1994 kidnappings of western tourists in India

Background

A violent insurgency had been going on in Jammu and Kashmir since 1989. Kidnappings of foreign tourists had been attempted by Kashmiri Militants, most notably the attempt to kidnap seven Israelis in 1991. However, until this point the separatists had not kidnapped anybody outside of the disputed state.

Three of those kidnapped, Paul Benjamin Ridout and Christopher Miles Croston (both kidnapped on 16 October) and Rhys Partridge (Australian citizen of British heritage, kidnapped on 29 September), were from Great Britain and a fourth, Béla Nuss (kidnapped on 19 October), was an American citizen of Hungarian heritage from San Francisco, California; all were kidnapped at gunpoint.

Kidnapping

The tourists were all befriended by young British Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh who was a member of Harkat-ul-Ansar and pretending to be an Indian under the name "Rohit Sharma". He told them that his uncle had died and left a village for him. He then invited them to visit the village with him. The three Britons were taken to a village near Saharanpur and kept captive there by his associates. Béla Nuss was the last to be kidnapped and was kept in Ghaziabad just outside Delhi. The kidnappers demanded that the Indian government free ten militants imprisoned in Kashmir and threatened to behead their captives if the demand was not met.

Rescue

Béla Nuss was freed on 31 October by the police, while investigating a robbery, police came across the house where she was being kept captive. After information given to the police by Nuss about other hostages being held, police staked out the house, captured one of the drivers, and the interrogation of two terrorists, later arrested at the site, led them to the village of Saharanpur, where the Britons were being held captive. Omar Saeed was also captured and wounded when he had returned to the Ghaziabad house to talk to Nuss after being informed that he had stopped eating four days before. Two policemen and a militant were killed in a pre-dawn shoot-out at the second location on 1 November. All the tourists were freed unhurt.

Aftermath

Three Pakistani militants belonging to Harkat-ul-Ansar were given death sentences and three others life sentences by a Delhi court in April 2002 for their roles in the kidnapping, while Sheikh's charges had been dropped in exchange for his release.

Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh was incarcerated in Tihar Jail and stayed in prison till December 1999 when he was released in exchange for the passengers aboard hijacked Indian Airlines Flight 814. He subsequently was alleged to be involved in the murder of Daniel Pearl. He was sentenced to death on 14 July 2002 in Pakistan. Under CIA interrogation Khalid Sheikh Mohammad confessed to being the one who personally wielded the blade that killed Daniel Pearl.

In popular culture

The kidnapping was the subject of a 2008 episode of the television series, Kidnapped Abroad. The Indian film Omerta (2017 film) is based on this kidnapping and Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh.

Notes

References

References

1. [https://cisac.fsi.stanford.edu/mappingmilitants/profiles/harakat-ul-mujahedeen Harakat-ul-Mujahedeen]. [[Center for International Security and Cooperation]]. [[Foreign Service Institute]]. [[Stanford University]].
2. "Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh".
3. Rath, Saroj Kumar. (2020). "Ilyas Kashmiri through the Prism of HuJI, HuA, HuM, JeM, Brigade 313 and al Qaeda". SSRN Electronic Journal.
4. (16 July 2002). "The English Islamic Terrorist.". The Scotsman.
5. Dugger, Celia W.. (8 February 2002). "A NATION CHALLENGED: A SUSPECT; Confession in 1994 Case Evokes Pearl Abduction". The New York Times.
6. [https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/28/world/kashmir-rebels-kill-israeli-tourist-marking-new-phase-in-conflict.html?exprod=permalink&sec=travel&partner=permalink Kashmir Rebels Kill Israeli Tourist, Marking New Phase in Conflict], ''[[The New York Times]]'', 1991-06-28
7. [https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/02/world/indian-police-free-3-britons-held-hostage.html?exprod=permalink&sec=travel&partner=permalink Indian Police Free 3 Britons Held Hostage], ''[[The New York Times]]'', 1994-11-02
8. "Incident Summary for GTDID: 199410160004".
9. "Incident Summary for GTDID: 199409290011".
10. "Incident Summary for GTDID: 199410190005".
11. [https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/01/world/3-britons-and-1-american-freed-from-kashmiri-militants-in-india.html?exprod=permalink&partner=permalink 3 Britons and 1 American Freed From Kashmiri Militants in India], ''[[The New York Times]]'', 1994-11-01
12. [http://www.dawn.com/2002/02/15/int4.htm Briton recalls brush with ‘reluctant kidnapper’], ''[[Dawn (newspaper). Dawn]]'', 2002-02-15
13. [https://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/08/world/a-nation-challenged-a-suspect-confession-in-1994-case-evokes-pearl-abduction.html?exprod=permalink&partner=permalink A NATION CHALLENGED: A SUSPECT; Confession in 1994 Case Evokes Pearl Abduction], ''[[The New York Times]]'', 2002-02-08
14. [http://www.harpers.org/archive/2002/01/0079027 My big adventure], ''[[Harper's Magazine]]'', January 2002
15. PTI. (27 April 2002). "3 Harkat militants awarded death sentence". [[Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd.]].
16. (28 April 2002). "3 Pakistanis sentenced to death". [[The Hindu]].
17. (16 February 2002). "Tihar — base of Islamic radicals?". [[The Tribune (Chandigarh).
18. (15 July 2002). "Omar Sheikh sentenced to death in Pearl murder case". [[Rediff.com]].
19. Burger, Timothy J.. (12 October 2006). "Fingering Danny Pearl's Killer". [[Time Inc.]].
20. "Omerta".