1995 Philippine House of Representatives elections

Electoral system

The House of Representatives shall have not more than 250 members, unless otherwise fixed by law, of which 20% shall be elected via the party-list system, while the rest are elected via congressional districts. In lieu of an enabling law in regards to the party-list system, sectoral representatives shall continued to be appointed by the president just like previously in the Batasang Pambansa for the first three congresses from the enactment of the constitution, which includes this congress.

In this election, there are 204 seats voted via first-past-the-post in single-member districts. Each province, and a city with a population of 250,000, is guaranteed a seat, with more populous provinces and cities divided into two or more districts.

Congress has the power of redistricting three years after each census.

Redistricting

Reapportioning (redistricting) the number of seats is either via national reapportionment three years after the release of every census, or via piecemeal redistricting for every province or city. National reapportionment has not happened since the 1987 constitution took effect, and aside from piecemeal redistricting, the apportionment was based on the ordinance from the constitution, which was in turn based from the 1980 census.

Changes from the previous Congresses

• Creation of Biliran and Guimaras provinces
  • The Local Government Code of 1991, enacted as Republic Act. No. 7160 mandates that all existing sub-provinces be made into provinces, having their own congressional representation.
  • Biliran, which was a sub-province of Leyte and included in its 3rd district, was then made into a province and became its own at-large district.
  • Guimaras, which was a sub-province of Iloilo and included in its 2nd district, was then made into a province and became its own at-large district.
  • Both approved in separate plebiscites on May 11, 1992.
• Creation of Sarangani province
  • The municipalities included in South Cotabato's 3rd district becomes the at-large district of the newly-created province of Sarangani
  • South Cotabato's 1st and 2nd districts were left intact.
  • Enacted into law as Republic Act. 7228.
  • Approved in a plebiscite on May 19, 1992.

Changes from the outgoing Congress

• Division of San Juan–Mandaluyong's at-large district to two districts
  • Mandaluyong attains cityhood and becomes its own at-large district.
  • San Juan becomes its own at-large district.
  • Enacted into law as Republic Act No. 7675.
  • Approved in a plebiscite on April 10, 1994.
• Reassignment of Benguet's two districts
  • Baguio (Benguet's 1st district) becomes its own at-large district.
  • Benguet (Benguet's 2nd district) becomes its own at-large district.

Summary of changes

As there were 218 seats from congressional districts, and since the constitution requires that there should be 1 party-list seat for every 4 seats from congressional districts, this means there were 53 party-list seats up for this election, or for a total of 270 seats.

Results

The administration party, Lakas–NUCD–UMDP (Lakas), forged an electoral agreement with Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (LDP, then known as Laban) to create the Lakas–Laban Coalition. Candidates from the Liberal Party and PDP–Laban also joined the administration coalition. On the other hand, Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC) led the opposition coalition that also composed of candidates from Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL), People's Reform Party (PRP) and Partido ng Masang Pilipino (PMP).

Per coalition

Definitions:

• Administration coalition: Ran solely under the banner of one of the following: Lakas–NUCD–UMDP, Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (Laban), Liberal Party, and PDP–Laban
• Opposition coalition: Ran solely under the banner of one of the following: Nationalist People's Coalition, Kilusang Bagong Lipunan, People's Reform Party, and Partido ng Masang Pilipino
• Others: Ran solely on other parties and coalitions not mentioned above
• Hybrid coalitions: Ran on any combinations of parties and coalitions mentioned above

Per party

References

Bibliography

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References

1. Quezon, Manuel III. (2007-06-06). "An abnormal return to normality". PCIJ.org.
2. Tiongson-Mayrina, Karen. (2016-02-02). "Is 'piecemeal' redistricting a questionable process?". [[GMA News Online]].