From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base
2012 Daytona 500
Auto race held at Daytona, United States in 2012
Auto race held at Daytona, United States in 2012
| Field | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| Type | NAS | |
| Details ref | ||
| Fulldate | –28, 2012 | |
| Year | 2012 | |
| Race_No | 1 | |
| Season_No | 36 | |
| Image | 2012 Daytona 500 logo.jpg | |
| image-alt | Logo for the 2012 Daytona 500. | |
| Location | Daytona International Speedway, Daytona Beach, Florida | |
| Course_mi | 2.5 | |
| Course_km | 4 | |
| Distance_laps | 202 | |
| Distance_mi | 505 | |
| Distance_km | 812.718 | |
| Scheduled_laps | 200 | |
| Weather | Warm with temperatures approaching 80.1 F; wind speeds up to 12 mph | |
| Avg | 140.256 mi/h | |
| Attendance | 140,000 | |
| Pole_Driver | Carl Edwards | |
| Pole_Team | Roush Fenway Racing | |
| Pole_Time | 46.216 | |
| Duel1 | Tony Stewart | |
| One_Team | Stewart–Haas Racing | |
| Duel2 | Matt Kenseth | |
| Two_Team | Roush Fenway Racing | |
| Most_Driver | Denny Hamlin | |
| Most_Team | Joe Gibbs Racing | |
| Most_laps | 57 | |
| Car | 17 | |
| First_Driver | Matt Kenseth | |
| First_Team | Roush Fenway Racing | |
| Network | Fox | |
| Announcers | Mike Joy, Darrell Waltrip, Larry McReynolds | |
| Ratings | {{Plainlist | |
| * (13.699 million)<ref name | tvratings}} |
|image-alt = Logo for the 2012 Daytona 500.
- 8.0/14 (Final)
- 7.7/13 (Overnight)
- (13.699 million)}}
The 2012 Daytona 500 was the first stock car race of the 2012 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season. The 54th iteration of the event, it was held between February 27 and 28, 2012 at Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, Florida, before a crowd of 140,000. Matt Kenseth driving for Roush Fenway Racing took the 202-lap race for his first win of the season and his second Daytona 500 victory. Dale Earnhardt Jr. finished second and Greg Biffle was third.
The race was scheduled for February 26 but heavy rain forced NASCAR officials to delay it until February 27 at 7:02 p.m. EST. Carl Edwards, who won the pole position by posting the fastest lap in qualifying, was immediately passed by Biffle before the first turn. Biffle maintained this position until he was passed by Regan Smith on lap eleven. Denny Hamlin took over the lead after a second caution period and led the race for 57 laps, during which Biffle also led. Matt Kenseth assumed the first place on lap 146 and maintained it until a seventh caution period twelve laps later. The race was stopped for two hours and five minutes after Juan Pablo Montoya hit a jet dryer on lap 160, causing fuel to seep onto the track and catch fire. Kenseth regained the first position just before the lap 166 restart, and maintained it for the last thirty-eight laps to win the race.
The race had ten cautions and saw twenty-five lead changes by ten different drivers. The result gave Kenseth the Drivers' Championship lead with 47 points, five ahead of Earnhardt, Biffle, and Hamlin. Jeff Burton followed in fifth on 41 points. Ford led the Manufacturers' Championship with nine points, three ahead of Chevrolet in second. Toyota was third with four, and Dodge was fourth. The race attracted on average 13.69 million television viewers, with 36.5 million watching part or all of the race, making it the second most-watched 500 in history.
Background
The 2012 Daytona 500 was the first of 36 scheduled stock car races of the 2012 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series, and the 54th edition of the event. It was scheduled to be held on February 27, 2012, in Daytona Beach, Florida, at Daytona International Speedway, a superspeedway that holds NASCAR races. The layout used for the Daytona 500 is a four-turn, 2.5 mi superspeedway. Daytona's turns are banked at 31 degrees, and the front stretch—the location of the finish line—is banked at 18 degrees.
The Daytona 500 was conceived by NASCAR founder Bill France Sr., who owned the Daytona International Speedway. The race was first held in 1959; it is the successor to shorter races held on beaches around Daytona Beach, Florida. The race has been the opening round of the NASCAR season since 1982. From 1988 it was one of four events that require cars to run restrictor plates; alongside the 400 mi summer Daytona race and the two races at Talladega Superspeedway. The Daytona 500 offers the most prize money of any auto race held in the United States.
On February 20, 2011, NASCAR's vice president of operations Steve O'Donnell announced that the 2012 Daytona 500 would be moved from its traditional President's Day weekend slot to the final Sunday of February. The decision was based on the possibility of an extended National Football League schedule; the Daytona 500 was moved to avoid a potential clash with the Super Bowl. This shortened the NASCAR season by one week; the company planned to maintain momentum during the early part of the year.
After the two-car style draft—also called tandem racing—dominated races held on restrictor plate tracks during 2011, NASCAR reduced the size of the radiators from five liters to two and the air intakes were moved towards the cars' fascia section. The size of the restrictor plate was reduced by 1/64 in and the cars were required to run with softer springs and a smaller rear spoiler. These changes were intended to reduce the effectiveness of two-car style drafting and to make the cars more challenging to turn. Sprint Cup Series director John Darby stated, "We want to be able to give the teams more options when it comes to drafting and we want to be able to reduce the difference in the speeds between the tandem style of racing and more of the pack style of racing that the fans are accustomed to seeing".
In preparation for the race and to test the new car package, NASCAR held several test sessions on January 12–14, 2012. Test sessions began at 9:00 a.m. Eastern Standard Time (EST) (UTC-05:00), and were paused at midday for a lunch break. They then resumed at 1:00 pm. EST, before concluding at 5:00 pm. 31 drivers participated in the first session on the morning of January 12; Jeff Gordon was quickest with a speed of 192.773 mph, while Kyle Busch had the highest speed of 202.402 mph during the second session in the afternoon.
On the second day, NASCAR allowed drivers to draft in packs to check the cars' responses. During the third session on the morning of January 13, in which 32 drivers took part, Martin Truex Jr. and Clint Bowyer were both quickest with a speed of 204.722 mph, and Kurt Busch recorded the fastest speed of 206.058 mph in the fourth session held in the afternoon. Ryan Newman and Casey Mears decided to leave after the session. During the fifth session, held on the morning on January 14, 30 drivers took part; Kasey Kahne and Gordon were both quickest with a speed of 201.545 mph. After the session, Danica Patrick, Tony Stewart, Kurt Busch and Ricky Stenhouse Jr. left the circuit and NASCAR increased the pressure value from 20 psi to 25 psi. Gordon was fastest in the sixth and final session held in the afternoon, with a speed of 200.562 mph.
During the 2012 Budweiser Shootout, some of the cars' engines overheated while driving in packs; NASCAR increased the engines' pressure release values from 25 psi to 28 psi to help reduce overheating and alleviate the effects of driving at high temperatures.
Entry list
- (R) denotes rookie driver
- (i) denotes ineligible for drivers points
- (W) denotes past 500 winner
| No. | Driver | Team | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jamie McMurray **(W)** | Earnhardt Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet |
| 2 | Brad Keselowski | Penske Racing | Dodge |
| 5 | Kasey Kahne | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet |
| 6 | Ricky Stenhouse Jr. **(i)** | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford |
| 7 | Robby Gordon | Robby Gordon Motorsports | Dodge |
| 9 | Marcos Ambrose | Richard Petty Motorsports | Ford |
| 09 | Kenny Wallace **(i)** | RAB Racing | Toyota |
| 10 | Danica Patrick **(i)** | Stewart–Haas Racing | Chevrolet |
| 11 | Denny Hamlin | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota |
| 13 | Casey Mears | Germain Racing | Ford |
| 14 | Tony Stewart | Stewart–Haas Racing | Chevrolet |
| 15 | Clint Bowyer | Michael Waltrip Racing | Toyota |
| 16 | Greg Biffle | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford |
| 17 | Matt Kenseth **(W)** | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford |
| 18 | Kyle Busch | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota |
| 20 | Joey Logano | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota |
| 21 | Trevor Bayne **(i) (W)** | Wood Brothers Racing | Ford |
| 22 | A. J. Allmendinger | Penske Racing | Dodge |
| 23 | Robert Richardson Jr. **(i)** | R3 Motorsports | Toyota |
| 24 | Jeff Gordon **(W)** | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet |
| 26 | Tony Raines | Front Row Motorsports | Ford |
| 27 | Paul Menard | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet |
| 29 | Kevin Harvick **(W)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet |
| 30 | David Stremme | Inception Motorsports | Toyota |
| 31 | Jeff Burton | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet |
| 32 | Terry Labonte | FAS Lane Racing | Ford |
| 33 | Elliott Sadler **(i)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet |
| 34 | David Ragan | Front Row Motorsports | Ford |
| 36 | Dave Blaney | Tommy Baldwin Racing | Chevrolet |
| 37 | Mike Wallace **(i)** | Rick Ware Racing | Ford |
| 38 | David Gilliland | Front Row Motorsports | Ford |
| 39 | Ryan Newman **(W)** | Stewart–Haas Racing | Chevrolet |
| 40 | Michael Waltrip **(W)** | Hillman Racing | Toyota |
| 42 | Juan Pablo Montoya | Earnhardt Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet |
| 43 | Aric Almirola | Richard Petty Motorsports | Ford |
| 47 | Bobby Labonte | JTG Daugherty Racing | Toyota |
| 48 | Jimmie Johnson **(W)** | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet |
| 49 | J. J. Yeley | Robinson-Blakeney Racing | Toyota |
| 51 | Kurt Busch | Phoenix Racing | Chevrolet |
| 55 | Mark Martin | Michael Waltrip Racing | Toyota |
| 56 | Martin Truex Jr. | Michael Waltrip Racing | Toyota |
| 78 | Regan Smith | Furniture Row Racing | Chevrolet |
| 83 | Landon Cassill | BK Racing | Toyota |
| 87 | Joe Nemechek **(i)** | NEMCO Motorsports | Toyota |
| 88 | Dale Earnhardt Jr. **(W)** | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet |
| 93 | David Reutimann | BK Racing | Toyota |
| 97 | Bill Elliott **(W)** | NEMCO Motorsports | Toyota |
| 98 | Michael McDowell | Phil Parsons Racing | Ford |
| 99 | Carl Edwards | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford |
Practice and qualification
There were seven practice sessions held before the race. The first two were held on February 18 and ran for 120 and 105 minutes each. The next two on February 22 were shortened to 90 minutes each. Two days later, two more practice sessions were scheduled, which both ran for 60 minutes. The final practice session was held on February 25 and lasted 60 minutes. In the second practice session, Biffle remained fastest with a time of 46.574 seconds, followed by Bayne, Truex, Stewart and Mark Martin, Menard, Edwards, Ambrose, Gordon and A. J. Allmendinger.
There were forty-nine cars entered in the qualifier, NASCAR's qualifying procedure permitted forty-three to race. Each driver ran two laps, and unlike most races during the season, the qualifying session determined the first two positions, while the rest of the drivers qualified by the 2012 Gatorade Duels. Edwards clinched his eleventh pole position of his career, his first in the Daytona 500, with a time of 46.216 seconds. The time was the fastest recorded average speed since Jeff Gordon's pole lap in the 1999 race. He was joined on the front row of the grid by teammate Biffle. It was the first time since the 2007 race that Ford cars had the top two starting positions. Bowyer who recorded the 22nd fastest time, had his car twice fail the post-race inspection for height sticks and was required to start at the rear of the field in the second Gatorade Duel race. After the qualifier, Edwards commented, "It's huge to start this year for us and this company with the run today. This is the result of a lot of hard work this offseason and we are now ready to focus on how to win this Daytona 500."
Kenseth led the third practice session, with a time of 44.809 seconds. Bayne, Stenhouse, Ambrose, Martin, Bowyer, Michael McDowell, Kevin Harvick, Menard, and Kahne followed in the top ten. Brad Keselowski slowed to avoid Newman which caused Bowyer to turn into Keselowski, sending him spinning into the grass on the backstretch. Keselowski's car had sustained minor damage which meant he was not required to use his back-up car as mechanics were able to repair the damage. Almirola led fourth practice (where twenty-five drivers took part) with a lap of 45.065 seconds, nearly one-tenth of a second faster than David Stremme. David Ragan was third ahead of Robert Richardson Jr. and Biffle. During the session (where drivers ran in packs and drafted off each other), Juan Pablo Montoya made contact with Kahne, who was sent spinning into the grass on the frontstretch which caused parts of his car's nose to be torn off. Kahne was required to use his back-up car for the rest of Speedweeks.
Stewart and Kenseth were the winners of the Gatorade Duels. The qualifying grid was finalized with Stewart in third and Kenseth in fourth. Earnhardt, Regan Smith, Ambrose, Jimmie Johnson, Jeff Burton and Elliott Sadler completed the top ten. The six drivers that failed to qualify were Michael Waltrip, Richardson, Bill Elliott, Mike Wallace, Kenny Wallace and J. J. Yeley. After the duels, Patrick, David Gilliland, Montoya and Menard went to back-up cars because they were involved in wrecks during the first duel.
Edwards was fastest in fifth practice with a 45.301 seconds lap, one-thousand of a second in front of Almirola. Ambrose was third quickest, ahead of Montoya and Biffle. Kahne and Gordon were sixth and seventh quickest, within one second of Edwards' time. Kyle Busch (with a time of 45.026) led the sixth session ahead of Joey Logano who set an identical time to Kyle Busch. Kurt Busch had the third-fastest time. Denny Hamlin was next ahead of Stewart. Truex, Stenhouse, Allmendinger, Kesleowski and Gordon followed in the top ten. Gilliland's lap of 44.969 seconds topped the final practice session (where thirty-seven drivers participated), followed by Bayne, Stenhouse, Almirola, and Jeff Gordon in the top five positions. During the final practice session, Kurt Busch hit a bird which tore a small hole in the bottom of his radiator causing water to be drained from his car. He changed his car's engine because the damage could not be repaired.
Qualifying results
| Pos | No. | Driver | Team | Manufacturer | Reason | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 99 | Carl Edwards | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford | Pole Winner | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 16 | Greg Biffle | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford | Outside Pole Winner | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 14 | Tony Stewart | Stewart–Haas Racing | Chevrolet | Duel Race 1 Winner | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 17 | Matt Kenseth **(W)** | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford | Duel Race 2 Winner | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 88 | Dale Earnhardt Jr. **(W)** | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | Second in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 78 | Regan Smith | Furniture Row Racing | Chevrolet | Second in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9 | Marcos Ambrose | Richard Petty Motorsports | Ford | Third in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 48 | Jimmie Johnson **(W)** | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | Third in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 31 | Jeff Burton | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | Fourth in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 33 | Elliott Sadler | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | Fourth in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 98 | Michael McDowell | Phil Parsons Racing | Ford | Duel Race 1 transfer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 20 | Joey Logano | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | Sixth in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 29 | Kevin Harvick **(W)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | Seventh in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 18 | Kyle Busch | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | Seventh in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 22 | A. J. Allmendinger | Penske Racing | Dodge | Eighth in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 24 | Jeff Gordon **(W)** | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | Eighth in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7 | Robby Gordon | Robby Gordon Motorsports | Dodge | Duel Race 1 transfer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 39 | Ryan Newman **(W)** | Stewart–Haas Racing | Chevrolet | Ninth in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | Jamie McMurray **(W)** | Earnhardt Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | Tenth in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | Kasey Kahne | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | Tenth in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 | Ricky Stenhouse Jr. | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford | Eleventh in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 55 | Mark Martin | Michael Waltrip Racing | Toyota | Eleventh in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | Brad Keselowski | Penske Racing | Dodge | Thirteenth in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 36 | Dave Blaney | Tommy Baldwin Racing | Chevrolet | Duel Race 2 transfer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 34 | David Ragan | Front Row Motorsports | Ford | Fourteenth in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 56 | Martin Truex Jr. | Michael Waltrip Racing | Toyota | Thirteenth in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 43 | Aric Almirola | Richard Petty Motorsports | Ford | Fifteenth in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 51 | Kurt Busch | Phoenix Racing | Chevrolet | Fourteenth in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 10 | Danica Patrick | Stewart-Haas Racing | Chevrolet | Sixteenth in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 15 | Clint Bowyer | Michael Waltrip Racing | Toyota | Fifteenth in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 11 | Denny Hamlin | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | Seventeenth in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 47 | Bobby Labonte | JTG Daugherty Racing | Toyota | Sixteenth in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 38 | David Gilliland | Front Row Motorsports | Ford | Twenty-second in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 87 | Joe Nemechek | NEMCO Motorsports | Toyota | Duel Race 2 transfer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 42 | Juan Pablo Montoya | Earnhardt Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | Twenty-third in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 13 | Casey Mears | Germain Racing | Ford | Eighteenth in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 27 | Paul Menard | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | Twenty-fourth in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 93 | David Reutimann | BK Racing | Toyota | Twenty-third in Gatorade Duel 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 83 | Landon Cassill | BK Racing | Toyota | Twenty-fifth in Gatorade Duel 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 21 | Trevor Bayne **(W)** | Wood Brothers Racing | Ford | Speed – 193.615 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 26 | Tony Raines | Front Row Motorsports | Ford | Speed – 192.534 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 30 | David Stremme | Inception Motorsports | Toyota | Speed – 191.963 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 32 | Terry Labonte | FAS Lane Racing | Ford | *Champion's Provisional* | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 09 | Kenny Wallace | RAB Racing | Toyota | Speed – 191.567 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 40 | Michael Waltrip **(W)** | Hillman Racing | Toyota | Speed – 191.180 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 97 | Bill Elliott **(W)** | NEMCO Motorsports | Toyota | Speed – 189.950 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 37 | Mike Wallace | Rick Ware Racing | Ford | Speed – 189.853 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 23 | Robert Richardson Jr. | R3 Motorsports | Toyota | Speed – 188.438 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 49 | J. J. Yeley | Robinson-Blakeney Racing | Toyota | Speed – 187.954 |
Race
The race, broadcast live on television in the United States by Fox and by TSN2 in Canada, was due to start at 1:00 pm. EST, but heavy rain prompted NASCAR officials to delay it until the afternoon of February 27, making it the first Daytona 500 to be postponed; because of this, wrestler John Cena, who was supposed to wave the green flag, was in Portland for a WWE commitment. Further rain fell during February 27, delaying the race until 7:02 pm. EST, making it the first race to start in primetime. Commentary was provided by Mike Joy, with analysis given by retired driver Darrell Waltrip and former crew chief Larry McReynolds. Pastor Sonny Gallman of Central Baptist Church, Daytona, began the pre-race ceremonies with the invocation. Daytona Beach resident Melisa TenBroeck performed the U.S. national anthem, and Wood Brothers Racing co-founder Leonard Wood gave the command for the drivers to start their engines. Kahne did not move to the rear because he changed to his backup car before the Gatorade Duels.
Weather conditions at the start were cloudy with the air temperature at 69 F. On the eleventh lap, Smith took the lead; one lap later Biffle moved back into the lead in turn three with aid from teammate Edwards.
On lap 13, Newman looped his car on the backstretch at the exit of the second corner without making contact with the wall; a second caution was issued, during which the leaders, including Biffle, made pit stops. Newman's left-front tire was unsecured and he collided with Allmendinger on pit road. Menard and Hamlin—both of whom chose not to pit—led the field back to speed at the restart on lap 17; by the end of the lap Hamiln had the lead. Hamlin began to pull away from the rest of the field, with Menard in his tow as the leaders began to run in single file. After starting the race in 26th, Truex had moved up 18 positions to eighth by lap 21, and Bowyer had moved up 20 positions to be running in tenth. Biffle tried to pass Truex for seventh on the 23rd lap but Truex kept the position. Both drivers continued to battle for the next two laps. By lap 25, Hamlin was still leading with Menard, Ragan, Logano, Jeff Burton, Ambrose and Truex in the top seven positions. Bayne rejoined the race on lap 37.
On lap 44, Burton, with assistance from Biffle, moved into the lead on the outside of the exit of turn two. Hamlin, who had dropped to third, attempted a passing manoeuvre around the outside for the lead one lap later but dropped to sixth. Green flag pit stops began on lap 56; most of the leaders, including Burton, made pit stops on lap 59. Gordon moved into the lead on lap 61 and began to pull away from Burton. Three laps later, debris was reported in turn two, triggering the third caution. Some drivers, including Gordon, made pit stops for fuel during the caution. During Kenseth's pit stop on lap 66, his team made repairs to his car, which had a water pressure problem. His mechanics changed the car's water and Kenseth rejoined the race in 33rd.
Burton led the field at the restart on lap 68, followed by Biffle, Ambrose, Truex and Kyle Busch. Biffle passed Burton to gain the lead in turn one, with Ambrose moving into second by turn three. Burton had dropped to sixth position by lap 76; Truex had moved ahead of Biffle around the outside for the lead on the same lap. Biffle reclaimed the lead momentarily on lap 78 but Truex overtook him. Three laps later, the fourth caution of the race was prompted when Jeff Gordon's engine failed and flames appeared from his car going into turn three. Most of the drivers, including Truex, made pit stops under caution.
Terry Labonte chose not to stop and led the field at the lap 86 restart, followed by Biffle, who reclaimed the lead on the same lap. Ambrose made contact with Terry Labonte coming off the fourth turn on lap 88 and rested at the side of the pit road; the race's fifth caution was issued. Some drivers chose to pit under caution. The race restarted on lap 92 with Biffle leading from Ambrose on the outside lane and Truex. Eight laps later, Truex, assisted by Hamlin, passed Biffle going into the third turn to take the lead and earned $200,000 for leading at the halfway point. On the 102nd lap, Stewart took over the lead on the backstretch before Hamlin went underneath him betweens turns three and four to reclaim the first position. Two laps later, Truex had moved back into second place. By lap 110, pole position driver Edwards was running in 21st and was reporting fluctuations in his car's fuel pressure.
Bowyer started to slow on lap 127, running out of fuel. He could not go to pit road because two faster cars blocked his entry. he was followed by Smith and Biffle. On the same lap, Biffle, with aid from Hamlin, passed Martin for the lead entering the third turn. Biffle lost the lead when Hamlin passed him on lap 139; five laps later his teammate Logano took over first place. Kenseth carried extra momentum and drove to the high side of the fourth turn to take the lead from Logano on the 146th lap. Two laps later, Earnhardt moved into second after passing Logano. The top fifteen drivers were separated by less than a second by lap 154.
Jet dryer incident
Stremme's engine failed on lap 157 and his car spun in front of a small pack of traffic after his car dropped oil on the track, causing the seventh caution. The leaders, which included Kenseth, made pit stops and some for two tires. Under caution, teams employed varying strategies as rain was approaching the circuit. Juan Pablo Montoya reported to his team that he felt a vibration on his car after leaving pit road; he returned to his pit box on lap 159 where his pit crew checked underneath his car for the vibration which they could not find. He then drove at racing speed after rejoining the track at turn two to catch up with the pace car when a rear trailing arm on his car broke at turn three where two jet dryers were clearing debris. He lost control, skidded up the banking and collided with a trailer-mounted jet engine filled with 200 USgal of jet kerosene, destroying it and rupturing the fuel tank, which started leaking fuel onto the track. Montoya drifted down the track onto the infield grass. The conflagration caused a red flag to be shown.
Over the course of two hours and five minutes, NASCAR officials extinguished the fire and cleaned and repatched the track. Montoya climbed out of his car on his own, but the driver of the safety truck, 52-year-old Duane Barnes, had to be assisted down the banking. Montoya and Barnes were taken to the nearby Halifax Medical Center for examination. The jet dryer and the truck it was attached to was removed from the track by two forklifts. Light rain hit at the track and later broke up. Keselowski gained a large amount of attention during the red flag when he used an iPhone to photograph the accident scene and post it to Twitter. Dave Blaney, Landon Cassill, Tony Raines and Gilliland were the leaders prior to the red flag, having not made pit stops under caution. Edwards and Kyle Busch removed tear-offs from their windshields and were required to go to the back of the field.
Finish
The race resumed under caution at 11:57 pm. EST, following the red flag period that lasted two hours, five minutes and twenty-nine seconds. Mears ran out of fuel at turn two and had to be pushed to pit road by the recovery truck. Blaney, Cassill, Raines and Gilliland made pit stops for fuel, allowing Kenseth to take the lead for the lap 166 restart, ahead of teammate Biffle and Earnhardt in third, and maintained the lead for the next ten laps. On lap 176, the eighth caution was issued after Mears made contact with Almirola, who regained control of his car, but Mears went into the side of Ambrose in the first turn. The restart was delayed for one lap because Logano was moved to the back of the field for failing to maintain car speed. Kenseth led the field at the lap 183 restart, followed by Biffle.
Five laps later, however, a multi-car collision occurred on the frontstretch after Jamie McMurray cut a tire, veered off and collided with Kahne, triggering an eleven car chain-reaction accident involving Edwards, Stewart, Almirola, Keselowski and Smith. Earnhardt's and Stewart's cars sustained minor damage; the ninth caution of the race was issued. The race had a total of ten cautions and twenty-five lead changes among ten different drivers.
After the race
Kenseth appeared in the victory lane to celebrate his first victory of the season; Following his win, Kenseth said, "It feels great. I wasn't expecting to win when I woke up this morning. It feels good to be sitting here", Earnhardt, who finished in second place, said, "We couldn't ever get to Matt. I kind of waited until the last minute. I thought it was a great race. I want to thank the fans for sticking around on a Monday night and everyone who tuned in at home. Sorry about the delay and everything." Biffle, who took third, said, "We had a great speed weeks. Coming out of here with a third place finish is really exciting for us."
Montoya expressed surprise over the crash where he hit a jet dryer under the race's seventh caution, "I've hit a lot of things—but a jet dryer?". He also said his helmet was singed in the fire and he had an aching foot. NASCAR President Mike Helton was also surprised over the incident, "You would think after 65 years and running all the races that NASCAR has run ... that you've seen about everything. You do think about, 'Oh, my gosh, if that can happen, what else can happen?'" Track worker Barnes thanked the fans and Montoya for their concerns. International Speedway Corporation president Joie Chitwood III said that track officials abided by standard procedures when clearing the track, "The team was prepared. The expertise was there. The training was there. The teamwork with NASCAR was there." A NASCAR spokesperson said, "Things were operating in a normal fashion ... it was an extraordinary circumstance that occurred when something went awry in the No. 42 car.", and, "Under caution, it is standard for a car to 'catch up' to the rest of the field, which is what the No. 42 car was doing." Montoya's car was examined by NASCAR officials before it returned to Earnhardt Ganassi Racing's shop in Concord, North Carolina. NASCAR did not fine Keselowski for tweeting during the red flag period and was allowed to keep his iPhone in his pocket for the rest of the season.
Later in the week, track officials conducted a thorough analysis of the track in turn three and determined the damage was worse than originally thought. A second patch job was conducted for the track's upcoming Daytona Bike Week events in March. After the Bike Week, the affected area of track was completely removed and resurfaced by Lane Construction—the same company that resurfaced the entire track prior to the 2011 Daytona 500. Repairs were completed in time for the Coke Zero 400 in July. From the Subway Fresh Fit 500 onward, NASCAR required that an additional pace car would be behind the last jet dryer on track in all three national series and jet dryer drivers were allowed to wear helmets and fire suits for extra protection. The jet dryer incident was described as "one of the most bizarre events" in the history of NASCAR and the Daytona 500 by various American media organizations.
Two days after the race, Hendrick Motorsports was penalized for Johnson's car. The penalty, for "actions detrimental to stock car racing", included a $100,000 fine and a six-race suspension for crew chief Chad Knaus and car chief Ron Malec and the loss of 25 owner and driver points for Jeff Gordon and Johnson. Both Knaus and Malec were placed on probation until May 9, 2012, and were suspended from NASCAR until April 18, 2012. Hendrick Motorsports immediately announced it would appeal the decision; Knaus and Malec were allowed to work with the team during the appeal. As a result of the final appeal held on March 20, Knaus and Malec's six-race suspension was lifted and the points penalties to Johnson and Jeff Gordon were rescinded; however, the $100,000 fine administered to Knaus was upheld.
As this was the first race of the season, Kenseth led the Drivers' Championship with 47 points, followed by Earnhardt, Biffle and Hamlin, who were all tied for second on 42 points. Burton followed in fifth on 40 points. Ford became leader in the Manufacturers' Championship with nine points. Chevrolet was in second with six points, Toyota in third place with four points, one point ahead of Dodge in fourth. The race had an average television audience of 13.69 million viewers. The race took three hours, thirty-six minutes and two seconds to complete, and the margin of victory was 0.210 seconds.
Race results
| Pos | No. | Driver | Team | Manufacturer | Laps | Points | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | Matt Kenseth **(W)** | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford | 202 | 47 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 88 | Dale Earnhardt Jr. **(W)** | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 202 | 42 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 16 | Greg Biffle | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford | 202 | 42 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 11 | Denny Hamlin | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 202 | 42 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 31 | Jeff Burton | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 202 | 40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 27 | Paul Menard | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 202 | 39 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 29 | Kevin Harvick **(W)** | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 202 | 37 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 99 | Carl Edwards | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford | 202 | 36 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 20 | Joey Logano | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 202 | 36 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 55 | Mark Martin | Michael Waltrip Racing | Toyota | 202 | 35 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 15 | Clint Bowyer | Michael Waltrip Racing | Toyota | 202 | 33 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 56 | Martin Truex Jr. | Michael Waltrip Racing | Toyota | 202 | 33 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9 | Marcos Ambrose | Richard Petty Motorsports | Ford | 202 | 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 47 | Bobby Labonte | JTG Daugherty Racing | Toyota | 202 | 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 36 | Dave Blaney | Tommy Baldwin Racing | Chevrolet | 202 | 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 14 | Tony Stewart | Stewart–Haas Racing | Chevrolet | 202 | 29 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 18 | Kyle Busch | Joe Gibbs Racing | Toyota | 202 | 27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 32 | Terry Labonte | FAS Lane Racing | Ford | 202 | 27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 26 | Tony Raines | Front Row Motorsports | Ford | 202 | 25 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 | Ricky Stenhouse Jr. | Roush Fenway Racing | Ford | 202 | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 39 | Ryan Newman **(W)** | Stewart–Haas Racing | Chevrolet | 202 | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 83 | Landon Cassill | BK Racing | Toyota | 202 | 22 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 38 | David Gilliland | Front Row Motorsports | Ford | 201 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 78 | Regan Smith | Furniture Row Racing | Chevrolet | 200 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 13 | Casey Mears | Germain Racing | Ford | 199 | 19 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 93 | David Reutimann | BK Racing | Toyota | 196 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 33 | Elliott Sadler | Richard Childress Racing | Chevrolet | 196 | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 87 | Joe Nemechek | NEMCO Motorsports | Toyota | 194 | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | Kasey Kahne | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 189 | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 98 | Michael McDowell | Phil Parsons Racing | Ford | 189 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | Jamie McMurray **(W)** | Earnhardt Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | 188 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | Brad Keselowski | Penske Racing | Dodge | 187 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 43 | Aric Almirola | Richard Petty Motorsports | Ford | 187 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 22 | A. J. Allmendinger | Penske Racing | Dodge | 177 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 21 | Trevor Bayne **(W)** | Wood Brothers Racing | Ford | 164 | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 42 | Juan Pablo Montoya | Earnhardt Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | 159 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 30 | David Stremme | Inception Motorsports | Toyota | 156 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 10 | Danica Patrick | Stewart–Haas Racing | Chevrolet | 138 | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 51 | Kurt Busch | Phoenix Racing | Chevrolet | 113 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 24 | Jeff Gordon **(W)** | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 81 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7 | Robby Gordon | Robby Gordon Motorsports | Dodge | 25 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 48 | Jimmie Johnson **(W)** | Hendrick Motorsports | Chevrolet | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 34 | David Ragan | Front Row Motorsports | Ford | 1 | 1 |
Standings after the race
;Drivers' Championship standings
| Pos | Driver | Points | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matt Kenseth | 47 | ||||||
| Dale Earnhardt Jr. | 42 (−5) | ||||||
| Greg Biffle | 42 (−5) | ||||||
| Denny Hamlin | 42 (−5) | ||||||
| Jeff Burton | 40 (−7) |

;Manufacturers' Championship standings
| Pos | Manufacturer | Points | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ford | 9 | |||||
| Chevrolet | 6 (−3) | |||||
| Toyota | 4 (−5) | |||||
| Dodge | 3 (−6) |
- Note: Only the top five positions are included for the driver standings.
Footnotes
References
References
- "2012 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series Schedule". ESPN Internet Ventures.
- "The Race: Daytona 500". ESPN Internet Ventures.
- "2012 Daytona 500". USA Today Sports Media Group.
- "Weather Information for Daytona Beach, Florida". Yankee Publishing.
- "2012 NASCAR Sprint Cup TV Ratings". ESPN Internet Ventures.
- Le, Dak. (February 17, 2020). "The 2012 Daytona 500: NASCAR's Longest Day".
- "NASCAR Race Tracks". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- ESPN SportsTravel. (June 27, 2011). "Daytona International Speedway". ESPN.
- Shacklette, Buddy. (February 20, 2012). "Bayne gets shot to defend". [[The Daytona Beach News-Journal]].
- Nelson, Murry R.. (May 23, 2013). "American Sports: A History of Icons, Idols and Ideas". [[ABC-CLIO]].
- "Daytona 500 History". [[TicketCity]].
- Bonkowski, Jerry. (February 23, 2014). "Everything you've ever wanted to know about the Daytona 500 (well, almost)". [[NBC]].
- "Restrictor Plate History Chart". ESPN Internet Ventures.
- Official Release. (February 20, 2011). "2012 Daytona 500 pushed back by a week". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- Freeman, Glenn. (December 16, 2011). "NASCAR announces changes to try and eliminate tandem drafting". [[Haymarket Media Group.
- (January 12, 2012). "Daytona Testing Speeds – Day 1, – January 12, 2012". ESPN Internet Ventures.
- NASCAR Series press release. (January 14, 2012). "Series Daytona pre-season test notes, day 2". [[motorsport.com]].
- (January 13, 2012). "Daytona Testing Speeds – Day 2, – January 13, 2012". ESPN Internet Ventures.
- (January 14, 2012). "Daytona Testing Speeds – Day 3 – January 14, 2012". ESPN Internet Ventures.
- Olson, Jeff. (February 22, 2012). "Mechanic Carl? Edwards drops knowledge on overheating". [[Gannett Company.
- (February 18, 2012). "Practice 1 Timing and Scoring". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- (February 18, 2012). "Practice 2 Timing and Scoring". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- Taliaferro, Matt. (February 16, 2012). "Forty nine drivers are entered for NASCAR's 54th annual Daytona 500". Athlon Media Group.
- Wackerlin, Jeff. (February 19, 2012). "Roush Fenway Sweeps Daytona Front Row". [[International Speedway Corporation]].
- Sporting Wire News Service. (February 19, 2012). "Edwards, Biffle sweep Daytona front row for RFR". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- (February 22, 2012). "Daytona 500 3rd Practice Speeds". International Speedway Corporation.
- (February 22, 2012). "Practice 4 Timing and Scoring". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- Diaz, George. (February 23, 2012). "Gatorade Duels: Tony Stewart, Matt Kenseth win". [[Tribune Publishing]].
- "Race Lineup". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- Wackerlin, Jeff. (February 23, 2012). "Stewart and Kenseth Duel Winners". [[International Speedway Corporation]].
- (February 24, 2012). "Daytona 500 5th Practice Speeds". International Speedway Corporation.
- (February 24, 2012). "Practice 6 Timing and Scoring". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- (February 25, 2012). "Practice 7 Timing and Scoring". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- Rodman, Dave. (February 25, 2012). "Gilliland feeling strong after Happy Hour effort". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- "Daytona Qualifying and Starting Lineup". ESPN Internet Ventures.
- "Daytona 500 on TSN2 headlines new NASCAR broadcast season". [[The Sports Network]].
- (February 28, 2012). "Lap-by-Lap: Daytona". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- Fryer, Jenna. (February 27, 2012). "Daytona 500 start pushed back to 7 pm. Monday". [[Yahoo! Sports]].
- "2012 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series Schedule". ESPN Internet Ventures.
- (February 27–28, 2012). "[[NASCAR on Fox]]". [[Fox Broadcasting Company]].
- Jensen, Tom. (February 28, 2012). "Cup: Kenseth Wins Longest 500".
- Pearce, Al. (February 28, 2012). "Daytona 500: Matt Kenseth wins wild Great American Race". Autoweek.
- (March 1, 2012). "Kenseth Wins Historic Daytona 500 For the Record Books". [[Roush Fenway Racing]].
- Pedley, Jim. (February 28, 2012). "Matt Kenseth Wins One Bizarre Daytona 500".
- (February 27, 2012). "Juan Pablo Montoya slams into jet dryer, sets it ablaze".
- Sandomir, Richard. (February 28, 2012). "Stopped on the Track, Racing Ahead on Twitter". [[The New York Times]].
- Ford Racing press release. (February 28, 2012). "Ford teams Daytona 500 race notes, quotes". Motorsport.com, Inc..
- Bernstein, Viv. (February 27, 2012). "After Two Days of Delays, Kenseth Wins His Second Daytona 500". The New York Times.
- Ryan, Nate. (February 28, 2012). "Matt Kenseth edges Dale Earnhardt Jr. to win Daytona 500". Gannett Company, Inc..
- (February 28, 2012). "Daytona 500: Juan Pablo Montoya's Fiery Crash". Fox News Latino.
- (16 March 2012). "Daytona to repave after Montoya crash". crash.net.
- Utter, Jim. (March 4, 2012). "NASCAR announces safety changes". The McClatchy Company.
- Bruce, Kenny. (April 20, 2012). "Bizarre Daytona 500 will be remembered". [[Sporting News]].
- Official Release. (February 29, 2012). "48 penalty brings six-race suspension for Knaus". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- Caraviello, David. (March 1, 2012). "Big penalty sends Johnson into negative territory". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- Demmons, Doug. (March 13, 2012). "Hendrick Motorsports loses its appeal of NASCAR suspensions". [[Advance Publications]].
- Official Release. (March 20, 2012). "Penalties rescinded on Knaus, No. 48 team". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- "2012 Official Driver Standings: Daytona 500". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
- "Manufacturers' Championship Classification". ESPN Internet Ventures.
- (28 February 2012). "'12 Daytona 500-second-most watched in History". Turner Sports Interactive, Inc..
This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.
Ask Mako anything about 2012 Daytona 500 — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.
Research with MakoFree with your Surf account
Create a free account to save articles, ask Mako questions, and organize your research.
Sign up freeThis content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.
Report