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2008 United States House of Representatives elections in California

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FieldValue
election_name2008 United States House of Representatives elections in California
countryCalifornia
typelegislative
ongoingno
previous_election2006 United States House of Representatives elections in California
previous_year2006
next_election2010 United States House of Representatives elections in California
next_year2010
seats_for_electionAll 53 California seats to the United States House of Representatives
election_date
party1Democratic Party (United States)
last_election1**34**
seats1**34**
seat_change1
popular_vote1**7,380,825**
percentage1**59.90%**
swing13.00%
party2Republican Party (United States)
last_election219
seats219
seat_change2
popular_vote24,515,925
percentage236.65%
swing23.48%
map{{switcher
County resultsdefault1}}
map_caption

| [[File:CA2008House.svg|291px]] | Party gains | [[File:2008 United States House of Representatives elections in California results map by county.svg|291px]] | County results|default=1}} Democratic Republican

Winners

The 2008 United States House of Representatives elections in California were held on November 4, 2008, to determine who would represent California various congressional districts in the United States House of Representatives. In the 111th Congress, California has 53 seats in the House, apportioned accordingly after the 2000 United States census. Representatives are elected to two-year terms; those elected will serve in the 111th Congress from January 3, 2009, to January 3, 2011. The election coincides with the United States presidential election as well as other elections in California.

According to CQ Politics, the districts considered the most competitive were the 4th and 11th, with the 3rd, 8th, 26th, 46th and 50th as less than safe as well. However, the partisan balance of the state's congressional delegation did not change, despite the strong Democratic dominance during the broader elections.

Overview

United States House of Representatives elections in California, 2008PartyVotesPercentageSeats+/–
Democratic7,380,82559.90%340
Republican4,515,92536.65%190
Libertarian220,1181.79%00
Independent90,3400.73%00
Green60,9260.49%00
Peace and Freedom47,6590.39%00
American Independent6,2860.05%00
Valid votes12,322,07989.66%——
Invalid or blank votes1,421,09810.34%——
**Totals****13,743,177****100.00%****53****—**
Voter turnout79.42%

Below are the final official results as reported by the Secretary of State.

District 1

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 2

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 3

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 4

(map)

On December 2, 2008, Republican Tom McClintock declared victory over Democrat Charlie Brown in the race in the 4th congressional district. Brown conceded his defeat the next day. The race had been so close that it took four weeks of counting all mailed and provisional ballots before McClintock could be assured of victory.

PollsterDatesRespondentsMcClintockBrownOtherUndecided
Val Smith (R-McClintock)10/21-22/08400 likely voters**49%**40%--
Val Smith (R-McClintock)9/22-24/08400 likely voters**47%**39%--
Benenson Strategy (D-Brown)8/21-24/08500 likely voters41%**43%**-15%
Benenson Strategy (D-Brown)5/14-15/08400 likely voters40%**42%**-18%

Charlie Brown is a retired Air Force officer who first ran for this seat in 2006, losing to incumbent John Doolittle by three percent of the vote. Brown announced in February 2007 that he would run again in 2008. Doolittle's prospects for reelection suffered because of a federal investigation into his alleged ties to Jack Abramoff. In April 2007, the FBI raided Doolittle's Virginia home. Doolittle denies all wrongdoing, and has not been charged with any crime. On January 10, 2008, Doolittle announced that he would finish his term but not run for re-election.

On March 4, 2008, State Senator Tom McClintock of Thousand Oaks officially launched his campaign for this district at the Placer County Courthouse in Auburn. McClintock received immediate endorsements from local and state Republicans, including State Senator Sam Aanasted, State Assemblyman Ted Gaines, State Assemblyman Rick Keene, Auburn City Councilman Kevin Hanley, Yuba County Supervisor Dan Logue, and Nevada County Supervisor Sue Horne.

Brown was endorsed by Senator Max Cleland, former General Wesley Clark, former Republican Congressman Pete McCloskey, Senator Jim Webb of Virginia, and many veterans' groups including the Veterans' Alliance for Security and Democracy and VoteVets.org.

In the primary election on June 3, 2008, Tom McClintock won the Republican primary with 54% of the vote ahead of Doug Ose, Suzanne Jones, and Theodore Terbolizard, in that order. Other Republican candidates had withdrawn from the race and thus did not appear on the ballot, including Rico Oller, Eric Egland, and Auburn City Councilman Mike Holmes. Charlie Brown won the Democratic primary with 88% of the vote, ahead of John "Wolf" Wolfgram, who had little financial support.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 5

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 6

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 7

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 8

(map)

The eighth congressional district has been represented by Democrat Nancy Pelosi since 1993, when the area was redistricted from the 5th congressional district. Pelosi, who is Speaker of the House, is considered safe for re-election, but Iraq War activist Cindy Sheehan announced that she would consider running against Pelosi if Pelosi did not put in an article of impeachment against President George W. Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney. She qualified for the ballot as an independent candidate and was endorsed by the Peace and Freedom Party.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 9

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 10

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 11

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 12

(map)

California's 12th congressional district is represented by Democrat Jackie Speier. She won a special election months before the general election to replace Tom Lantos, who represented the district from 1981 until his death due to esophageal cancer at the age of 80 in 2008. Lantos had announced that he would not seek re-election due to his declining health. This overwhelmingly Democratic district comprises mainly northern San Mateo County and the Sunset area of San Francisco.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 13

(map)

California's 13th congressional district has been represented by Democrat Pete Stark since 1973. Often regarded as the most liberal member of Congress (and its only atheist), Stark ran for re-election and was unopposed for the Democratic nomination. His overwhelmingly Democratic district is centered in the East Bay and includes Hayward.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 14

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 15

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 16

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 17

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 18

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 19

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 20

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 21

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 22

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 23

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 24

(map) has been represented by Republican Elton Gallegly since 1987. Although he had claimed that his 2006 campaign would be his last, Gallegly has announced that he intends to seek another term in 2008. Republican State Senator Tom McClintock, who has name statewide recognition from his several statewide campaigns, would have considered the likely frontrunner were there an open seat but moved to an open seat in Northern California's 4th District in 2008. McClintock had been an intra-party rival to Gallegly, who had hoped to have a political ally nominated to succeed him. Bush won 55% here in 2004.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 25

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 26

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 27

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 28

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 29

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 30

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 31

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 32

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 33

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 34

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 35

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 36

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 37

(map) This district has been represented by Democrat Laura Richardson since winning a special election on August 21, 2007, that was called after Democrat Juanita Millender-McDonald died of cancer. The staunchly Democratic district includes Compton, some of south-central Los Angeles and much of Long Beach.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 38

(map)

California's 38th congressional district has been represented by Democrat Grace Napolitano since 1999. Napolitano's heavily Democratic east Los Angeles-based district is a largely Hispanic one that includes Montebello, Pico Rivera, La Puente, and part of Norwalk.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 39

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 40

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 41

(map)

California's 41st congressional district has been represented by Republican Jerry Lewis since 1979. Lewis served as the chair of the House Appropriations Committee when Republicans controlled the House. Lewis, who will be 74 in 2008, has come under investigation for connections to the Copeland Lowery lobbying firm. In spite of speculation that he would retire, Lewis announced he would seek reelection on August 31. Bush won 62% here in 2004.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 42

(map)

California's 42nd congressional district is one of the most conservative districts in the state, and has been represented by Republican Gary Miller since 1999. Before the election, Miller suffered bad press, with four ex-aides accusing him of conflict-of-interest and using his position to profit from the sale of personal land holdings.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 43

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 44

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 45

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 46

(map) Republican Dana Rohrabacher's district (which includes the Southern Channel Islands, Palos Verdes Peninsula, and parts of Orange County) has been a Republican stronghold in recent years. Huntington Beach mayor Debbie Cook was the (Democratic) challenger.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 47

(map) was represented by Democrat Loretta Sanchez since 1997. Sanchez won 62% of the vote in a district that barely went to George W. Bush with around 50% to 49% in 2004, which could have resulted in an opening for Republicans, who had not recruited a strong candidate in years. This year, Republican Rosie Avila hoped to oust Sanchez. However, Sanchez's district is located in one of the more Democratic areas of Orange County, including Anaheim and Santa Ana, and Al Gore won this district in 2000 by a comfortable margin.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 48

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 49

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 50

(map) has been represented by Republican Brian Bilbray since 2006. Bilbray won 53% of the vote in a Republican-leaning district north of San Diego that was previously represented by the scandal-plagued Duke Cunningham (R). George W. Bush won 54% here in 2004. Nick Leibham won against Cheryl Ede in the Democratic primary. CQ Politics forecasts the race as 'Safe Republican'.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 51

(map) The congressional district has been held by Bob Filner, who formerly represented the 50th, since its inception following the 1992 redistricting. The district was redrawn following the 2000 census, creating a gerrymandered district boundary. Democratic incumbent Bob Filner of San Diego is seeking reelection and is being challenged by Republican businessman David Lee Joy of Spring Valley. The Libertarian candidate is musician and software systems engineer Dan "Frodo" Litwin of San Diego.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 52

(map) This race is for an open seat, being vacated by former Republican presidential candidate Duncan Hunter. Both Democratic and Republican candidates are OIF veterans. The Libertarian candidate is 2002 congressional candidate Mike Benoit.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

District 53

(map)

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 6, 2008
RothenbergNovember 2, 2008
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 6, 2008
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 7, 2008
CQ PoliticsNovember 6, 2008

References

References

  1. (2008-10-28). "2008 House Ratings Chart". [[Congressional Quarterly]].
  2. (2008-12-15). "Statement of Vote: November 4, 2008, General Election". [[Secretary of State of California]].
  3. (2008-10-31). "October 20, 2008 Report of Registration: Registration by Congressional District". [[Secretary of State of California]].
  4. (6 November 2006). "2008 Competitive House Race Chart". [[The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter.
  5. (2 November 2006). "2008 House Ratings". The Rothenberg Political Report.
  6. (6 November 2008). "2008 House". Sabato's Crystal Ball.
  7. (7 November 2008). "Battle for the House of Representatives". Real Clear Politics.
  8. "Race Ratings Chart: House". Congressional Quarterly Inc.
  9. (2008-01-10). "Doolittle says he will not seek reelection". [[The Hill (newspaper).
  10. (2008-03-04). "McClintock Launches Campaign for Congress". Tom McClintock's congressional Campaign.
  11. (2008-09-26). "New McClintock Attack Site Plagiarizes Charlie Brown's Website". YubaNet.com.
  12. (2008-09-02). "Statement of Vote: June 3, 2008, Statewide Direct Primary Election". [[Secretary of State of California]].
  13. Whitney, David. (2007-08-15). "Second Republican takes on Doolittle". [[The Sacramento Bee]].
  14. Moller, Dave. "Congressional Showdown". The Union.
  15. (2007-07-08). "Cindy Sheehan considering run against Pelosi". [[CNN]].
  16. "Cindy Sheehan for Congress!". [[Peace and Freedom Party]].
  17. (2008-03-11). "County finalizes primary ballots". Inside Bay Area.
  18. (2008-08-31). "Rep. Jerry Lewis to Run for Re-election Despite Lobbying Probe". [[Fox News Channel.
  19. Heisel, William. (2006-12-12). "Ex-aides allege abuse of power". [[Los Angeles Times]].
  20. (2008-03-26). "Direct Primary Election, Candidate List". County of San Diego - Registrar of Voters.
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