1976 Pacific typhoon season

Seasonal summary

ImageSize = width:1065 height:285 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1976 till:01/01/1977 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/01/1976 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0.43,0.76,0.92) legend:Tropical_Depression_=≤62_km/h(≤39_mph) id:TS value:rgb(0.3,1,1) legend:Tropical_Storm_=62–88_km/h(39–54_mph) id:ST value:rgb(0.75,1,0.75) legend:Severe_Tropical_Storm_=89–117_km/h(55–72_mph) id:TY value:rgb(1,0.85,0.55) legend:Typhoon_=118_km/h(74_mph)

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PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:27/01/1976 till:02/02/1976 color:TY text:"Kathy" from:28/01/1976 till:01/02/1976 color:TD text:"Asiang" from:01/02/1976 till:05/02/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:08/02/1976 till:11/02/1976 color:TD text:"Biring" from:27/02/1976 till:01/03/1976 color:TS text:"Lorna" from:02/04/1976 till:14/04/1976 color:TY text:"Marie" from:25/04/1976 till:02/05/1976 color:ST text:"Nancy" from:11/05/1976 till:27/05/1976 color:TY text:"Olga" from:14/05/1976 till:27/05/1976 color:TY text:"Pamela" from:14/05/1976 till:15/05/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:14/06/1976 till:21/06/1976 color:TD text:"Gloring" from:16/06/1976 till:16/06/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:21/06/1976 till:04/07/1976 color:TY text:"Ruby" from:21/06/1976 till:22/06/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:24/06/1976 till:05/07/1976 color:TY text:"Sally" barset:break from:09/07/1976 till:21/07/1976 color:TY text:"Therese" from:17/07/1976 till:18/07/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:18/07/1976 till:21/07/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:19/07/1976 till:27/07/1976 color:ST text:"Violet" from:21/07/1976 till:24/07/1976 color:ST text:"Wilda" from:21/07/1976 till:27/07/1976 color:TY text:"Anita" from:24/07/1976 till:24/07/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:26/07/1976 till:27/07/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:30/07/1976 till:02/08/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:30/07/1976 till:01/08/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:01/08/1976 till:12/08/1976 color:TY text:"Billie" from:01/08/1976 till:02/08/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:02/08/1976 till:07/08/1976 color:ST text:"Clara" from:02/08/1976 till:03/08/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:17/08/1976 till:23/08/1976 color:TS text:"Dot" barset:break from:20/08/1976 till:25/08/1976 color:TS text:"Ellen" from:31/08/1976 till:02/09/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:03/09/1976 till:14/09/1976 color:TY text:"Fran" from:08/09/1976 till:16/09/1976 color:ST text:"Georgia" from:09/09/1976 till:09/09/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:13/09/1976 till:01/10/1976 color:TY text:"Iris" from:13/09/1976 till:18/09/1976 color:TY text:"Hope" from:13/09/1976 till:14/09/1976 color:TD text:"Seniang" from:17/09/1976 till:18/09/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:18/09/1976 till:24/09/1976 color:TY text:"Joan" from:19/09/1976 till:19/09/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:26/09/1976 till:26/09/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:29/09/1976 till:01/10/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:29/09/1976 till:02/10/1976 color:TD text:"Undang" from:28/10/1976 till:08/11/1976 color:TY text:"Louise barset:break from:04/11/1976 till:11/11/1976 color:TY text:"Marge" from:21/11/1976 till:21/11/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:28/11/1976 till:30/11/1976 color:TD text:"TD" from:02/12/1976 till:07/12/1976 color:ST text:"Nora" from:07/12/1976 till:10/12/1976 color:TS text:"Opal" from:28/12/1976 till:30/12/1976 color:TD text:"Kayang" bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/01/1976 till:01/02/1976 text:January from:01/02/1976 till:01/03/1976 text:February from:01/03/1976 till:01/04/1976 text:March from:01/04/1976 till:01/05/1976 text:April from:01/05/1976 till:01/06/1976 text:May from:01/06/1976 till:01/07/1976 text:June from:01/07/1976 till:01/08/1976 text:July from:01/08/1976 till:01/09/1976 text:August from:01/09/1976 till:01/10/1976 text:September from:01/10/1976 till:01/11/1976 text:October from:01/11/1976 till:01/12/1976 text:November from:01/12/1976 till:01/01/1977 text:December

TextData = pos:(570,30) text:"(From the" pos:(617,30) text:"Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale)"

25 tropical storms formed this year in the Western Pacific. 14 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 4 reached super typhoon strength.

Systems

Typhoon Kathy

| 1-min winds = 80 Typhoon Kathy was a Category 1 typhoon that stayed at sea for its entire life.

Tropical Depression Asiang

| 10-min winds = 30 Asiang was a Tropical Depression. It was named by PAGASA.

Tropical Depression Biring

| 10-min winds = 30 Biring was also named by PAGASA.

Tropical Storm Lorna

| 1-min winds = 35 Lorna was a weak tropical storm with wins of 65 km/h.

Typhoon Marie (Konsing)

| 1-min winds = 115 This category 4 typhoon affected the Philippines; but mostly stayed out to sea. Marie did not reach super typhoon status; but recorded a strong pressure of 930 millibars. Marie was the first category 4 of the season.

Severe Tropical Storm Nancy

| 1-min winds = 55 Nancy stayed at sea.

Typhoon Olga (Didang)

| 1-min winds = 100 The monsoon trough spawned a tropical depression east of the Philippines on May 10. It tracked generally westward, reaching tropical storm status on the 13th while remaining poorly organized. On the 14th Olga relocated to the southeast, and regained tropical storm strength after weakening. The storm headed to the northwest, and looped in response to the approach of a long wave trough. After returning to a westward movement Olga, despite unfavorable wind shear, strengthened to a typhoon on the 20th. It rapidly intensified that night, and hit eastern Luzon early on the 21st as a 115 mi/h typhoon. It drifted across the island, and turned northward in the South China Sea. Olga moved rapidly to the northeast, and on the 28th Olga was absorbed by a subtropical disturbance. Olga brought torrential flooding, at some points as much as 50 in of rain. Because of this, 374 people were killed and thousands were left homeless. Olga also destroyed many of the sets used during the filming of Apocalypse Now.

Super Typhoon Pamela

| 1-min winds = 130 Main article: Typhoon Pamela (1976)

The near equatorial trough produced a tropical depression on May 14 north of Chuuk. It moved southwestward, becoming a tropical storm on the 15th. Pamela slowly looped to the northwest, and reached typhoon status on the 16th. On the 18th and 19th, Pamela rapidly intensified to a 150 mi/h super typhoon, and slowly weakened as it continued its northwest movement. On May 21 the typhoon crossed Guam with sustained winds of 140 mi/h. After slowly crossing the island, Pamela turned to the north, and weakened until becoming extratropical on the 26th. Pamela was the strongest typhoon to hit Guam since Super Typhoon Karen in 1962. Though Karen was much stronger, Pamela's slow crossing caused much more damage, amounting to $500 million (1976 USD, $1.7 billion 2005 USD). Well-executed warnings allowed for only one death in Guam. Before Typhoon Pamela hit Guam, ten people died in a landslide in Truk (Chuuk) from its heavy rains.

Tropical Depression Gloring

| 10-min winds = 30 Named by PAGASA.

Typhoon Ruby (Huaning)

| 1-min winds = 120 The monsoon trough spawned Tropical Depression 7W on June 20. It headed westward, slowly organizing into a tropical storm on the 23rd. Ruby turned to the northwest, and reached typhoon strength just before hitting Luzon on the 25th. It crossed the island, weakening to a tropical storm before turning to the northeast in the South China Sea. Ruby again became a typhoon on the 28th, and on July 2, the typhoon reached a peak of 140 mi/h winds while south of Japan. The typhoon turned to the east, and became extratropical on the 3rd. 16 people were killed from the typhoon.

Typhoon Sally (Isang)

| 1-min winds = 115 Typhoon Sally formed on June 24. The storm was a Category 4 typhoon with 130 miles per hour of 1-minute sustained wind and 925 millibars of central pressure which did not threaten land.

Super Typhoon Therese

| 1-min winds = 135 Typhoon Therese, which developed on July 8, explosively deepened on the 12th and 13th to a 155 mi/h super typhoon. Therese weakened as it continued to the northwest, and struck southwest Japan on the 19th as a tropical storm. It looped to the west, and dissipated on the 21st. Therese caused heavy flooding, killing 3 people and causing millions in damage. The storm was a Category 4 typhoon at peak, with 1-minute sustained winds of up to 155 miles per hour and a central pressure of 905 millibars.

Severe Tropical Storm Violet (Lusing)

| 1-min winds = 55 Tropical Storm Violet struck Hong Kong and Hainan Island killing 2 people.

Severe Tropical Storm Wilda

| 1-min winds = 45 Tropical Storm Wilda hit Japan. The storm had a maximum 1-minute sustained wind speed of 50 miles per hour and a central pressure of 985 millibars.

Typhoon Anita (Maring)

| 1-min winds = 65 Anita hit Japan.

Typhoon Billie (Nitang)

| 1-min winds = 125 Main article: Typhoon Billie (1976)

When 105 mi/h Typhoon Billie hit eastern Taiwan and China, it caused heavy flooding and wind damage, amounting to 4 casualties (with 8 missing and 41 drownings) and $2.6 million in damage (1976 USD).

Severe Tropical Storm Clara

| 1-min winds = 40 Clara hit China.

Tropical Storm Dot (Osang)

| 1-min winds = 50 Dot hit China and Japan.

Tropical Storm Ellen (Paring)

| 1-min winds = 45 Tropical Storm Ellen struck Hong Kong killing 27 people and left 3 missing. Eighteen people were killed in one landslip in Sau Mau Ping, Hong Kong.

Super Typhoon Fran (Reming)

| 1-min winds = 130 Main article: Typhoon Fran

An area of disturbed weather organized into Tropical Depression 17W on September 2. It tracked northwestward, becoming a tropical storm on the 4th and a typhoon on the 6th. Fran rapidly intensified to a 150 mi/h super typhoon on the 7th, and weakened as it turned northward. After stalling and drifting to the west, Fran continued its northward movement, hit southwestern Japan on the 12th, and became extratropical in the Sea of Japan on the 13th. The storm caused heavy flooding and wind damage, causing 133 fatalities (with 32 missing) and $572 million in damage (1976 USD, $1.9 billion in 2005 USD), the worst Japanese typhoon in over 10 years.

Tropical Storm Georgia

| 1-min winds = 40 Georgia moved north away from land.

Typhoon Hope

| 1-min winds = 70 Hope did not come near land.

Tropical Depression Seniang

| 10-min winds = 30 Seniang was short-lived.

Typhoon Iris (Toyang)

| 1-min winds = 75 Iris meandered over the South China Sea and struck South China.

Typhoon Joan

| 1-min winds = 70 Joan recurved east of Japan.

Super Typhoon Louise (Welpring)

| 1-min winds = 140

Louise was the strongest typhoon of the season, becoming a Super Typhoon, bringing minor impacts to the Philippines and Japan.

Typhoon Marge (Yoning)

| 1-min winds = 60 Marge was a strong tropical storm.

Severe Tropical Storm Nora (Aring)

| 1-min winds = 45 Nora brushed the Philippines.

Tropical Storm Opal (Basiang)

| 1-min winds = 35 Opal was a minimal tropical storm.

Tropical Depression Kayang

| 10-min winds = 30 The depression lasted a day.

Storm names

Western North Pacific tropical cyclones were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. The first storm of 1976 was named Kathy and the final one was named Opal.

One Central Pacific system developed, Hurricane Kate. The policy at the time was to use Western Pacific names the Central Pacific.

Philippines

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 6 of which are published each year before the season starts. Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1980 season. This is the same list used for the 1972 season. PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet, with names of Filipino female names ending with "ng" (A, B, K, D, etc.). Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in .

Season effects

This table will list all the storms that developed in the northwestern Pacific Ocean west of the International Date Line and north of the equator during 1976. It will include their intensity, duration, name, areas affected, deaths, missing people (in parentheses), and damage totals. Classification and intensity values will be based on estimations conducted by the JMA, however due to lack of information around this time sustained winds were recorded by the JTWC. All damage figures will be in 1976 USD. Damages and deaths from a storm will include when the storm was a precursor wave or an extratropical low.

|- | Kathy || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Caroline Islands || None || None || |- | Asiang || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Philippines || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Mariana Islands || None || None || |- | Biring || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Philippines || None || None || |- | Lorna || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Caroline Islands || None || None || |- | Marie (Konsing) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Palau || None || None || |- | Nancy || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | Olga (Didang) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Philippines, Ryukyu Islands || Unknown || || |- | Pamela || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands || || || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Palau || None || None || |- | Gloring || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Philippines, Ryukyu Islands || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | Ruby (Huaning) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands || Unknown || || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || South China || None || None || |- | Sally || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Caroline Islands || None || None || |- | Therese || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Mariana Islands, Japan || Unknown || || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Caroline Islands || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | Violet (Lusing) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || South China || None || 2 || |- | Wilda || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Japan || None || None || |- | Anita (Maring) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Japan || Unknown || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Ryukyu Islands || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan || None || None || |- | Billie (Nitang) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, East China || || || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | Clara || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || South China || Unknown || Unknown || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || South China || None || None || |- | Dot (Oyang) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Japan, East China, South Korea || None || None || |- | Ellen (Paring) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Philippines, South China || Unknown || || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | Fran || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Mariana Islands, Japan || || || |- | Georgia || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Caroline Islands || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | Iris (Toyang) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Philippines, South China || Unknown || Unknown || |- | Hope || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | Seniang || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Mariana Islands || None || None || |- | Joan || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Ryukyu Islands || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || None || None || None || |- | Undang || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Ryukyu Islands || None || None || |- | Louise (Welpring) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Caroline Islands, Philippines || None || None || |- | Marge (Yoning) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Caroline Islands, Ryukyu Islands || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Caroline Islands || None || None || |- | TD || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Philippines || None || None || |- | Nora (Aring) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Philippines || Unknown || Unknown || |- | Opal (Barang) || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Caroline Islands || None || None || |- | Kayang || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Philippines || Unknown || Unknown || |-

References

References

1. "1976 ATCR TABLE OF CONTENTS".
2. "Historical Information".
3. (1977). "Meteorological Results 1976. Part III - Tropical Cyclone Summaries". [[Hong Kong Observatory]].