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24,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol

(24R)-hydroxycalcifediol (24R)-hydroxycalcidiol

24,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol, also known as 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and (24R)-hydroxycalcidiol (abbreviated as 24(R),25-(OH)2D3), is a compound which is closely related to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, the active form of vitamin D3. Like vitamin D3 itself and calcifediol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), it is inactive as a hormone both in vitro and in vivo. It was first identified in 1972 in the laboratory of Hector DeLuca and Michael F. Holick.

Formation and significance

24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is formed from 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 by the action of CYP24A1 (25-hydroxyvitamin D3-24-hydroxylase). CYP24A1 appears to be "a multicatalytic enzyme catalyzing most, if not all, of the reactions in the C-24/C-23 pathway of 25-OH-D3 metabolism."

It has been proposed that 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a metabolite of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 which is destined for excretion.

It is not known whether the compound might also have some physiologically significant activity. Some evidence of a possible receptor has been obtained.

Because 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is considered an inactive metabolite and its significance is that its concentration is expected to decrease in case of mutations inactivating the vitamin D 24-hydroxylase gene.

Interactive pathway map

References

References

  1. (May 1982). "IUPAC-IUB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (JCBN): Nomenclature of vitamin D. Recommendations 1981". European Journal of Biochemistry.
  2. (May 1994). "Calcitriol attenuates the basal and vasoactive intestinal peptide-stimulated cAMP production in prolactin-secreting rat pituitary (GH4C1) cells". Mol Cell Endocrinol.
  3. (February 1993). "Bone turnover in rats treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 or 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3". Biosci Rep.
  4. (1972). "Isolation and identification of 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, a metabolite of vitamin D made in the kidney". Biochemistry.
  5. (June 1996). "Human 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-24-hydroxylase, a multicatalytic enzyme". Biochemistry.
  6. (April 1982). "Evidence for 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol receptors in long bones of newborn rats". Biochem J.
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