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1991 NSWRL season

Rugby league competition


Rugby league competition

FieldValue
year1991
competitionNew South Wales Rugby League
teams16
premiersPenrith
count1st
minor premiersPenrith
mpcount1st
matches183
points6376
avg_attendance13,187
attendance2,413,218
top point scorer[[File:North Sydney colours.svg16x16px]] Daryl Halligan (196)
top try scorer[[File:Illawarra colours.svg16x16px]] Alan McIndoe (19)
MVPEwan McGrady
MVP_linkRothmans Medal
wooden_spoonGold Coast
Seagulls
wooden_spoon_count1st
prevseason_link1990 NSWRL season
prevseason_year1990
nextseason_link1992 NSWRL season
nextseason_year1992

Seagulls](gold-coast-seagulls)

The 1991 NSWRL season was the eighty-fourth season of professional rugby league football in Australia. This year the New South Wales Rugby League experimented with a draft system for the first time. Sixteen clubs competed for the J J Giltinan Shield and Winfield Cup premiership during the season, which culminated in a replay of the previous year's grand final between the Canberra Raiders and the Penrith Panthers.

Season summary

The 1991 New South Wales Rugby League season started with controversy. For the first time a draft system which had been developed was put into operation. The draft allowed teams to recruit players on a roster system based on where the club finished the previous year. It ran in reverse order with the wooden spooners getting first choice and the premiers last. The draft lasted just the one season before being defeated in the courts by players and coaches opposed to its limitations.{{cite book

In 22 rounds of regular season football which lasted from March till August, eventual premiers Penrith won 17 games, drew one and lost only four. The Panthers finished on 35 premiership points and took their first minor premiership ahead of Manly and Norths (both 29 points), Canberra on 28 with Wests sneaking in on 27 points after beating Canterbury 19–14 in a play off.

On 24 July it was revealed that the Canberra Raiders had substantially breached their $1.5 million salary cap for 1991.{{cite news | access-date = 22 April 2010}}

The record for attendance at a match at Campbelltown Stadium was set this season with a crowd figure of 21,527 for a game between Western Suburbs and St. George. Also this season the NSWRL took a match between St. George and Balmain to the Adelaide Oval and it was met with success as 28,884 spectators (the highest non-finals attendance of the season) turned out for the game on a cold and wet Friday night in June. The game was taken to Adelaide not only for the NSWRL to expand into traditional Australian Rules Football strongholds, but also as the Dragons long time major sponsor Penfolds is an Adelaide-based company.

The 1991 season's Rothmans Medal was awarded to Canterbury-Bankstown's Ewan McGrady, who was also named as Rugby League Week's player of the year. The Dally M Award was won by St. George's Michael Potter, the first to do so.

Teams

The number of teams competing remained unchanged for the third consecutive year, with sixteen clubs contesting the premiership, including five inner Sydney-based foundation teams, another six from greater Sydney, two from greater New South Wales, two from Queensland, and one from the Australian Capital Territory.{{cite news | access-date = 2009-10-22}}

**Penrith
Panthers**[[File:Penrith Jersey 1991.png100pxcenter]]**South Sydney
Rabbitohs**[[File:South Sydney Jersey 1986.png100pxcenter]]**St. George
Dragons**[[File:St George Jersey 1984.png100pxcenter]]**Western Suburbs
Magpies**[[File:Western Suburbs Jersey 1984.png100pxcenter]]

Advertising

1991 again saw the NSWRL use Tina Turner's 1989 version of "The Best" in their advertising. The league's ad agency Hertz Walpole had sufficient extra footage from her 1990 visit to Sydney to add fresh images of Tina to other recent shots of the 1990 finals series and 1991 pre-season training images.

The finished 1991 ad in its full length version shows Tina performing the song in the glamorous surroundings of Boomerang, a palatial harbour-side Sydney mansion. She climbs the Sydney Harbour Bridge and a spectacular final helicopter pull-back shot shows her belting out the anthem from the apex of the bridge. In those days before public access via the commercial BridgeClimb operation this image was as fantastic notionally as it was visually.

Regular season

Team12345678910111213141516171819202122F1F2F3F4GFTeam12345678910111213141516171819202122F1F2F3F4GF
Balmain Tigers**CBY
−10**CRO
−40NEW
0**EAS
−9**ILA
−3PEN
−14SOU
−5PAR
−1**BRI
+10**NOR
−10**GCS
+8**WES
+13**MAN
+16**STG
−14**CAN
−20**CBY
−2**CRO
+14****NEW
+9**EAS
+18**ILA
+10**PEN
−29**SOU
−2**
Brisbane Broncos**MAN
+10**STG
−8**CAN
+14**PAR
+13NOR
−5**GCS
+26**WES
−1**EAS
−8**BAL
−10**CRO
+38****CBY
−2**SOU
+16**PEN
+8**ILA
−17NEW
+10MAN
−26**STG
−2**CAN
+10**PAR
+24****NOR
+38**GCS
+2**WES
+14**
Canberra RaidersNOR
−5**PAR
+38**BRI
−14**GCS
+2**WES
−12**MAN
−34**STG
+16**CRO
+16****CBY
+2**SOU
−8**PEN
+20**ILA
−7NEW
+12**EAS
−8**BAL
+20**NOR
+16**PAR
+14**BRI
−10**GCS
+6**WES
+28**MAN
+1**STG
+32**XWES
+14MAN
+8NOR
+16PEN
−7
Canterbury-Bankstown BulldogsBAL
+10**EAS
+10**ILA
−40**PEN
−20**SOU
−7**NEW
+28**CRO
0**STG
+10**CAN
−2**PAR
+18**BRI
+2**NOR
+9**GCS
+4**WES
−9**MAN
−10**BAL
+2**EAS
−20**ILA
+7**PEN
−4**SOU
+38**NEW
+14**CRO
+10****WES
−5**
Cronulla-Sutherland SharksNEW
−20**BAL
+40**EAS
−4**ILA
0**PEN
−7**SOU
+14****CBY
0**CAN
−16**PAR
−10**BRI
−38**NOR
−9**GCS
+4**WES
−2**MAN
0**STG
+2****NEW
+8**BAL
−14**EAS
+34**ILA
−38**PEN
+2**SOU
+7CBY
−10
Eastern Suburbs Roosters**SOU
−6**CBY
−10**CRO
+4**BAL
+9NEW
0**ILA
−21**PEN
−26BRI
+8**NOR
+2**GCS
+26**WES
+8**MAN
−8**STG
−14**CAN
+8**PAR
−22****SOU
+2****CBY
+20**CRO
−34**BAL
−18****NEW
−10**ILA
−34**PEN
−34**
Gold Coast Seagulls**WES
−6**MAN
−18**STG
0**CAN
−2**PAR
+8**BRI
−26**NOR
−10**ILA
−42NEW
+4**EAS
−26**BAL
−8**CRO
−4****CBY
−4**SOU
−16**PEN
−26**WES
−14**MAN
−4**STG
−8**CAN
−6**PAR
−20**BRI
−2**NOR
−22
Illawarra Steelers**PEN
−22**SOU
+18**CBY
+40**CRO
0**BAL
+3**EAS
+21NEW
−14**GCS
+42**WES
−1**MAN
+14**STG
−8**CAN
+7**PAR
−2**BRI
+17**NOR
−22PEN
−6**SOU
+12**CBY
−7**CRO
+38**BAL
−10**EAS
+34****NEW
+6**
Manly Warringah Sea EaglesBRI
−10**GCS
+18**WES
+4**NOR
+4****STG
+3**CAN
+34**PAR
+12**SOU
+9**PEN
−24**ILA
−14NEW
−1**EAS
+8**BAL
−16**CRO
0****CBY
+10****BRI
+26**GCS
+4**WES
−1**NOR
+15STG
+2**CAN
−1**PAR
+10X**NOR
−12****CAN
−8**
Newcastle Knights**CRO
+20**PEN
0**BAL
0**SOU
+10**EAS
0**CBY
−28**ILA
+14**NOR
−15**GCS
−4**WES
−29**MAN
+1**STG
−8**CAN
−12**PAR
−30**BRI
−10**CRO
−8**PEN
−14**BAL
−9**SOU
+16**EAS
+10**CBY
−14**ILA
−6
North Sydney Bears**CAN
+5**WES
+3**PAR
+14**MAN
−4**BRI
+5****STG
+7**GCS
+10**NEW
+15**EAS
−2**BAL
+10**CRO
+9CBY
−9**SOU
+2**PEN
−8**ILA
+22**CAN
−16**WES
+4**PAR
+6**MAN
−15**BRI
−38STG
0**GCS
+22**XMAN
+12PEN
−2**CAN
−16**
Parramatta Eels**STG
−26**CAN
−38NOR
−14**BRI
−13**GCS
−8**WES
−35**MAN
−12**BAL
+1**CRO
+10CBY
−18**SOU
−8**PEN
−6**ILA
+2****NEW
+30**EAS
+22STG
−28**CAN
−14****NOR
−6**BRI
−24**GCS
+20**WES
−8**MAN
−10**
Penrith PanthersILA
+22**NEW
0****SOU
+14**CBY
+20**CRO
+7****BAL
+14****EAS
+26****WES
−4**MAN
+24**STG
+2**CAN
−20**PAR
+6**BRI
−8**NOR
+8**GCS
+26**ILA
+6**NEW
+14SOU
+11**CBY
+4**CRO
−2**BAL
+29**EAS
+34XX**NOR
+2**X**CAN
+7**
South Sydney RabbitohsEAS
+6**ILA
−18**PEN
−14**NEW
−10****CBY
+7**CRO
−14**BAL
+5****MAN
−9**STG
−24**CAN
+8**PAR
+8**BRI
−16**NOR
−2**GCS
+16**WES
−2EAS
−2ILA
−12**PEN
−11**NEW
−16CBY
−38**CRO
−7**BAL
+2
St. George DragonsPAR
+26**BRI
+8**GCS
0**WES
+2**MAN
−3NOR
−7**CAN
−16**CBY
−10**SOU
+24**PEN
−2**ILA
+8****NEW
+8**EAS
+14**BAL
+14**CRO
−2**PAR
+28**BRI
+2**GCS
+8**WES
0**MAN
−2****NOR
0**CAN
−32
Western Suburbs MagpiesGCS
+6**NOR
−3****MAN
−4**STG
−2**CAN
+12**PAR
+35**BRI
+1**PEN
+4**ILA
+1****NEW
+29**EAS
−8**BAL
−13**CRO
+2CBY
+9**SOU
+2****GCS
+14**NOR
−4MAN
+1**STG
0**CAN
−28**PAR
+8**BRI
−14CBY
+5**CAN
−14**

Bold – Home game

X – Bye

Opponent for round listed above margin

Ladder

TeamPldWDLPFPAPDPts
1** Penrith (P)**221714483250+233
2[[File:Manly Sea Eagles colours.svg16x16px]] Manly221417391299+92
3[[File:North Sydney colours.svg16x16px]] North Sydney221417345303+42
4[[File:Canberra colours.svg16x16px]] Canberra221408452327+125
5[[File:Canterbury colours.svg16x16px]] Canterbury221318424374+50
6[[File:Western Suburbs colours.svg16x16px]] Western Suburbs221318359311+48
7[[File:Brisbane colours.svg16x16px]] Brisbane221309470326+144
8[[File:Illawarra colours.svg16x16px]] Illawarra221219451291+160
9[[File:St. George colours.svg16x16px]] St. George221138388320+68
10[[File:Cronulla colours.svg16x16px]] Cronulla228311384441-57
11[[File:Eastern Suburbs colours.svg16x16px]] Eastern Suburbs229112337487-150
12[[File:Balmain colours.svg16x16px]] Balmain228113351412-61
13[[File:Newcastle colours.svg16x16px]] Newcastle226313308424-116
14[[File:South Sydney colours.svg16x16px]] South Sydney227015370513-143
15[[File:Parramatta colours.svg16x16px]] Parramatta226016351534-183
16Gold Coast222119240492-252

Ladder progression

  • Numbers highlighted in green indicate that the team finished the round inside the top 5.
  • Numbers highlighted in blue indicates the team finished first on the ladder in that round.
  • Numbers highlighted in red indicates the team finished last place on the ladder in that round.
Team12345678910111213141516171819202122
1Penrith Panthers2357911131315171719192123252729313133
2Manly Warringah Sea Eagles0246810121414141416161719212323252727
3North Sydney Bears2466810121414161818202022222426262627
4Canberra Raiders0224446810101212141416182020222426
5Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs244446799111315171717191921212325
6Western Suburbs Magpies22224681012141414161820222224252527
7Brisbane Broncos224668888101012141416161618202224
8Illawarra Steelers02457991111131315151717171919212123
9St. George Dragons24577777991113151717192123242425
10Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks0223356666688911131315151719
11Eastern Suburbs Roosters002455579111313131515171919191919
12Balmain Tigers00111111335799991113151717
13Newcastle Knights23467799991111111111111111131515
14South Sydney Rabbitohs22224466681010101212121212121212
15Parramatta Eels0000000244446810101010101212
16Gold Coast Seagulls001133335555555555555

Finals

HomeScoreAwayMatch InformationDate and TimeVenueRefereeCrowd
**Playoff**
[[File:Canterbury colours.svg23x23px]] Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs14–19[[File:Western Suburbs colours.svg23x23px]] Western Suburbs Magpies27 August 1991Parramatta StadiumBill Harrigan17,022
**Preliminary Semi-finals**
[[File:Canberra colours.svg23x23px]] Canberra Raiders22–8[[File:Western Suburbs colours.svg23x23px]] Western Suburbs Magpies31 August 1991Sydney Football StadiumEddie Ward24,792
[[File:Manly Sea Eagles colours.svg23x23px]] Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles16–28[[File:North Sydney colours.svg23x23px]] North Sydney Bears1 September 1991Sydney Football StadiumBill Harrigan32,878
**Semi-finals**
[[File:Manly Sea Eagles colours.svg23x23px]] Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles26–34[[File:Canberra colours.svg23x23px]] Canberra Raiders7 September 1991Sydney Football StadiumBill Harrigan34,707
Penrith Panthers16–14[[File:North Sydney colours.svg23x23px]] North Sydney Bears8 September 1991Sydney Football StadiumEddie Ward38,635
**Preliminary final**
[[File:North Sydney colours.svg23x23px]] North Sydney Bears14–30[[File:Canberra colours.svg23x23px]] Canberra Raiders15 September 1991Sydney Football StadiumBill Harrigan39,665
**Grand final**
Penrith Panthers19-12[[File:Canberra colours.svg23x23px]] Canberra Raiders22 September 1991Sydney Football StadiumBill Harrigan41,815

Chart

| RD1-seed1=2 | RD1-team1= Manly | RD1-score1=16 | RD1-seed2=3 | RD1-team2= North Sydney | RD1-score2=28

| RD1-seed3=4 | RD1-team3= Penrith | RD1-score3=22 | RD1-seed4=5 | RD1-team4= Western Suburbs | RD1-score4=8

| RD2-seed1=1 | RD2-team1= Penrith | RD2-score1=16 | RD2-seed2= | RD2-team2= North Sydney | RD2-score2=14

| RD2-seed3= | RD2-team3= Manly | RD2-score3=26 | RD2-seed4= | RD2-team4= Penrith | RD2-score4=34

| RD3-seed1= | RD3-team1= North Sydney | RD3-score1=14 | RD3-seed2= | RD3-team2= Canberra | RD3-score2=30

| RD4-seed1= | RD4-team1= Penrith | RD4-score1=198 | RD4-seed2= | RD4-team2= Penrith | RD4-score2=120

Grand final

On the sunny afternoon of Sunday, 22 September the Sydney Football Stadium was packed to capacity with a crowd of 41,815 for the rematch of the previous season's grand final, and Canberra's third in a row. The day also featured a tribute to the original 'Gladiators', Norm Provan and Arthur Summons on the Winfield Cup trophy's 10th anniversary (in the 50th grand final played) as well as a rendition of the national anthem by Anthony Warlow. The game was broadcast live on television throughout Australia by Channel Ten with match commentary by Graeme Hughes, Bill Anderson and Wayne Pearce. This would be Ten's final rugby league broadcast, as the Nine Network took over the rights the following season.

Penrith PanthersPositionCanberra Raiders
1 Greg BarwickFB1 Gary Belcher
2 Graham MackayWG2 Paul Martin
3 Brad FittlerCE3 Mal Meninga (c)
4 Col BentleyCE4 Mark Bell
5 Paul SmithWG5 Matthew Wood
6 Steve Carter5/8th6 Laurie Daley
7 Greg Alexander (c)HB7 Ricky Stuart
8 Paul ClarkePR8 Brent Todd
9 Royce SimmonsHK9 Steve Walters
10 Paul DunnPR10 Glenn Lazarus
11 Mark GeyerSR11 David Barnhill
12 Barry WalkerSR12 Gary Coyne
13 Colin van der VoortLF13 Bradley Clyde
15 John CartwrightInt.16 Scott Gale
16 Brad IzzardInt.19 Michael Twigg
Int.40 Darren Fritz
Phil GouldCoachTim Sheens

1st half

Referee Bill Harrigan blew time on and the Penrith side kicked off. Around seven minutes later when Penrith had made their way into good field position, their hooker Royce Simmons received the ball about ten metres from the try-line and ran it, stepping and spinning his way past several defenders to score a great individual try, his first of the season. Penrith captain Greg Alexander kicked the conversion for his side to lead 6–0. Shortly after that Canberra's half-back Ricky Stuart got the ball a few metres into Penrith's half and kicked over to the open left corner of the field where his winger, Matthew Wood was racing through to grab the bouncing ball and dive over in the corner to score. Meninga's conversion attempt missed so the Penrith side held their lead at 6–4. The scores were levelled a few minutes later though when Alexander appeared to be trying to put his knees into Meninga as he tackled him, drawing a penalty, which Canberra captain successfully kicked to make it 6-6. Meninga later opted to take the kick when awarded another penalty inside Penrith's half, but missed. Soon after that Canberra had the ball on the right wing around half way and swung it through the hands out to the left where their lock forward Bradley Clyde made a break and passed it on to Wood to again cross in the corner for his second try. Meninga's kick was wide again so the Raiders were leading 6-10.

The contest continued to be played from end to end of the field. In the final minutes of the first half, during one of Canberra's attacking raids they got another penalty and Matthew Wood took the kick, getting another two points for his side to lead 6-12 going into the break. The Raiders lead could have easily been 18-6 had Penrith winger Graham Mackay not pulled off a great try-saving tackle only metres from the line on his opposite number Paul Martin close to half-time. The half-time score replicated the position of the two teams at the same point in the previous year's decider.

2nd half

Early in the second half Canberra were penalised for stripping in their own half of the field and Alexander took the kick at goal but missed. Then as the Canberra side were trying to work the ball away from their goal-line, they knocked on, with Penrith winger Paul Smith getting the ball and diving over in the corner. However referee Bill Harrigan called the play back after touch judge Martin Weekes reported that Canberra's Mark Bell had been taken out with a swinging arm. Penrith forward Mark Geyer's reaction to the ruling prompted Harrigan to send him to the sin bin for ten minutes. Later the Penrith club appeared certain to score from close range through Brad Izzard but Canberra's lone defender Laurie Daley stripped the ball in a one-on-one tackle.

Penrith's unsuccessful scoring opportunities continued until finally, after working the ball up to the opposition's half, they kept it alive on the third tackle till Brad Izzard broke free from over twenty metres out and ran to the try-line to touch down behind the uprights. The scores were brought level at 12 all when Alexander kicked the extra two points. With just under seven minutes of the match remaining, and again having worked the ball into Canberra's half of the field, Penrith on the fifth tackle passed it to Greg Alexander just past the forty-metre line to kick a field goal, getting his side a one-point lead at 13–12. Penrith continued to enjoy the majority of possession and field position, and when the Raiders attempted a short line drop-out Geyer got the bouncing ball in open space, passing it to 33-year-old Royce Simmons who scored in the corner, getting Penrith their first premiership in the last match of his career. Alexander kicked the conversion from the sideline so the final score was 19–12.

2nd: 13 - 0 Report Royce Simmons 2 Brad Izzard 1 Goals: Greg Alexander 3/5 Field Goals: Greg Alexander 1/1 10 Min. Sin Bin: Mark Geyer 1 Matthew Wood 2 Goals: Mal Meninga 1/4 Matthew Wood 1/1

Post match

Although MMI's unofficial man-of-the-match award went to Royce Simmons, the Governor of New South Wales Peter Sinclair awarded the Clive Churchill Medal to the losing side's Bradley Clyde, the second time that he won the prestigious award, having previously won the Clive Churchill medal in 1989. The Australian Prime Minister Bob Hawke then presented Penrith captain Greg Alexander with the Winfield Cup trophy as well as the J. J. Giltinan Shield. It was the Penrith Panthers' first premiership and their young coach, Phil Gould has rated his team's second half in this game as an example of a perfect half of football. After failing to follow their first half game plan and squandering an early lead, in the second half the Panthers played to a formula of taking the ball up for full sets of six tackles, with Alexander then expertly kicking for the corners and the whole side pinning Canberra down at their own end with committed defence.

World Club Challenge

Main article: 1991 World Club Challenge

Having won the premiership, the Panthers travelled to England to face the British Champions, Wigan in the 1991 World Club Challenge on 9 October at Anfield, Liverpool. Penrith were defeated 21-4 in front of 20,152 spectators.

Player statistics

The following statistics are as of the conclusion of Round 22. Top 5 point scorers

PointsPlayerTriesGoalsField goals172170155146140
Daryl Halligan12620
Matthew Ridge6722
Jason Taylor1735
Ricky Walford9550
Mal Meninga11480

Top 5 try scorers

TriesPlayer1915151313
Alan McIndoe
Graham Mackay
Steve Renouf
Paul Smith
Ewan McGrady

Top 5 goal scorers

GoalsPlayer7372625548
Jason Taylor
Matthew Ridge
Daryl Halligan
Ricky Walford
Mal Meninga

Attendances

The regular season attendances for the 1991 season aggregated to a total of 2,413,218 at an average of 13,188 per game.

The highest ten regular season match attendances:

CrowdVenueHome TeamOpponentRound28,88427,90426,16525,12624,46023,84923,80123,51822,68222,032
Adelaide OvalSt. George DragonsBalmain TigersRound 14
Marathon StadiumNewcastle KnightsBalmain TigersRound 3
Lang ParkBrisbane BroncosPenrith PanthersRound 13
Lang ParkBrisbane BroncosManly-Warringah Sea EaglesRound 1
Bruce StadiumCanberra RaidersSt. George DragonsRound 22
Lang ParkBrisbane BroncosGold Coast SeagullsRound 6
Lang ParkBrisbane BroncosCanberra RaidersRound 3
Marathon StadiumNewcastle KnightsEastern Suburbs RoostersRound 5
Marathon StadiumNewcastle KnightsBrisbane BroncosRound 15
North Sydney OvalNorth Sydney BearsManly-Warringah Sea EaglesRound 19

References

References

  1. "NRL Finals in the 1990s". sportal.com.au.
  2. [http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/seasons/NSWRL_1991/Grand_Final/Penrith-vs-Canberra/summary.html 1991 grand final] at rugbyleagueproject.org
  3. penrithpanthers]].com.au {{webarchive. link. (22 February 2011)
  4. raiders]].com.au {{webarchive. link. (22 August 2011)
  5. Stephens, Tony. (22 September 1991). "Roycie, the good guy who finished first". [[The Sydney Morning Herald]].
  6. [[Roy Masters (rugby league). (22 September 1991). "Panthers power to historic win". [[The Sydney Morning Herald]].
  7. MacDonald, John. (22 September 1991). "How Royce rolled the Raiders". [[The Sydney Morning Herald]].
  8. Sutton, Christopher. (29 September 2009). "My grand final: Greg Alexander relives Penrith v Canberra, 1991". [[Fox Sports (Australia).
  9. Danny, Weidler. (22 September 1991). "Harrigan also had a match - with Geyer". [[The Sydney Morning Herald]].
  10. Williams, Daniel. (22 September 1991). "Why losing and being beaten are not the same". [[The Sydney Morning Herald]].
  11. Heads, Ian. (22 September 1991). "Stuart could only watch Brandy's premier moment". [[The Sydney Morning Herald]].
  12. [[Warren Ryan]]. (22 September 1991). "A hunger that was fed". [[The Sydney Morning Herald]].
  13. [[Tom Keneally]]. (22 September 1991). "Panthers ask 'why not?' and erase chequered past". [[The Sydney Morning Herald]].
  14. [http://stats.rleague.com/rl/scorers/games/1991/199109220519.html 1991 grand final] {{webarchive. link. (4 February 2012 at stats.rleague.com)
  15. D'Souza, Miguel. "Grand Final History". [[Australian Associated Press]].
  16. (22 September 1991). "Vice Regal". [[The Sydney Morning Herald]].
  17. Burgess, Michael. (25 November 2008). "Long history of League controversies". [[tvnz]].co.nz.
  18. link. (28 March 2011)
  19. Chesterton ''Good As Gould'' p192
  20. [http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/seasons/nswrl-1991/venues.html 1991 NSWRL season - Venues]
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