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1984 European Parliament election in Italy
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| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| election_name | 1984 European Parliament election in Italy |
| country | Italy |
| previous_election | [1979](1979-european-parliament-election-in-italy) |
| outgoing_members | List of members of the European Parliament for Italy, 1979–1984 |
| next_election | [1989](1989-european-parliament-election-in-italy) |
| elected_members | List of members of the European Parliament for Italy, 1984–1989 |
| seats_for_election | All 81 Italian seats to the European Parliament |
| turnout | 82.47% ( 2.9 pp) |
| election_date | 17 June 1984 |
| party1 | PCI |
| leader1 | Alessandro Natta |
| last_election1 | 24 |
| seats1 | 27 |
| percentage1 | 33.3% |
| party2 | DC |
| leader2 | Ciriaco De Mita |
| last_election2 | 29 |
| seats2 | 26 |
| percentage2 | 33.0% |
| party3 | PSI |
| leader3 | Bettino Craxi |
| last_election3 | 9 |
| seats3 | 9 |
| percentage3 | 11.2% |
| party4 | MSI |
| leader4 | Giorgio Almirante |
| last_election4 | 4 |
| seats4 | 5 |
| percentage4 | 6.5% |
| party5 | PLI–PRI |
| leader5 | Zanone–Spadolini |
| last_election5 | 5 |
| seats5 | 5 |
| percentage5 | 6.1% |
| party6 | PSDI |
| leader6 | Pietro Longo |
| last_election6 | 4 |
| seats6 | 3 |
| percentage6 | 3.5% |
| party7 | PR |
| leader7 | Marco Pannella |
| last_election7 | 3 |
| seats7 | 3 |
| percentage7 | 3.4% |
| party8 | DP |
| leader8 | Mario Capanna |
| last_election8 | 1 |
| seats8 | 1 |
| percentage8 | 1.4% |
| party9 | South Tyrolean People's Party |
| leader9 | Silvius Magnago |
| last_election9 | 1 |
| seats9 | 1 |
| percentage9 | 0.6% |
| party12 | PSd'Az – others |
| leader12 | Collective leadership |
| last_election12 | 0 |
| seats12 | 1 |
| percentage12 | 0.6% |
| map | European_Election_1984_Italy.png |
| map_caption | Major party in each province |
The 1984 European Parliament election in Italy was held on 17 June 1984. The election took place just six days after the death of Italian Communist Party (PCI) leader Enrico Berlinguer. This fact greatly influenced the vote, which represented the first and only time in Italian history that the PCI placed first in a national election, overcoming the dominance of Christian Democracy (DC) and producing a historic result.
Electoral system
The pure party-list proportional representation was the traditional electoral system of the Italian Republic since its foundation in 1946, so it had been adopted to elect the Italian representatives to the European Parliament too. Two levels were used: a national level to divide seats between parties, and a constituency level to distribute them between candidates. Italian regions were united in 5 constituencies, each electing a group of deputies. At national level, seats were divided between party lists using the largest remainder method with Hare quota. All seats gained by each party were automatically distributed to their local open lists and their most voted candidates.
Results
The public emotion caused by Berlinguer's tragic death resulted in an extraordinary strength for the PCI; for the first time in Western Europe since the 1956 French legislative election and the first time ever in Italian history, a Communist party received a plurality by a democratic vote. In opposition, this result reinforced the moderate government ruling the country. The Italian Socialist Party (PSI) of Prime Minister Bettino Craxi had maintained its vote, and its major ally, the defeated DC, did not want to take any chances of a political crisis that could lead to a dangerous general election.
References
- Lomellini, Valentine. (2015). "European Political Cultures and Parties and the European Integration Process, 1945–1992". Peter Lang.
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