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2001 Taiwanese legislative election

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Field	Value
country	Taiwan
type	legislative
previous_election	1998 Taiwan legislative election
previous_year	1998
next_election	2004 Taiwan legislative election
next_year	2004
turnout	66.16%
seats_for_election	All 225 seats in the Legislative Yuan
majority_seats	113
election_date	1 December 2001
image1	2008-Hsieh-cropped.png
leader1	Frank Hsieh
party1	Democratic Progressive Party
alliance1	Pan-Green Coalition
leader_since1	20 April 2000
last_election1	29.56%, 70 seats
seats1	87
seat_change1	17
popular_vote1	3,447,740
percentage1	33.38%
swing1	3.82pp
image2	連戰院長 (cropped).jpg
leader2	Lien Chan
party2	Kuomintang
alliance2	Pan-Blue Coalition
leader_since2	20 March 2000
last_election2	46.43%, 123 seats
seats2	68
seat_change2	55
popular_vote2	2,949,371
percentage2	28.56%
swing2	17.87pp
image4	James Soong election infobox.jpg
leader4	James Soong
party4	People First Party (Taiwan)
alliance4	Pan-Blue Coalition
leader_since4	31 March 2000
last_election4	–
seats4	46
seat_change4	New
popular_vote4	1,917,836
percentage4	18.57%
swing4	–
image5	黃文主.jpg
leader5	Huang Chu-wen
party5	Taiwan Solidarity Union
alliance5	Pan-Green Coalition
leader_since5	12 August 2001
last_election5	–
seats5	13
seat_change5	New
popular_vote5	801,560
percentage5	7.76%
swing5	–
map_image	2001 Legislative Yuan election.svg
map2_image	2001_ROCLY_cartogram.svg
map2_caption	Elected member party by seat{{unbulleted list
title	President
before_election	Wang Jin-pyng
before_party	Kuomintang
after_election	Wang Jin-pyng
after_party	Kuomintang

| | | | | | |}}

The 2001 Taiwanese legislative election was held on 1 December 2001. All 225 seats of the Legislative Yuan were up for election: 168 elected by popular vote, 41 elected on the basis of the proportional representation based on the nationwide votes received by participating political parties, eight elected from overseas Chinese constituencies on the basis of the proportion of nationwide votes received by participating political parties, eight elected by popular vote among the Taiwanese aboriginal populations. Members served three year terms from February 1, 2002, to February 1, 2005.

Background

The first national election to be held after Chen Shui-bian's victory in the 2000 presidential election, the election resulted for the first time in the Kuomintang (KMT) losing its majority and President Chen's Democratic Progressive Party to emerging as the largest party in the legislature. However, the Pan-Blue Coalition developed between the Kuomintang, the People First Party and the New Party, enabled the Chinese reunificationist and conservative opposition to muster a slim majority over the pro-Taiwan independence Pan-Green Coalition formed between the Democratic Progressive Party and the Taiwan Solidarity Union. This resulted in much of President Chen's agenda being derailed or deadlocked for the following three years.

Results

The KMT lost its majority for the first time, losing 46 seats and falling to 68 seats. The largest party had become the DPP with 87 seats, followed by the KMT, and the PFP with 46 seats. Various parties and independents held the remainder. The New Party which lost all of its seat except the one seat on Quemoy while the newly formed Taiwan Solidarity Union (TSU) captured 13 seats, with independents holding on to 10 seats. Overall the pan-blue opposition got 115 seats, while the government pan-green got 100 seats. The pan-blue remained majority.

Part of the KMT's loss could be attributed to defections to both the People First Party and Taiwan Solidarity Union. The People First Party formed by James Soong and his supporters after the 2000 presidential elections. Soong had been expelled from the KMT after launching an independent bid for the presidency and narrowly lost the race to Chen Shui-bian. The Taiwan Solidarity Union was formed by supporters of former President and KMT Chairman Lee Teng-hui, who took the title of "spiritual leader" in the party. For this, Lee was also expelled from the KMT. Though the both offshoots of the Kuomintang, the People First Party advocated a more conservative position than the KMT while the Taiwan Solidarity Union took on a radical pro-independence stance. After Lee's expulsion, the KMT and PFP had a warming of relations and cooperated in the election. The more moderate pro-independence Democratic Progressive Party cooperated with the Taiwan Solidarity Union likewise, leading to the formation of the pan-blue and pan-green coalitions.

The KMT's loss in the election could also be attributed partly to the single non-transferable vote scheme in place. Though the DPP won 40% of the seats they only polled 36% of the vote because of the inability of the KMT, PFP, and New Party to coordinate their electoral strategies. Despite winning a plurality of votes in Hualien, vote-splitting between KMT candidates led to the election of one DPP and one PFP candidate instead. This led to more stringent vote allocation strategies by pan-blue in 2004, which helped prevent pan-green from gaining a majority.

References

Copper, John F. "Taiwan's 2001 Legislative, Magistrates and Mayors Election: Further Consolidating Democracy?".

Info: Wikipedia Source

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