.48–0.530.75–1.000.0350.0400.15–0.35
41610.70–0.900.25–0.350.56–0.640.75–1.000.0350.0400.15–0.35
MaterialConditionTensile strengthYield strengthElongation at fracture,
2-inch gauge [%]Hardness,
Rockwell
4130Cold drawn, normalized85 -70 -20–30B 90–96
4142Hot rolled, annealed90 -60 -20–30B 90–95
Cold drawn, annealed105 -85 -15–25B 96–100
4150Hot rolled, annealed90 -65 -20–30B 90–96

Other characteristics

One of the characteristics of this class of steel is the ability to be case hardened by carburization of the surface. The core of the material retains its bulk properties, while the outer surface is significantly hardened to reduce wear and tear. This makes this grade of steel an excellent material for uses such as gears, piston pins, and crankshafts.

4140 Steel

4140 Steel (Quenched and Tempered) Mechanical Properties

Diameterd ≤ 161640100160Thicknesst ≤ 882060100
Tensile Strength1100 -1000 -900 -800 -750 -
Yield Strength (Min)900 MPa750 MPa650 MPa550 MPa500 MPa
Elongation (% Min)1011121314
Reduction (% Min)4045505055
Impact Strength (J) ≥-35 J35 J35 J35 J

References

References

  1. Metals, Online. "Online Metal Store {{!}} Small Quantity Metal Orders {{!}} Metal Cutting, Sales & Shipping {{!}} Buy Steel, Aluminum, Copper, Brass, Stainless {{!}} Metal Product Guides at OnlineMetals.com".
  2. "Central Steel & Wire Company Catalog".
  3. "Central Steel & Wire Company Catalog".
  4. "4140 Steel".
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