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1986 Spanish NATO membership referendum

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Field	Value
name	1986 Spanish NATO membership referendum
title	The Government considers it convenient, for national interests, for Spain to remain in the Atlantic Alliance, and agrees that such permanence be established in the following terms: (1) Non-incorporation into NATO's military structure; (2) Prohibition on the installation, storage or entry of nuclear weapons on Spanish territory; (3) Gradual reduction of the United States' military presence in Spain. In your view, should Spain continue to be a member of the Atlantic Alliance subject to the terms agreed by the national Government?
date	12 March 1986
yes	9054509
no	6872421
total	17246452
electorate	29024494
map	SpainProvinceMapR1986.png
mapdivision	provinces
notes

A referendum on the Spanish NATO membership was held in Spain on Wednesday, 12 March 1986. Voters were asked whether they ratified the national Government's proposal for the country remaining a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which it had joined in 1982.

The question asked was "The Government considers it convenient, for national interests, for Spain to remain in the Atlantic Alliance, and agrees that such permanence be established in the following terms: (1) Non-incorporation into NATO's military structure; (2) Prohibition on the installation, storage or entry of nuclear weapons on Spanish territory; (3) Gradual reduction of the United States' military presence in Spain. Question: In your view, should Spain continue to be a member of the Atlantic Alliance subject to the terms agreed by the national Government?" ().

The referendum resulted in 56.9% of valid votes in favour of remaining within NATO on a turnout of 59.4%.

Opinion polls

The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading choice's colour. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the "Remain" and "Leave" choices in a given poll.

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size	Remain	Leave	Invalid/
Blank	Lead	Notes
[1986 referendum](1986-spanish-nato-membership-referendum-results)	12 Mar 1986		31.2	23.7	4.5	40.6	–
title=Referéndum Alianza Atlántica (Estudio nº 1.521. Marzo 1986)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1520_1539/1521/Es1521mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=11 March 1986}}	10–11 Mar 1986	1,188	33.0	27.0	3.0	12.0	25.0
title=Referéndum Alianza Atlántica. Marzo - 86 (Estudio nº 1.520)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1520_1539/1520/Es1520mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=7 March 1986}}	7 Mar 1986	2,410	31.0	29.0	2.0	11.0	27.0
title=Estudio ECO 1.519 (Marzo 1986)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1500_1519/1519/Es1519mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=4 March 1986}}	3–4 Mar 1986	2,500	27.0	35.0	–	12.0	26.0
title=Se mantiene estable la mayoría favorable al 'no'	url=https://elpais.com/diario/1986/03/06/espana/510447614_850215.html	language=es	work=El País	date=6 March 1986}}	28 Feb–3 Mar 1986	3,000	26.2	36.2	37.6	10.0
title=Apretado margen para una decisión histórica	url=https://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/1986/03/06/pagina-12/32878882/pdf.html	language=es	work=La Vanguardia	date=6 March 1986}}	25–28 Feb 1986	3,100	24.8	35.5	2.6	12.3	24.8
title=Referéndum OTAN (Estudio nº 1.514. 27 de Febrero de 1986)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1500_1519/1514/Es1514mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=27 February 1986}}	27 Feb 1986	?	29.0	28.0	2.0	13.0	24.0
title=Disminuye la diferencia entre el 'sí' y el 'no' a la permanencia en la OTAN	url=https://elpais.com/diario/1986/02/23/espana/509497211_850215.html	language=es	work=El País	date=23 February 1986}}	18–20 Feb 1986	1,525	25.2	34.2	3.6	19.1	17.9
title=Estudio 1.511 (Febrero de 1986)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1500_1519/1511/Es1511mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=23 February 1986}}	15–19 Feb 1986	2,500	27.0	31.0	2.0	12.0	29.0
title=Estudio nº 1.510 (Febrero 1986)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1500_1519/1510/Es1510mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=15 February 1986}}	15 Feb 1986	?	25.0	32.0	–	12.0	32.0
title=Referéndum Alianza Atlántica (Estudio nº 1.509)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1500_1519/1509/Es1509mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=10 February 1986}}	10 Feb 1986	?	25.0	27.0	–	15.0	33.0
title=Post-debate parlamentario. Febrero '86 (Febrero 1986)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1500_1519/1506/Es1506mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=10 February 1986}}	7–10 Feb 1986	?	30.0	38.0	–	13.0	19.0
title=Serias probabilidades de que el Gobierno pierda el referéndum	url=https://elpais.com/diario/1986/02/09/espana/508287610_850215.html	language=es	work=El País	date=9 February 1986}}	2–4 Feb 1986	1,532	21.0	39.0	3.1	18.5	18.4
title=Estudio sobre la OTAN (Enero 1986. Estudio 1502)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1500_1519/1502/Es1502mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=25 January 1986}}	18–25 Jan 1986	10,632	30.0	28.0	–	10.0	32.0
title="Barómetro enero 1986". Estudio C.I.S. nº 1.501 (Enero 1986)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1500_1519/1501/Es1501mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=1 January 1986}}	1 Jan 1986	?	29.0	27.0	–	12.0	32.0
title=Estudio sobre la OTAN (Diciembre 85. Estudio 1498)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1480_1499/1498/Es1498mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=16 December 1985}}	13–16 Dec 1985	2,457	32.0	27.0	–	10.0	31.0
title=Barómetro. Estudio C.I.S. nº 1.478 (Octubre 1985)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1460_1479/1478/Es1478mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=1 October 1985}}	1 Oct 1985	1,232	30.0	25.0	–	9.0	36.0
title=Barómetro. Estudio C.I.S. nº 1471 (Julio 1985)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1460_1479/1471/Es1471mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=20 July 1985}}	17–20 Jul 1985	2,479	26.0	34.0	–	7.0	33.0
title=Cuestiones de política exterior. Estudio C.I.S. 1463 (Junio 1985)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1460_1479/1463/Es1463mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=11 June 1985}}	7–11 Jun 1985	3,435	24.0	34.0	–	9.0	33.0
CIS	10 Sep 1984	?	25.0	47.0	–	1.0	27.0
31.0	42.0	–	9.0	18.0	11.0
19.0	57.0	–	9.0	15.0	38.0
CIS	1 Sep 1984	2,466	22.0	35.0	–	7.0	36.0
22.0	34.0	–	7.0	37.0	12.0
15.0	44.0	–	7.0	34.0	29.0
CIS	25–28 Apr 1984	2,474	20.0	43.0	–	6.0	31.0
19.0	46.0	–	7.0	29.0	27.0
11.0	54.0	–	6.0	29.0	43.0
CIS	1 Jan 1984	2,495	19.4	40.9	–	8.4	31.3
21.6	38.5	–	8.5	31.5	16.9
13.6	50.3	–	7.6	28.4	36.7
title=Estudio 1.371	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1360_1379/1371/Es1371mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=13 November 1983}}	9–13 Nov 1983	2,476	15.0	44.0	–	9.0	32.0
title=Barómetro de marzo (Estudio nº 1.344. Marzo 1983)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1340_1359/1344/Es1344mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=1 March 1983}}	1 Mar 1983	2,488	12.6	49.2	–	8.1	30.2
title=Estudio nº 1.285. Barómetro de Opinión Pública (Septiembre, 1981)	url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/1280_1299/1285/Es1285mar_s.pdf	language=es	work=CIS	date=11 September 1981}}	9–11 Sep 1981	1,193	12.0	37.0	–	11.0	40.0

Results

Overall

Question

Results by region

Electorate	Turnout	Yes	No	Votes	%	Votes
Andalusia	4,810,221	61.55	1,868,623	67.38	904,635	32.62
Aragon	952,361	60.17	318,640	61.72	197,608	38.28
Asturias	907,599	56.36	273,074	57.28	203,622	42.72
Balearic Islands	524,710	52.03	151,881	61.11	96,663	38.89
Basque Country	1,644,108	65.41	336,518	32.45	700,539	67.55
Canary Islands	1,003,385	55.39	242,015	46.31	280,639	53.69
Cantabria	402,339	59.64	140,251	63.96	79,031	36.04
Castile and León	2,071,409	56.44	627,633	61.54	392,251	38.46
Castilla–La Mancha	1,283,563	58.30	451,729	68.42	208,484	31.58
Catalonia	4,614,731	62.80	1,263,416	46.28	1,466,639	53.72
Extremadura	823,281	61.96	305,219	65.79	158,723	34.21
Galicia	2,220,686	38.51	465,103	59.10	321,809	40.90
La Rioja	202,523	59.97	69,405	63.92	39,174	36.08
Madrid	3,591,044	60.91	1,135,636	56.77	864,700	43.23
Murcia	723,287	61.39	254,572	62.08	155,469	37.92
Navarre	396,841	62.64	99,815	43.28	130,828	56.72
Valencian Community	2,776,354	66.33	1,027,648	60.73	664,465	39.27
Total	29,024,494	59.42	9,054,509	56.85	6,872,421	43.15

Notes

References

;Opinion poll sources

;Other

References

[[Dieter Nohlen. Nohlen, D]] & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1817 {{ISBN. 978-3-8329-5609-7
Vallès, Josep M.. (1986). "The referendum of 12 March 1986 on Spain's remaining in NATO". Electoral Studies.
Rodrigo Luelmo, Francisco José. (8 July 2016). "The accession of Spain to NATO". CVCE.eu by University of Luxembourg.
"Spain, 12 March 1986: Permanence within NATO". Direct Democracy.
"Referéndum consultivo en relación con la Alianza Atlántica". Congress of Deputies.
"Electoral Results Consultation. Referendum. March 1986. National totals". Ministry of the Interior.

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