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2S12 Sani

Soviet and Russian heavy mortar

Field	Value
name	2S12 "Sani"
image_size	300
image	2S12 Sani (heavy mortar system).jpg
caption	2S12 Sani
origin	Soviet Union / Russia
type	Heavy mortar
is_ranged	yes
is_artillery	yes
service	1981–present
wars	Soviet–Afghan War
First Chechen War
Second Chechen War
War in Donbas
manufacturer	Uraltransmash Works (Ekaterinburg, Russia)
Motovilikha Plants Corporation (Perm, Russia)
design_date	1981
number	2,000+ pieces
weight	190.5 kg without transport chassis
crew	4 gunners, 1 commander (plus 2 prime mover crew)
carriage	2F510 2×1 wheeled transport chassis, GAZ-66 [4×4](4x4) truck (prime mover)
cartridge	120 mm HE mortar bombs
cartridge_weight	16 kg (35 lb)
rate	12 rds per minute
range	Minimum: 0.5 km
Maximum: 7.1 km
sights	MPM-44M graduated sight
elevation	45°–80°
traverse	±5° from center

First Chechen War Second Chechen War War in Donbas Motovilikha Plants Corporation (Perm, Russia) Maximum: 7.1 km

The 2S12 "Sani" ("sleigh") (GRAU index 2S12) is a 120 mm heavy mortar system used by the Russian Army and other former Soviet states. First fielded in 1981, the 2S12 is a continued development on the towed mortars first used in World War II.

Design

2S12 and the GAZ transport truck as described, shown in a US Army manual.

2S12 is in fact the designator for the combination of the 2B11 "Sani" heavy mortar with its transport vehicle 2F510, a GAZ-66-15 4×4 truck. The 2B11 weighs nearly 200 kg (500 lb) when fully assembled, and thus must be mounted to the 2×1 wheeled chassis 2L81 and towed to the emplacement site by the truck. The GAZ-66 prime mover also transports the ammo load: 24 32 kg crates of 120mm HE mortar bombs, 2 bombs per crate, for a total of 48 available rounds.

Once on site, it is unloaded from the transport chassis and manually emplaced by the crew of 5. It is the largest caliber indirect artillery employed at the battalion level.

There is also an improved model, the 2B11M, that can fire the laser-guided round "Gran" with a range of 7,500 m. 2S12A and 2S12B improved models are in service now. 2S12A got a new "Ural" family transport vehicle with high power diesel engine and electric hoist for loading the mortar and a new base plate with a hinge that allows for pointing horizontally without turning the heavy support.

Operators

Current operators

: 61
: 14
: 6
: more than 1,700 , including 1,000 in store. Production was reportedly doubled in 2023. More ordered in August 2023.
: 214
: 19
: 48

Former operators

References

Sources

References

Campbell, David. (30 Nov 2017). "Soviet Paratrooper vs Mujahideen Fighter: Afghanistan 1979–89". [[Osprey Publishing]].
"120mm 2S12 Sani towed mortar".
link. (2016-12-22 ''. Warfare.RU, p. 488. Retrieved on June 7, 2009.)
Motovilikha Plants Corporation. "[http://www.artillery-mz.com/en/products/03/120 120-mm Trailed Mortar 2S12 'Sanyi'] {{Webarchive. link. (2009-05-25 ". June 6, 2009.)
"Masters of Artillery Fire contest to operate Sani modernised mortars".
"ABOUT COMPANY".
"В войска Центрального военного округа поступают модернизированные минометы".
"Модернизированные минометы поступили на вооружение 90-й танковой дивизии".
"В войска ЮВО поступили модернизированные минометы "Сани"".
"Артиллерийские подразделения морской пехоты Каспийской флотилии ЮВО получили модернизированные минометы "Сани"".
"ЦАМТО / Новости / Модернизированные минометы поступили на вооружение артиллерийского соединения ЮВО в Адыгее".
"Ростех передал в войска новую партию мобильных минометов".
Small Arms Survey. (2012). "Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets". [[Cambridge University Press]].
"ЦАМТО / / Ростех передал в войска новую партию «кочующих» минометов «Сани»".
"Russian Defense Ministry awards $4.15 bln worth contracts to defense industry companies".

Info: Wikipedia Source

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mortars-of-the-soviet-union infantry-mortars uraltransmash-products 120-mm-mortars military-equipment-introduced-in-the-1980s

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