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1992 South Korean presidential election

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Field	Value
country	Republic of Korea
flag_year	1984
type	presidential
previous_election	1987 South Korean presidential election
previous_year	1987
election_date	18 December 1992
next_election	1997 South Korean presidential election
next_year	1997
turnout	81.89% ( 7.26pp)
image1	Kim Young-sam presidential portrait (3x4 cropped).jpg
nominee1	Kim Young-sam
party1	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)
popular_vote1	9,977,332
percentage1	41.96%
image2	Kim Dae-jung presidential portrait.jpg
nominee2	Kim Dae-jung
party2	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1991)
popular_vote2	8,041,284
percentage2	33.82%
image4	Chung Ju-yung (Cropped).jpg
nominee4	Chung Ju-yung
party4	Unification National
popular_vote4	3,880,067
percentage4	16.32%
image5	박찬종 (cropped).jpg
nominee5	Park Chan-jong
party5	New Political Reform Party
popular_vote5	1,516,047
percentage5	6.38%
map	{{Switcher
title	President
before_election	Roh Tae-woo
before_party	Independent (politician)
after_election	Kim Young-sam
after_party	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)

| [[File:1992 Republic of Korea Presidential Election, Municipal-level divisions.svg|300px]] | Results by municipal-level divisions | [[File:1992 Republic of Korea Presidential Election, Provincial-level divisions.svg|300px]] | Results by provincial-level divisions

Presidential elections were held in South Korea on 18 December 1992, the second democratic presidential elections since the end of military rule in 1987. Voter turnout was 81.9%.

In the first regular presidential election with no military candidates since 1960, Kim Young-sam of the ruling Democratic Liberal Party won with 42 percent of the vote.

Background

Main article: Presidential elections in South Korea#Procedure (1987–present)

On 22 January 1990 two opposition leaders Kim Young-sam and Kim Jong-pil merged their parties into the ruling party Democratic Justice Party to form the Democratic Liberal Party, led by President Roh Tae-woo. Before they merged, Roh's party did not have a majority in the National Assembly. After they merged, they had over a two-thirds majority, which could pass bills without any obstruction from the opposition. Roh could not run for re-election due to the constitution limiting the president to a single five-year term.

Kim Dae-jung, an opponent in the 1987 election who finished third behind Kim Young-sam and Roh Tae-woo ran again in 1992. Hyundai businessman Chung Ju-yung also ran in the election.

Nominations

Democratic Liberal Party

The Democratic Liberal Party national convention was held on 19 May at the Olympic Gymnastics Arena. Nine-term lawmaker from Busan Kim Young-sam won the nomination, defeating four-term lawmaker from Seoul Lee Jong-chan, who did not concede and ran as a third party candidate. Lee Jong-chan withdrew his campaign and endorsed RNP nominee Chung Ju-yung in December.

Candidate	Delegates	%
Kim Young-sam	4,418	66.34
Lee Jong-chan	2,214	33.24
Invalid/blank votes	28	0.42
Total	6,660	100%
Abstentions	222	3.23

Democratic Party

The Democratic National Convention was held from 25 to 26 May at the Olympic Fencing Gymnasium. At the convention, Kim Dae-jung, 6-term lawmaker from South Jeolla, defeated Lee Ki-taek, 7-term lawmaker from Busan, and won the nomination.

Of 2,426 delegates present at the convention, 1,443 had been from Kim's faction and only 983 from Lee's, so Kim was thought as the presumptive nominee even before the convention began.

Candidate	Delegates	%
Kim Dae-jung	1,413	60.18
Lee Ki-taek	925	39.40
Invalid/blank votes	10	0.43
Total	2,338	100%

Unification National Party

At the UNP National Convention held on 15 May at the KOEX in Seoul, Chung Ju-yung was nominated for president by a yay-nay rising vote.

Candidate	Delegates	%
For Chung Ju-yung	1,727	99.37
Against	7	0.40
Abstention	4	0.23

Results

The right-wing conservative Democratic Liberal Party presidential candidate Kim Young-Sam won the presidential election, defeating opposition Democratic Party leader Kim Dae-Jung, marking the third time he had lost a presidential election. Kim later announced his retirement from politics.

The conservative ruling party won the election continued to govern until 1997 when Kim Dae-Jung won the next presidential election.

By province and city

Province/City	Kim Young-sam	Kim Dae-jung	Chung Ju-yung	Baek Gi-wan	Kim Ok-sun	Lee Byeong-ho	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Party (South Korea, 1991)}}"		Unification National Party}}"		New Political Reform Party}}"		Independent}}"
Seoul	2,167,298	36.41	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1991)}}"	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1991)}}"		1,070,629	17.99	381,535	6.41	67,784	1.14	13,098	0.22	4,797	0.08
Busan	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	265,055	12.53	133,907	6.33	139,004	6.57	21,736	1.03	3,236	0.15	978	0.05
Daegu	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	90,641	7.83	224,642	19.40	136,037	11.75	12,772	1.10	2,753	0.24	1,103	0.10
Incheon	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	338,538	31.75	228,505	21.43	84,211	7.90	12,455	1.17	3,867	0.36	1,351	0.13
Gwangju	14,504	2.13	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1991)}}"	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1991)}}"		8,085	1.19	2,827	0.42	1,565	0.23	1,149	0.17	133	0.02
Daejeon	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	165,067	28.74	133,646	23.27	64,526	11.23	5,772	1.00	2,294	0.40	961	0.17
Gyeonggi	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	1,103,498	31.97	798,356	23.13	239,140	6.93	36,392	1.05	13,685	0.40	6,299	0.18
Gangwon	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	127,265	15.52	279,610	34.09	56,199	6.85	9,599	1.17	4,007	0.49	3,047	0.37
North Chungcheong	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	191,743	26.05	175,767	23.88	68,900	9.36	8,671	1.18	4,568	0.62	4,844	0.66
South Chungcheong	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	271,921	28.55	240,400	25.24	64,117	6.73	10,185	1.07	9,899	1.04	4,143	0.43
North Jeolla	63,175	5.68	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1991)}}"	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1991)}}"		35,923	3.23	9,320	0.84	4,232	0.38	7,130	0.64	1,087	0.10
South Jeolla	53,360	4.20	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1991)}}"	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1991)}}"		26,686	2.10	7,210	0.57	3,311	0.26	8,010	0.63	1,048	0.08
North Gyeongsang	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	147,440	9.63	240,646	15.71	124,858	8.15	17,664	1.15	6,240	0.41	3,365	0.22
South Gyeongsang	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	193,373	9.24	241,135	11.52	115,086	5.50	22,863	1.09	5,070	0.24	2,020	0.10
Jeju	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	85,889	32.92	42,130	16.15	23,077	8.85	3,647	1.40	1,286	0.49	563	0.22
Total	Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"		Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	8,041,284	33.82	3,880,067	16.32	1,516,047	6.38	238,648	1.00	86,292	0.36	35,729	0.15
Source: [National Election Committee](http://info.nec.go.kr/)

References

Croissant, Aurel. "Electoral Politics in South Korea". Friedrich Ebert Foundation.
(19 May 1992). "민자당 차기 대통령후보로 김영삼후보 결정[엄기영]".
link. [[Maeil Business Newspaper]]
link. 엄. 기영,백지연. (15 May 1992)

Info: Wikipedia Source

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