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1998 Indian general election

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FieldValue
countryIndia
typeparliamentary
previous_election1996 Indian general election
previous_year1996
next_election1999 Indian general election
next_year1999
election_date16, 22 and 28 February 1998
registered605,880,192
turnout61.97% ( 4.03pp)
seats_for_election543 of the 545 seats in the Lok Sabha
majority_seats272
image1
leader1Atal Bihari Vajpayee
party1Bharatiya Janata Party
last_election120.29%, 161 seats
seats1**182**
seat_change121
percentage125.59%
popular_vote194,266,188
swing15.30pp
image2
leader2Sonia Gandhi
party2Indian National Congressleaders_seat2 = didn't stand
last_election228.80%, 140 seats
seats2141
seat_change21
percentage2**25.82%**
popular_vote2**95,111,131**
swing22.98pp
image3
leader3Harkishan Singh Surjeet
party3Communist Party of India (Marxist)
last_election36.12%, 32 seats
seats332
seat_change3
popular_vote318,991,867
percentage35.16%
swing30.96pp
map_imageWahlergebnisse Indien 1998.svg
map_captionResults by constituency
titlePrime Minister
posttitlePrime Minister after election
before_electionInder Kumar Gujral
before_partyJD
after_electionAtal Bihari Vajpayee
after_partyBharatiya Janata Party
outgoing_membersList of members of the 11th Lok Sabha
elected_membersList of members of the 12th Lok Sabha
alliance1National Democratic Alliance
alliance2INC+
alliance3Left Front (West Bengal)

General elections were held in India on 16, 22 and 28 February 1998 to elect the members of the twelfth Lok Sabha. The elections were held three years ahead of schedule after the government led by Inder Kumar Gujral collapsed when the Indian National Congress (INC) withdrew its support in November 1997.

The result was another hung parliament, with no party or alliance able to muster a majority. However, Atal Bihari Vajpayee of the Bharatiya Janata Party was able to form a coalition government led by the National Democratic Alliance with the outside support of the Telugu Desam Party. He was sworn in as Prime Minister with support from 272 of 543 MPs. However, his government collapsed on 17 April 1999 when the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam withdrew its support, after Vajpayee refused to meet the demands of its leader J. Jayalalithaa, namely halting the corruption cases against her and the sacking of the Tamil Nadu government led by her bete-noire M. Karunanidhi. This led to fresh elections in 1999.

The elections were the second consecutive general elections in which the party that received the most votes did not win the most seats.

Results

By state and alliance

State
(# of seats)Alliance/partySeats contestedSeats wonVote %Congress+Third FrontNDACongress+NDACongress+NDANDACongress+Third FrontCongress+NDANDACongress+Congress+NDANDACongress+NDACongress+NDACongress+Congress+Third FrontNDANDACongress+Congress+NDANDANDACongress+NDACongress+Congress+NDANDACongress+Third FrontNDACongress+Third FrontNDAUPA
[Andhra Pradesh](1998-indian-general-election-in-andhra-pradesh) **(42)**Indian National Congress**42****22****42.79**
Third Front}}"Telugu Desam Party351232
Communist Party Of India (CPI)322.6
Janata Dal110.9
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM)302.9
National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)38418.3
NTR Telugu Desam Party (Lakshmi Parvathi)301.2
--All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen111.5
Arunachal Pradesh **(2)**--Arunachal Congress**2****2****52.5**
Indian National Congress}}Indian National Congress2023.9
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)2021.7
Assam **(14)**Indian National Congress}}Indian National Congress**13****10****39.0**
National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)14124.5
--Asom Gana Parishad10012.7
--Autonomous State Demand Committee112.2
--United Minorities Front, Assam3110.46
--Independent4519.5
Bihar **(54)**National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)**32****20****24**
Samata Party211015.77
Indian National Congress}}Rashtriya Janata Dal381726.6
Indian National Congress1156.3
Third Front}}"Janata Dal2817.3
Communist Party of India (CPI)1503.4
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM)400.4
All India Forward Bloc (AIFB)100
--All India Rashtriya Janata Party310.9
Goa **(2)**Indian National Congress**2****2****31.6**
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)2030
[Gujarat](1998-indian-general-election-in-gujarat) **(26)**Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)**26****19****48.3**
Indian National Congress26738
[Haryana](1998-indian-general-election-in-haryana) **(10)**--Haryana Lok Dal (Rashtriya)**7****4****25.9**
Indian National Congress}}Indian National Congress10326.0
National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}Haryana Vikas Party4111.6
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)6118.9
--Bahujan Samaj Party317.7
Himachal Pradesh **(4)**Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)**4****3****51.4**
Indian National Congress}}Indian National Congress4141.9
--Himachal Vikas Congress403.6
[Jammu & Kashmir](1998-indian-general-election-in-jammu-and-kashmir) **(6)**--Jammu & Kashmir National Conference**6****3****36.4**
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)6228.6
Indian National Congress6119.2
Karnataka **(28)**National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)**18****13****26.9**
Lok Shakti10311.5
Indian National Congress28936.2
--Janata Dal28321.7
[Kerala](1999-indian-general-election-in-kerala) **(20)**Indian National Congress}}Indian National Congress**17****8****38.7**
Kerala Congress112.4
Muslim League Kerala State Committee225
Third Front}}"Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM)9621
Communist Party of India (CPI)428.3
Revolutionary Socialist Party112.7
Kerala Congress112.2
Janata Dal203.9
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)2008
Madhya Pradesh **(40)**Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)**40****30****45.7**
Indian National Congress401039.4
--Bahujan Samaj Party3508.7
Maharashtra **(48)**Indian National Congress}}Indian National Congress**41****33****43.6**
Republican Party of India444.1
Samajwadi Party201.5
National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}Shiv Sena22619.7
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)25422.5
Independent101.1
--Peasants And Workers Party of India210.9
Manipur **(2)**--Communist Party Of India (CPI)**2****1****20.5**
--Manipur State Congress Party**2****1****25.4**
National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)1012.6
Lok Shakti100.2
Orissa **(21)**National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}Biju Janata Dal**12****9****27.5**
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)9721.2
Indian National Congress}}Indian National Congress21541
Punjab **(13)**
National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}Shiromani Akali Dal**8****8****32.9**
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)3311.7
Janata Dal114.2
Independent113.8
Indian National Congress}}Indian National Congress8025.8
Communist Party of India (CPI)103.4
Bahujan Samaj Party4012.6
Rajasthan **(25)**Indian National Congress**25****18****44.5**
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)25541.7
--All India Indira Congress (Secular)911.9
--Independent5013.8
[Tamil Nadu](1999-indian-general-election-in-tamil-nadu) **(39)**
National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam**22****18****25.9**
Pattali Makkal Katchi546
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)536.9
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam536.3
Janata Party111.5
Independent113.62
Indian National Congress}}Indian National Congress3504.8
MGR Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam301.1
United Communist Party Of India100
Third Front}}"Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam16418.5
Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)19319.2
Communist Party Of India (CPI)212.5
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM)200.6
Uttar Pradesh **(85)**
National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)**82****57****36.5**
Samata Party220.8
Shiv Sena100.1
Indian National Congress7606
--Bahujan Samaj Party85420.9
--Samajwadi Party812028.7
--Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)110.5
--Independent49112.8
West Bengal **(42)**
Third Front}}"Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM)**32****24****35.4**
Communist Party Of India (CPI)333.6
Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP)444.5
All India Forward Bloc (AIFB)323.3
National Democratic Alliance (India)National Democratic Alliance}}All India Trinamool Congress (AITC)28724.1
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)14210.2
Indian National Congress (INC)39115.2

Support for the New Government

Political PartySeatsAlliance
Bharatiya Janata Party}}"Bharatiya Janata Party182
AIADMK}}"All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam18
Samata Party}}"Samata Party12
Biju Janata Dal}}"Biju Janata Dal9
Shiromani Akali Dal}}"Shiromani Akali Dal8
All India Trinamool Congress}}"All India Trinamool Congress7
Shiv Sena}}"Shiv Sena6
Pattali Makkal Katchi}}"Pattali Makkal Katchi4
Lok Shakti}}"Lok Shakti3
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}"Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam3
Janata Dal}}"Janata Dal
(out of 6 M.Ps)2
Arunachal Congress}}"Arunachal Congress2
Janata Party}}"Janata Party1
Haryana Vikas Party}}"Haryana Vikas Party1
Sikkim Democratic Front}}"Sikkim Democratic Front1
Tamizhaga Rajiv Congress}}"Tamizhaga Rajiv Congress
*(As Independent)*1
Manipur State Congress Party}}"Manipur State Congress Party1
Bahujan Samaj Morcha}}"Bahujan Samaj Morcha
*(As Independent)*1
Independent}}"Independent2
Telugu Desam Party}}"Telugu Desam Party12
Total**276**

Notes

References

References

  1. (29 November 1997). "Government Falls, Indian Premier Quits; Coalition Splits Amid Gandhi Assassination Debate". The Washington Post.
  2. "BJP's one-vote defeat in 1999 was narrowest in history". [[The Times of India]].
  3. (20 July 2018). "The 1999 No-Trust Motion That Former PM Vajpayee Lost by One Vote".
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