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1993 Lithuanian presidential election

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Field	Value
country	Lithuania
flag_year	1988
type	presidential
next_election	1997–98 Lithuanian presidential election
next_year	1997–98
election_date	14 February 1993
image1	Algirdas Mykkolas Brazauskas, Litauens statsminster, under det Nordiskt-Baltiska statsministermotet i Reykjavik 2005-10-24.jpg
nominee1	Algirdas Brazauskas
party1	Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania
popular_vote1	1,212,075
percentage1	61.06%
image2	Lozoraitis Jr.png
nominee2	Stasys Lozoraitis Jr.
party2	Independent politician
popular_vote2	772,922
percentage2	38.94%
title	President
before_election	Algirdas Brazauskas (acting)
before_party	Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania
after_election	Algirdas Brazauskas
after_party	Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania

Presidential elections were held in Lithuania on 14 February 1993. They were the first presidential elections under the new October 1992 constitution and the first direct presidential elections in the country's history.

Acting president Algirdas Brazauskas, the former first secretary of the Communist Party of Lithuania and leader of the Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania (LDDP), won over 60% of the vote, enough to win without a runoff. The runner up was Stasys Lozoraitis Jr., an independent candidate endorsed by the Sąjūdis movement and other political parties. These presidential elections had fewest number of candidates up to date.

By-elections to several municipal councils were held on the same day.

Campaign

Under Brazauskas' leadership, the LDDP had won 73 out of 141 seats in the Seimas in the 1992 parliamentary elections. Brazauskas was subsequently appointed as Speaker, and by virtue of that position, also became acting president. Based on the success of the LDDP in the parliamentary elections, Brazauskas was considered favorite for the presidential elections.

The Social Democratic Party of Lithuania proposed poet Justinas Marcinkevičius as a unity candidate against Brazauskas, but Marcinkevičius refused, stating that he was not a politician. Vytautas Landsbergis, leader of the pro-independence Sąjūdis movement, withdrew his candidacy in support of Stasys Lozoraitis Jr.,

The campaign was limited to three weeks. Lozoraitis stressed his experience in complex foreign affairs.

Opinion polls

Pollster	Fieldwork date	Sample size	Brazauskas
LDDP	Lozoraitis Jr.
Ind.	Others
Undecided	Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania}};"		Independent}};"		Miscellaneous}};"
FSTI	19–20 January 1993	−	57%	29%	14%
LTV	6–14 January 1993	−	51%	26%	23%

Results

Brazauskas received a majority of the vote everywhere except Kaunas, and did particularly well in areas inhabited by the Russian and Polish minorities. This allowed him to win the presidency in a single round; his 61 percent vote share exceeded the 50 percent threshold required to avoid a runoff.

Aftermath

The inauguration ceremony took place on 25 February. In May 1993, just a few months after the elections, Brazauskas recalled Lozoraitis as ambassador to the United States despite criticism of politicizing the issue.

References

[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1201 {{ISBN. 978-3-8329-5609-7
Vardys, Vytas Stanley. (1997). "Lithuania: The Rebel Nation". WestviewPress.
(November 30, 2018). "Puslapis nerastas".
Popescu, Marina. (12 December 2002). "1992 Parliamentary Elections". [[University of Essex]].
(18 April 2021). ""Stasy, mes rinkimų nelaimėsim": kodėl pirmuoju prezidentu Lietuva išrinko komunistą Brazauską?".
Lieven, Anatol. (1994). "The Baltic revolution: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the path to independence". Yale University Press.
Kašauskienė, Vanda. (2007). "Lietuvos Respublikos Vyriausybės. Jų kaita ir veiklos bruožai 1990–2007". Gairės.
Ashbourne, Alexandra. (1999). "Lithuania: the rebirth of a nation, 1991–1994". Lexington Books.

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