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30-pounder short gun
19th-century French naval gun
19th-century French naval gun
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | 30-pounder short gun |
| origin | France |
| type | naval gun |
| is_artillery | yes |
| is_UK | yes |
| service | 19th century |
| used_by | French Navy |
| wars | Invasion of Algiers, Battle of the Tagus, Battle of Veracruz |
| unit_cost | 1243.5 Francs |
| weight | 2487 kg |
| length | 291.9 cm |
| part_length | 235.0 cm |
| caliber | 164.7 mm |
The 30-pounder short gun was a piece of artillery mounted on French warships of the Age of sail. They were the middle-sized component of the unified system standardised on the 30-pounder calibre, replacing both the 24-pounders and 18-pounders in many usages.
Usage
The 30-pounder short gun was installed on the lower deck on frigates and on the middle deck of three-deckers, the main battery being armed with 30-pounder long guns and the upper deck, with 30-pounder carronades.
History
In the wake of the Napoleonic Wars, the Navy undertook a number of reforms, most notably a reform in the artillery system. In contrast with the 1788 system, where large warships armed their main batteries with large 36-pounder long guns and upper deck with smaller long guns using smaller shots, it was decided to standardise on the 30-pound calibre, and deploy a variety of guns of different weights, as not to overload the tops. The differences in weight were obtained by fielding a large 30-pounder long gun, a shorter 30-pounder with a thinner barrel, and a 30-pounder carronade.
This allowed a much simplified handling of ammunition, and significantly increased the broadsides of warships. A first-rank 60-gun frigate of the 1840s thus armed had a heavier broadside than a 74-gun ship of the line of the 1780s.
Sources and references
References
Bibliography
- {{cite book
References
- Aide-mémoire de l'artillerie navale, p. 14
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