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2007 Polish parliamentary election

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Field	Value
country	Poland
type	parliamentary
previous_election	2005 Polish parliamentary election
previous_year	2005
outgoing_members	List_of_Sejm_members_(2005–2007)
next_election	2011 Polish parliamentary election
next_year	2011
elected_members	List_of_Sejm_members_(2007-2011)
opinion_polls	Opinion polling for the 2007 Polish parliamentary election
election_date	21 October 2007
registered	30,615,471
module	{{Infobox election
embed	yes
election_name	Sejm
type	legislative
seats_for_election	All 460 seats in the Sejm
majority_seats	231
turnout	16,477,734 (53.82%) 13.25 pp
image1
leader1	Donald Tusk
party1	Civic Platform
leader_since1	1 June 2003
last_election1	24.1%, 133 seats
seats1	209
seat_change1	76
popular_vote1	6,701,010
percentage1	41.5%
swing1	17.4 pp
image2
leader2	Jarosław Kaczyński
party2	Law and Justice
leader_since2	18 January 2003
last_election2	27.0%, 155 seats
seats2	166
seat_change2	11
popular_vote2	5,183,477
percentage2	32.1%
swing2	5.1 pp
image3
leader3	Aleksander Kwaśniewski
party3	Left and Democrats
leader_since3	3 September 2006
last_election3	17.6%, 55 seats
seats3	53
seat_change3	2
popular_vote3	2,122,981
percentage3	13.2%
swing3	4.4 pp
image4
leader4	Waldemar Pawlak
party4	Polish People's Party
leader_since4	29 January 2005
last_election4	7.0%, 25 seats
seats4	31
seat_change4	6
popular_vote4	1,437,638
percentage4	8.9%
swing4	1.9 pp
image5
leader5	Henryk Kroll
party5	German Minority
leader_since5	23 March 1991
last_election5	0.3%, 2 seats
seats5	1
seat_change5	1
popular_vote5	28,014
percentage5	0.2%
swing5	0.1 pp
module	{{Infobox legislative election
embed	yes
election_name	Senate
seats_for_election	All 100 seats in the Senate
majority_seats	51
turnout	16,475,672 (53.81%) 13.32 pp
noleader	yes
party1	Civic Platform	leader1 =	last_election1 = 34	seats1 = 60	percentage1 = 39.14
party2	Law and Justice	leader2 =	last_election2 = 49	seats2 = 39	percentage2 = 31.38
party3	Independent (politician)	leader3 =	last_election3 = 5	seats3 = 1	percentage3 = 3.64
map	{{Switcher
title	Government
before_election	Kaczyński cabinet
before_party	PiS
posttitle	Government after election
after_election	First Tusk cabinet
after_party	PO—PSL

Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 21 October 2007. All 460 members of the Sejm and 100 senators of the Senate were elected. The largest opposition group, Civic Platform (PO), soundly defeated the ruling Law and Justice (PiS) party and its allies. Throughout the campaign, polls showed conflicting results as to which of the two parties had the greater support, yet by the closing week the polls had swung in favour of Civic Platform. Three other political groups won the election into the Sejm, the centre-left Left and Democrats coalition, the agrarian Polish People's Party, and the tiny German Minority group. Law and Justice's former minor coalition partners, the League of Polish Families and the Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland suffered an enormous voter backlash, failing to cross the 5% electoral threshold in order to enter the Sejm. Consequently, both parties lost all of their seats.

Early elections were called after the Sejm voted for its dissolution, due to serious allegations of massive corruption on the part of Andrzej Lepper, leader of the Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland, whose party served as a junior coalition partner to the government of Prime Minister Jarosław Kaczyński. All 460 seats in the Sejm and all 100 seats in the Senate were up for election.

Prime Minister and PiS leader Jarosław Kaczyński stepped down from office on 15 November, with Civic Platform leader Donald Tusk sworn in as Poland's Prime Minister the following day. Civic Platform consequently formed a coalition majority government with the Polish People's Party.

The turnout for the elections was 54%, an increase of 13 pp from the 2005 elections, seeing the highest voter turnout in a Polish parliamentary election since the semi-free elections of 1989.

Contesting parties

Only seven parties contested all 41 electoral districts for the Sejm nationwide. They included:

Law and Justice (PiS)
Civic Platform (PO)
Left and Democrats (LiD)
Polish People's Party (PSL)
League of Polish Families (LPR)
Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland (SRP)
Polish Labour Party (PPP)

Three other parties managed to register in at least one district:

Women's Party (PK) — 7 districts;
Patriotic Self-Defence (SOP) — one district;
German Minority (MN) — one district;

On 26 September 2007, the leader of the National Party of Retirees and Pensioners, Tomasz Mamiński announced his party's withdrawal from the campaign, stating that Polish electoral law and media bias discriminate against smaller parties.

Although only the ten parties mentioned above openly contested elections to the lower house Sejm, there were other groups which entered the race for the Sejm. It is common practice in Polish elections for many smaller parties to register their candidates on the electoral committee lists of the larger parties contesting the election. These included:

LPR's lists include members of the League of Polish Families, Real Politics Union and Right of the Republic;
PiS's lists included members of the Polish People's Party "Piast", National People's Movement, Patriotic Movement, Centre Party and Christian-National Union;
The SRP's lists include candidates from Piotr Ikonowicz's New Left party, Leszek Miller's Polish Left party and Zygmunt Wrzodak's National Congress of Poland;
LiD's lists include members from Democratic Left Alliance, Social Democracy of Poland, Democratic Party - demokraci.pl, Labour Union, Reason of the Polish Left, Democratic Left Party and Polish Socialist Party;
The PPP lists include members of the Communist Party of Poland, Union of the Left, Polish Socialist Party, Reason of the Polish Left, Movement for Unemployed Protection and National Forum of Retirees and Pensioners.

29 political groupings and independents contested the elections to the Senate.

The Greens registered in one district to the Senate (Katowice), receiving 4.55% of votes.

Opinion polls

Main article: Opinion polling for the 2007 Polish parliamentary election

Results

■ – Civic Platform

■ – Law and Justice ■ – Polish People's Party

■ – Left and Democrats]]

Sejm

Law and Justice's main support (dark blue).

By constituency

Constituency	Turnout	PO	PiS	LiD	PSL	SRP	LPR	PPP	MN	Others	Lead	Civic Platform}};"
1 – Legnica	51.32	42.97	28.96	17.89	6.60	1.49	1.12	0.97	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	14.01
2 – Wałbrzych	48.91	46.39	26.23	15.73	7.76	1.59	1.04	1.25	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	20.16
3 – Wrocław	58.18	53.20	28.40	10.39	4.84	1.12	1.20	0.84	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	24.80
4 – Bydgoszcz	53.26	44.09	24.21	19.01	8.71	1.71	1.07	1.20	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	19.88
5 – Toruń	48.13	39.27	26.75	18.34	11.36	2.34	0.88	1.07	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	12.52
6 – Lublin	53.05	29.47	41.52	10.59	12.55	1.76	1.91	0.78	-	1.42	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	12.05
7 – Chełm	46.23	24.09	39.51	10.50	19.38	3.30	2.10	1.12	-	0.00	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	15.42
8 – Zielona Góra	50.35	47.06	22.47	17.64	8.39	1.69	1.44	1.32	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	24.59
9 – Łódź	61.98	45.68	27.85	17.77	3.64	1.45	1.13	0.76	-	1.72	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	17.83
10 – Piotrków Trybunalski	50.66	27.92	41.42	12.35	13.66	2.27	1.26	1.11	-	0.00	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	13.50
11 – Sieradz	49.46	30.46	35.14	14.03	14.05	2.71	1.22	0.92	-	1.47	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	4.68
12 – Chrzanów	54.73	36.43	40.40	10.70	9.01	0.97	1.52	0.98	-	0.00	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	3.97
13 – Kraków	61.38	47.35	34.43	9.67	4.18	0.62	1.22	1.67	-	0.86	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	12.92
14 – Nowy Sącz	52.27	28.76	51.35	6.40	10.28	1.23	1.32	0.67	-	0.00	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	22.59
15 – Tarnów	52.26	32.22	45.64	7.33	11.23	1.15	1.56	0.87	-	0.00	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	13.42
16 – Płock	47.05	29.54	35.58	11.25	19.82	1.93	0.99	0.88	-	0.00	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	6.04
17 – Radom	50.56	28.24	42.72	8.94	15.02	2.66	1.49	0.93	-	0.00	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	14.48
18 – Siedlce	50.51	24.83	42.93	8.36	18.96	2.36	1.78	0.77	-	0.00	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	18.10
19 – Warsaw I	74.03	54.01	27.66	12.66	2.33	0.40	1.24	0.48	-	1.22	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	26.35
20 – Warsaw II	61.83	45.17	35.63	7.93	8.26	0.79	1.41	0.81	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	9.54
21 – Opole	45.53	46.58	22.87	11.19	6.62	1.74	1.28	0.91	8.81	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	23.71
22 – Krosno	41.10	29.30	44.19	9.21	12.96	1.81	1.49	1.05	-	0.00	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	14.89
23 – Rzeszów	44.24	27.81	48.43	8.78	11.16	1.09	1.84	0.89	-	0.00	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	20.62
24 – Białystok	49.50	32.36	38.81	14.72	9.14	2.02	1.44	0.61	-	0.90	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	6.45
25 – Gdańsk	58.34	54.62	27.08	10.59	4.38	1.19	1.34	0.81	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	27.54
26 – Gdynia	56.80	51.03	26.55	12.45	6.12	1.37	1.56	0.93	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	24.48
27 – Bielsko-Biała	58.84	41.76	35.41	12.81	6.62	0.91	1.14	1.34	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	6.35
28 – Częstochowa	52.94	40.12	30.88	14.76	9.79	1.53	1.55	1.36	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	9.24
29 – Gliwice	50.96	49.69	29.62	13.26	4.63	0.82	0.97	1.01	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	20.07
30 – Rybnik	53.01	44.55	36.23	11.99	3.98	0.95	1.01	1.29	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	8.32
31 – Katowice	57.45	49.74	31.52	12.26	3.31	0.59	0.97	1.62	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	18.22
32 – Sosnowiec	49.73	44.75	24.98	21.61	5.03	0.93	1.16	1.56	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	19.77
33 – Kielce	47.45	27.94	39.07	13.81	14.72	1.63	0.98	0.94	-	0.91	Law and Justice}}; color:white;"	11.13
34 – Elbląg	46.89	43.34	24.26	15.43	11.42	3.00	1.40	1.14	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	19.08
35 – Olsztyn	48.90	45.25	24.15	14.07	12.61	1.70	1.30	0.92	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	21.10
36 – Kalisz	50.91	38.59	26.48	16.89	13.40	2.19	1.25	1.20	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	12.11
37 – Konin	50.78	34.18	29.24	17.44	13.83	2.36	1.38	1.58	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	4.94
38 – Piła	51.78	41.88	21.73	19.75	12.63	2.13	0.97	0.92	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	20.15
39 – Poznań	66.68	58.60	21.04	12.63	5.45	0.60	0.99	0.68	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	37.56
40 – Koszalin	49.15	45.88	21.57	17.58	8.58	4.24	1.04	1.12	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	24.31
41 – Szczecin	53.53	48.96	24.05	17.00	6.12	1.63	1.33	0.92	-	0.00	Civic Platform}}; color:white;"	24.91
53.88	41.51	32.11	13.15	8.91	1.53	1.30	0.99	0.20	0.30	9.40

Seat distribution by constituency

Constituency	PO	PiS	LiD	PSL	MN	Sum
1 – Legnica	6	4	2	-	-	12
2 – Wałbrzych	5	2	1	-	-	8
3 – Wrocław	9	4	1	-	-	14
4 – Bydgoszcz	6	3	2	1	-	12
5 – Toruń	6	4	2	1	-	13
6 – Lublin	5	7	1	2	-	15
7 – Chełm	3	6	1	2	-	12
8 – Zielona Góra	6	3	2	1	-	12
9 – Łódź	5	3	2	-	-	10
10 – Piotrków Trybunalski	3	4	1	1	-	9
11 – Sieradz	4	5	1	2	-	12
12 – Chrzanów	3	4	1	-	-	8
13 – Kraków	7	5	1	-	-	13
14 – Nowy Sącz	3	5	-	1	-	9
15 – Tarnów	3	5	-	1	-	9
16 – Płock	3	4	1	2	-	10
17 – Radom	3	4	1	1	-	9
18 – Siedlce	3	6	1	2	-	12
19 – Warsaw I	11	6	2	-	-	19
20 – Warsaw II	5	4	1	1	-	11
21 – Opole	7	3	1	1	1	13
22 – Krosno	3	6	1	1	-	11
23 – Rzeszów	4	8	1	2	-	15
24 – Białystok	5	7	2	1	-	15
25 – Gdańsk	8	3	1	-	-	12
26 – Gdynia	8	4	2	-	-	14
27 – Bielsko-Biała	4	4	1	-	-	9
28 – Częstochowa	3	3	1	-	-	7
29 – Gliwice	6	3	1	-	-	10
30 – Rybnik	4	4	1	-	-	9
31 – Katowice	7	4	1	-	-	12
32 – Sosnowiec	5	2	2	-	-	9
33 – Kielce	5	7	2	2	-	16
34 – Elbląg	4	2	1	1	-	8
35 – Olsztyn	5	3	1	1	-	10
36 – Kalisz	5	3	2	2	-	12
37 – Konin	3	3	2	1	-	9
38 – Piła	4	2	2	1	-	9
39 – Poznań	7	2	1		-	10
40 – Koszalin	5	2	1	-	-	8
41 – Szczecin	8	3	2	-	-	13
209	166	53	31	1	460

Senate

By constituency

No.	Constituency	Total seats	Seats won	PO
1	Legnica	2	1
2	Wałbrzych	2
3	Wrocław	3
4	Bydgoszcz	2
5	Toruń	3
6	Lublin		3
7	Chełm	1	2
8	Zielona Góra	2	1
9	Łódź	2
10	Piotrków Trybunalski		2
11	Sieradz	2	1
12	Kraków	3	1
13	Nowy Sącz		2
14	Tarnów		2
15	Płock	1	1
16	Radom		2
17	Siedlce		3
18	Warsaw	3	1
19	Warsaw	1	1
20	Opole	2	1
21	Krosno		2
22	Rzeszów		3
23	Białystok		2	1
24	Gdańsk	3
25	Gydnia	2	1
26	Bielsko-Biała	2
27	Częstochowa	1	1
28	Gliwice	2
29	Rybnik	1	1
30	Katowice	2	1
31	Sosnowiec	2
32	Kielce	1	2
33	Elbląg	1	1
34	Olsztyn	2
35	Kalisz	2	1
36	Konin	2
37	Piła	2
38	Poznań	2
39	Koszalin	2
40	Szczecin	2
60	39	1

Aftermath

Consecutive postponements of the electoral silence's termination (initially planned for 8 PM) by the National Electoral Committee was widely criticized. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Election Assessment Mission stated that the elections demonstrate a democratic and pluralistic process, but challenges remain in oversight of the public media.

Prime Minister and PiS leader Jarosław Kaczyński stepped down from office on 15 November, and PO leader, Donald Tusk, was sworn in as Poland's Prime Minister the following day. The Civic Platform formed a coalition majority government with the agrarian centrist Polish People's Party.

Ryszard Galla, who became the only elected representative of the German Minority, replaced Henryk Kroll as the party's leader.

References

Notes

References

(2007-09-07). "Polish MPs choose early election". BBC News.
(2007-09-26). "Krajowa Partia Emerytów i Rencistów nie startuje w wyborach". TVN24.pl.
"Elections 2007". Wybory2007.pkw.gov.pl.
"Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights - Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights - Elections - Polish elections demonstrate a democratic and pluralistic process, but challenges remain in oversight of the public media, OSCE finds".
"Koniec epoki Henryka Krolla, Ryszard Galla nowym liderem mniejszości".

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