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1981 Greek parliamentary election

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Field	Value
country	Greece
type	parliamentary
previous_election	1977 Greek parliamentary election
previous_year	1977
next_election	1985 Greek parliamentary election
next_year	1985
seats_for_election	All 300 seats in the Hellenic Parliament
majority_seats	151
election_date	18 October 1981
registered	7,059,778
turnout	81.50% ( 0.39pp)
image_size	130x130px
image2	Георгиос Раллис в Люксембурге (29-06-1981).jpg
leader2	Georgios Rallis
party2	New Democracy (Greece)
last_election2	41.84%, 171 seats
seats2	115
seat_change2	56
popular_vote2	2,034,496
percentage2	35.88%
swing2	5.96 pp
image1	Andreas Papandreou.jpg
leader1	Andreas Papandreou
party1	PASOK
last_election1	25.34%, 93 seats
seats1	172
seat_change1	79
popular_vote1	2,726,309
percentage1	48.07%
swing1	22.73 pp
image3	Charilaos Florakis.JPG
leader3	Charilaos Florakis
party3	Communist Party of Greece
last_election3	9.36%, 11 seats
seats3	13
seat_change3	2
popular_vote3	620,302
percentage3	10.94%
swing3	1.58 pp
title	Prime Minister
posttitle	Prime Minister after election
before_election	Georgios Rallis
before_party	New Democracy (Greece)
after_election	Andreas Papandreou
after_party	PASOK

Parliamentary elections were held in Greece on Sunday, 18 October 1981. PASOK, led by Andreas Papandreou, faced New Democracy, led by Georgios Rallis. Papandreou achieved a landslide and PASOK formed the first socialist government in the history of Greece (in 1963 Centrists had formed a government under the leadership of George Papandreou, Andreas' father, but their party, Centre Union, was not a socialist party but a centrist, social-liberal one).

Observers had expected a PASOK victory but were surprised by the size of the victory.

185 of the 300 seats were won by PASOK or the Communist Party: both openly eurosceptic. This was the high point of Greek euroscepticism, coming just months after the country's accession to the European Communities.

Results

By constituency

Constituency	PASOK	ND	KKE	KP	KKE-ES	%	±	%	±	%	±
Achaea	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	55.92	18.66	30.62	9.38	9.19	1.05	1.81	New	1.04	0.98
Aetolia-Akarnania	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	48.33	22.17	39.90	9.34	9.31	1.73	1.07	New	0.65	0.60
Argolis	44.53	19.03	New Democracy (Greece)}}; color:white;"	46.83	0.82	5.29	1.84	1.79	New	0.69	0.30
Arkadia	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	44.91	23.46	42.90	5.84	7.45	2.42	3.32	New	0.77	0.34
Arta	42.41	14.50	New Democracy (Greece)}}; color:white;"	46.52	7.20	9.26	2.40	0.72	New	0.76	0.43
Athens A	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	44.44	21.86	34.42	8.41	12.63	1.12	2.12	New	3.26	2.74
Athens B	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	48.73	21.15	26.36	9.78	18.04	1.95	1.51	New	2.75	2.43
Attica	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	49.58	21.51	34.85	10.25	10.73	3.11	1.08	New	0.87	0.93
Boeotia	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	52.86	21.90	35.05	4.35	9.16	1.79	1.09	New	1.07	0.64
Cephalonia	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	42.56	18.51	32.96	6.71	17.32	4.26	0.58	New	1.21	0.91
Chalkidiki	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	45.97	20.66	45.85	6.97	5.50	1.34	0.87	New	0.81	0.86
Chania	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	55.26	31.82	25.11	9.10	11.96	1.29	0.31	New	0.80	1.18
Chios	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	48.97	33.30	42.68	5.08	6.18	0.78	0.52	New	1.01	1.13
Corfu	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	50.78	18.71	34.04	1.40	11.62	1.59	0.30	New	1.45	1.42
Corinthia	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	50.91	21.05	40.31	6.78	4.61	0.73	2.38	New	0.76	0.73
Cyclades	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	47.02	24.10	45.75	9.20	4.56	1.11	1.10	New	0.67	1.71
Dodecanese	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	58.19	30.48	30.29	11.03	4.89	2.17	0.48	New	0.80	0.35
Drama	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	48.47	21.19	43.74	4.08	4.51	0.91	0.88	New	0.74	0.77
Elis	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	52.20	21.20	40.44	5.20	5.71	2.01	0.43	New	0.52	0.43
Euboea	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	55.05	27.37	32.07	10.65	7.50	2.22	1.78	New	0.63	0.32
Evros	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	45.82	24.06	40.85	13.88	5.38	1.68	6.03	New	0.73	0.97
Evrytania	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	53.16	24.72	41.23	5.20	4.23	1.18	0.70	New	0.36	0.19
Florina	39.51	23.89	New Democracy (Greece)}}; color:white;"	48.69	1.66	6.63	1.83	3.81	New	0.63	0.30
Grevena	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	47.92	29.83	34.17	1.73	12.31	4.26	3.72	New	0.96	0.06
Heraklion	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	65.90	30.54	19.20	5.70	8.46	1.23	0.16	New	0.84	1.31
Imathia	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	50.23	19.61	36.06	7.28	10.21	1.76	1.63	New	0.84	1.19
Ioannina	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	45.81	21.03	39.88	6.38	11.68	3.57	0.76	New	1.13	1.38
Karditsa	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	43.85	17.29	40.97	4.45	12.14	1.18	1.45	New	0.75	0.26
Kastoria	39.78	20.29	New Democracy (Greece)}}; color:white;"	52.36	8.15	4.18	1.36	1.01	New	0.64	0.38
Kavala	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	48.58	25.28	38.86	11.64	8.81	1.37	1.08	New	1.04	2.79
Kilkis	40.66	17.05	New Democracy (Greece)}}; color:white;"	41.85	1.13	11.21	1.01	4.43	New	0.88	0.79
Kozani	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	45.09	21.39	44.11	5.71	7.46	1.86	1.44	New	0.82	0.95
Laconia	34.32	18.09	New Democracy (Greece)}}; color:white;"	53.80	1.20	5.50	1.33	4.77	New	0.58	0.30
Larissa	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	45.06	22.75	36.20	0.70	15.30	0.24	1.45	New	1.02	1.29
Lasithi	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	63.24	37.06	29.25	0.36	5.74	1.55		0.42	0.25
Lefkada	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	39.86	23.28	37.59	5.70	19.04	0.99	0.42	New	2.22	2.30
Lesbos	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	39.90	19.11	31.39	11.38	26.04	1.67	0.57	New	1.43	0.77
Magnesia	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	46.39	26.85	35.27	7.15	14.48	0.04	1.00	New	1.23	2.09
Messenia	42.11	18.74	New Democracy (Greece)}}; color:white;"	45.80	1.37	8.20	2.12	2.79	New	0.61	0.25
Pella	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	50.69	19.51	39.42	4.79	6.10	1.54	2.18	New	0.62	0.74
Phocis	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	46.30	22.34	43.23	11.65	6.54	1.64	2.31	New	0.64	0.38
Phthiotis	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	48.34	25.66	39.89	4.08	7.44	1.70	2.95	New	0.76	0.35
Pieria	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	48.06	24.25	40.79	3.25	7.71	1.15	2.19	New	0.78	1.12
Piraeus A	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	48.17	24.30	34.17	9.76	12.20	1.16	1.15	New	1.92	2.28
Piraeus B	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	51.16	24.69	23.09	9.32	21.28	1.94	0.60	New	2.09	3.09
Preveza	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	46.18	11.81	41.13	3.08	10.30	2.85	1.15	New	0.91	0.30
Rethymno	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	51.15	26.87	24.67	4.82	5.58	1.01		0.59	0.27
Rhodope	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	50.83	34.15	39.86	4.13	4.11	1.62	2.08	New	0.52	0.26
Samos	33.79	22.91	New Democracy (Greece)}}; color:white;"	41.21	2.18	21.12	3.54		2.50	0.57
Serres	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	45.30	22.20	44.05	8.50	7.54	0.64	1.29	New	0.72	1.10
Thesprotia	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	55.68	25.13	34.76	0.66	7.27	2.72	0.92	New	0.91	0.16
Thessaloniki A	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	47.63	25.51	32.82	12.98	13.10	1.12	2.05	New	2.08	3.43
Thessaloniki B	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	46.75	19.20	38.56	7.63	10.53	0.52	2.03	New	0.83	1.20
Trikala	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	48.02	25.68	35.04	2.14	13.73	1.63	1.73	New	0.85	0.28
Xanthi	34.84	12.39	New Democracy (Greece)}}; color:white;"	36.82	7.04	2.78	0.71	8.24	New	0.73	0.30
Zakynthos	Panhellenic Socialist Movement}}; color:white;"	43.12	22.73	37.09	0.76	15.83	0.04	1.90	New	1.40	0.60

Aftermath

Papandreou's new government introduced several reforms in the wake of its victory (legalization of civil wedding, new family law, nationalization of certain private companies, etc.).

The main opposition party, New Democracy, faced serious internal conflicts. Georgios Rallis was forced to resign after the defeat, and he was succeeded by Evangelos Averoff, former minister under Karamanlis' governments. In 1984, Averof resigned because of health problems, and Konstantinos Mitsotakis became the new leader of New Democracy. Noteworthy, Mitsotakis and Papandreou were both centrists before 1967 and they belonged to the same party, George Papandreou's Center Union. Nevertheless, they were strong opponents, and they never liked each other. Papandreou was calling Mitsotakis "a defector, an apostate", because in 1965 he defected from the ruling Center Union and participated in a new government pleasing to Constantine II, who had just accepted George Papandreou's resignation after a serious disagreement between the King and the prime minister.

Notes

References

[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p830 {{ISBN. 978-3-8329-5609-7
Clogg, Richard. (1982). "The greek elections of 1981". Electoral Studies.
Verney, Susannah. (March 2011). "An exceptional case? Party and popular Euroscepticism in Greece, 1959–2009". South European Society and Politics.

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