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1998 Hungarian parliamentary election
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| Field | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| election_name | 1998 Hungarian parliamentary election | |
| country | Hungary | |
| type | parliamentary | |
| ongoing | no | |
| previous_election | 1994 Hungarian parliamentary election | |
| previous_year | 1994 | |
| next_election | 2002 Hungarian parliamentary election | |
| next_year | 2002 | |
| seats_for_election | All 386 seats to the National Assembly | |
| majority_seats | 194 | |
| election_date | 10 May 1998 (first round) | |
| 24 May 1998 (second round) | ||
| turnout | 56.21% (first round) | |
| 57.01% (second round) | ||
| 1blank | 1R vote and % | |
| 2blank | 2R vote and % | |
| 3blank | Party vote | |
| 4blank | % and swing | |
| image1 | Viktor Orban 1990 (cropped).jpg | |
| leader1 | Viktor Orbán | |
| party1 | Fidesz | |
| leader_since1 | 18 April 1993 | |
| last_election1 | 20 seats, 7.02% | |
| seats1 | ||
| seat_change1 | 128 | |
| 1data1 | 956,008 (21.4%) | |
| 2data1 | 1,706,155 (37.8%) | |
| 3data1 | 1,340,826 | |
| 4data1 | 29.48% 22.46 pp | |
| image2 | [[File:Gyula Horn at the award ceremony of the Charlemagne Prize.jpg (cropped).jpg | 150x150px]] |
| leader2 | Gyula Horn | |
| party2 | Hungarian Socialist Party | |
| leader_since2 | 27 May 1990 | |
| last_election2 | 209 seats, 32.99% | |
| seats2 | ||
| seat_change2 | 75 | |
| 1data2 | **1,332,178 (29.8%)** | |
| 2data2 | **1,941,307 (43.0%)** | |
| 3data2 | **1,497,231** | |
| 4data2 | **32.92%** 0.07 pp | |
| image3 | Torgyán 1990 (cropped).jpg | |
| leader3 | József Torgyán | |
| party3 | Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party | |
| leader_since3 | 1991 | |
| last_election3 | 26 seats, 8.82% | |
| seats3 | ||
| seat_change3 | 22 | |
| 1data3 | 594,023 (13.3%) | |
| 2data3 | 275,857 (6.1%) | |
| 3data3 | 597,820 | |
| 4data3 | 13.15% 4.33 pp | |
| image4 | GaborKuncze (cropped).jpg | |
| leader4 | Gábor Kuncze | |
| party4 | Alliance of Free Democrats | |
| leader_since4 | 24 April 1997 | |
| last_election4 | 70 seats, 19.74% | |
| seats4 | ||
| seat_change4 | 46 | |
| 1data4 | 456,008 (10.2%) | |
| 2data4 | 139,504 (3.1%) | |
| 3data4 | 344,352 | |
| 4data4 | 7.57% 12.17 pp | |
| image5 | Lezsák Sándor cropped.jpg | |
| leader5 | Sándor Lezsák | |
| party5 | Hungarian Democratic Forum | |
| leader_since5 | 2 March 1996 | |
| last_election5 | 38 seats, 11.74% | |
| seats5 | ||
| seat_change5 | 21 | |
| 1data5 | 343,089 (7.7%) | |
| 2data5 | 356,891 (7.9%) | |
| 3data5 | 127,118 | |
| 4data5 | 2.80% 8.94 pp | |
| image6 | Csurka István 1989 (cropped).jpg | |
| leader6 | István Csurka | |
| party6 | Hungarian Justice and Life Party | |
| leader_since6 | 15 July 1993 | |
| last_election6 | 0 seats, 1.59% | |
| seats6 | ||
| seat_change6 | 14 | |
| 1data6 | 249,127 (5.6%) | |
| 2data6 | 28,608 (0.6%) | |
| 3data6 | 248,901 | |
| 4data6 | 5.47% 3.88 pp | |
| map_image | 1998 Hungarian parliamentary election - Results.svg | |
| map_size | 350px | |
| map_caption | Results of the election. Proportional list results are displayed in the top left. | |
| title | Government | |
| posttitle | Government after election | |
| before_election | Horn Government | |
| before_party | MSZP–SZDSZ | |
| after_election | First Orbán Government | |
| after_party | Fidesz–FKGP–MDF |
24 May 1998 (second round) 57.01% (second round)
Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary on 10 May 1998, with a second round of voting in 175 of the 176 single member constituencies on 24 May.
Although the Hungarian Socialist Party received the most votes, the then-liberal conservative Fidesz won the most seats. The successful breakthrough into parliament by the extreme right-wing Hungarian Justice and Life Party was also a major shock. After the election, Fidesz formed a centre-right coalition government with the Independent Smallholders Party and Hungarian Democratic Forum.
This was the last election since 1990 that all of the mandate gained parties ran separetaly and not as alliance in electoral lists.
Electoral system
The unicameral National Assembly (Országgyűlés), the highest organ of state authority, initiates and approves legislation sponsored by the prime minister. A party had to win at least 5% of the national vote (based on the total of regional list votes) to form a parliamentary faction. The National Assembly had 386 members, elected for a four-year term in a mixed system: 176 members in single-seat constituencies by a modified two-round system, 152 in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation (using territorial lists) and 58 members (using a national list) to realize semi-proportional representation.
Results
Party list results by county
| County | MSZP | Fidesz | FKGP | SZDSZ | MIÉP | MKM | MDF | KDNP | MDNP | Others | Fidesz}};" | Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party}};" | Alliance of Free Democrats}};" | Hungarian Workers' Party}};" | Hungarian Democratic Forum}};" | Hungarian Democratic People's Party}};" | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bács-Kiskun | 27.51 | **28.99** | 20.06 | 6.17 | 4.58 | 3.26 | 4.37 | 2.42 | 0.81 | 1.83 | ||||||||||||
| Baranya | **33.84** | 27.79 | 13.21 | 7.96 | 4.22 | 4.47 | 2.91 | 2.35 | 1.05 | 2.21 | ||||||||||||
| Békés | **29.97** | 25.24 | 20.40 | 6.38 | 4.01 | 5.90 | 2.75 | 1.85 | 0.76 | 2.74 | ||||||||||||
| Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén | **35.88** | 26.24 | 13.26 | 5.56 | 4.70 | 5.65 | 2.31 | 3.69 | 1.26 | 1.45 | ||||||||||||
| Budapest | **33.13** | 26.54 | 8.57 | 11.03 | 8.84 | 3.86 | 3.67 | 1.79 | 2.55 | - | ||||||||||||
| Csongrád | 28.57 | **31.35** | 15.72 | 7.14 | 4.58 | 4.13 | 3.43 | 2.01 | 1.04 | 2.03 | ||||||||||||
| Fejér | **35.12** | 30.09 | 12.74 | 7.01 | 4.22 | 3.61 | 2.69 | 1.95 | 1.11 | 1.46 | ||||||||||||
| Győr-Moson-Sopron | 30.87 | **34.29** | 11.97 | 6.98 | 4.59 | 2.55 | 3.00 | 2.85 | 1.49 | 1.42 | ||||||||||||
| *Hajdú-Bihar (first round, invalid)* | ***34.15*** | *28.01* | *14.99* | *5.89* | *6.74* | *3.54* | *2.71* | *2.56* | *-* | *1.40* | ||||||||||||
| Hajdú-Bihar (second round, valid) | 39.35 | **40.09** | 9.08 | 2.91 | 5.69 | 2.25 | - | 0.62 | - | - | ||||||||||||
| Heves | **34.96** | 23.76 | 12.50 | 8.08 | 6.07 | 6.44 | 2.77 | 3.55 | 1.30 | 0.58 | ||||||||||||
| Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok | **34.78** | 24.77 | 16.35 | 7.27 | 3.63 | 6.51 | 2.05 | 1.98 | 0.70 | 1.97 | ||||||||||||
| Komárom-Esztergom | **38.83** | 24.94 | 12.61 | 9.12 | 4.07 | 4.28 | 2.49 | 1.67 | 1.12 | 0.86 | ||||||||||||
| Nógrád | **32.17** | 27.21 | 10.80 | 5.53 | 2.92 | 10.42 | 2.57 | 4.88 | 1.02 | 2.47 | ||||||||||||
| Pest | **29.13** | 27.67 | 15.26 | 8.89 | 7.82 | 3.09 | 3.66 | 3.19 | 1.29 | - | ||||||||||||
| Somogy | **35.41** | 29.92 | 16.44 | 5.07 | 4.01 | 3.30 | 2.10 | 2.09 | 1.21 | 0.44 | ||||||||||||
| *Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg (first round, invalid)* | ***33.19*** | *24.61* | *19.53* | *5.36* | *2.70* | *3.25* | *3.39* | *3.45* | *0.73* | *3.80* | ||||||||||||
| Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg (second round, valid) | **40.32** | 37.55 | 12.67 | 3.19 | 2.51 | 2.24 | - | - | - | 1.51 | ||||||||||||
| Tolna | **33.03** | 29.61 | 13.72 | 6.68 | 3.01 | 3.07 | 3.55 | 4.29 | 0.90 | 2.13 | ||||||||||||
| Vas | 27.57 | **35.51** | 14.29 | 9.16 | 2.62 | 2.35 | 2.94 | 3.51 | 1.35 | 0.89 | ||||||||||||
| Veszprém | 28.69 | **35.03** | 13.43 | 7.48 | 4.14 | 3.03 | 3.13 | 2.29 | 1.61 | 1.18 | ||||||||||||
| Zala | 27.27 | **32.24** | 17.65 | 7.50 | 3.70 | 3.15 | 2.53 | 2.69 | 2.00 | 1.27 | ||||||||||||
| *Total (first round, including invalid)* | ***32.25*** | *28.18* | *13.78* | *7.88* | *5.55* | *4.08* | *3.12* | *2.59* | *1.40* | *1.19* | ||||||||||||
| Total after the second round | **32.92** | 29.48 | 13.15 | 7.57 | 5.47 | 3.95 | 2.80 | 2.31 | 1.34 | 1.01 |
Notes
References
References
- [[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p899 {{ISBN. 978-3-8329-5609-7
- Nohlen & Stöver, p926
- "Választás '98".
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