1963 Pacific typhoon season

Seasonal summary

Timeline of tropical activity in the 1963 Pacific typhoon season

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TextData = pos:(570,30) text:"(From the" pos:(617,30) text:"Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale)"

Systems

36 tropical depressions formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 25 became tropical storms. 19 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 8 reached super typhoon strength.

Tropical Depression 03W

| 1-min winds = 30

A brief tropical depression developed north of Papua New Guinea at 00:00 UTC on March 25, and tracked west-northwest before it dissipated later that day. Although the Joint Typhoon Warning Center does not list any maximum sustained wind values in its tracking data, the Mariners Weather Log notes that Tropical Depression 03W briefly attained winds of 55 km/h at its peak before dissipating.

CMA Tropical Depression 1

| 10-min winds = 30 The China Meteorological Administration (CMA) analyzed the formation of a disturbance near Micronesia on March 30, though no other agencies monitored the system. Tracking westward, the low-pressure area developed further into a tropical depression the following day. The storm turned towards the north on April 1, reaching peak intensity two days later with winds of 55 km/h and a minimum pressure of 1001 mbar (hPa; 1001 mbar) before slowly weakening. On April 6, the depression degenerated into a remnant area of low pressure; these remnants tracked westward before dissipating early the next day.

Typhoon Olive

| 1-min winds = 125

The low-pressure area that eventually developed into Typhoon Olive first formed approximately 155 km southeast of Truk on April 21, embedded within the larger context of a trough. In its nascent stages, the disturbance tracked slowly west-northwestward toward Woleai; the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) considers the storm to have developed into a tropical depression on April 26, though the JTWC began monitoring Olive as a 75 km/h tropical storm the day after. Olive quickly intensified following tropical cyclogenesis, becoming a typhoon by 12:00 UTC on April 27. Late on April 28, a reconnaissance mission sampled winds of 230 km/h and a minimum barometric pressure of 932 mbar (hPa; 932 mbar); from these parameters Olive reached peak intensity at 00:00 UTC on April 29 with a minimum pressure of 920 mbar as computed by the JMA. Olive passed near Guam and Saipan later that day, impacting the latter with winds of 205 km/h. As the typhoon receded to more northerly latitudes, it slowly weakened, transitioning into an extratropical cyclone on May 5 before dissipating four days later; maintaining typhoon strength for 8.5 days, Olive remained a typhoon longer than any other storm in 1963.

As Olive neared Guam, then-governor Manuel Guerrero ordered the evacuation of low-lying areas and the opening of shelters at schools, churches, and other locations. Olive caused considerable damage in the Mariana Islands: 95 percent of homes on Saipan sustained extensive damage, with another 5 percent destroyed by the storm. Homes were also damaged on nearby Rota, with the widespread loss of crops; property and agricultural losses were also accrued on Guam and Tinian, where power lines were downed by strong winds and 1,000 people were left homeless. The effects of the typhoon set back Guam's recovery from Typhoon Karen the previous year, damaging homes partially repaired via recovery loans for Karen. Estimated damage from Olive amounted to US$5 million. In the storm's aftermath, deputy high commissioner for the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands Jose Benitez requested the declaration of Tinian and Saipan as disaster areas. On April 30, then-U.S. President John F. Kennedy acknowledged Benitez's request and declared a disaster area for the impacted islands. Kennedy would later allocate US$1.3 million for storm relief in Saipan, Tinian, and Rota. Food and medical supplies were sent from the Caroline and Marshall Islands to the Mariana Islands.

Typhoon Polly (Auring)

| 1-min winds = 70

Polly originated from an area of low pressure first detected 145 km north-northwest of Woleai on May 25. The JMA determined that the disturbance developed into a tropical depression on May 27,{{cite web|last1=Kitamoto|first1=Asanobu|title=Typhoon 196302 (POLLY) – Detailed Track Information

Remaining offshore Japan, Polly's impacts were caused primarily by heavy rainfall. Flooding inundated caused 807 landslides and inundated over 36,000 homes. Another 11 houses and 270 bridges were washed away by the floods. Polly caused an estimated US$138 million in damage to crops, with the total damage figure in excess of US$143 million. Eighteen people were killed and another seventeen were injured; 20,702 others were homeless after Polly's passage.

Tropical Storm Rose (Bebeng)

| 1-min winds = 50 Tropical Storm Rose began as a tropical depression in the South China Sea on June 6, and tracked southeastward towards Luzon in its early stages. On June 8, the JTWC began issuing warnings on Rose as a tropical storm while the cyclone was just off Luzon's northwestern coast. Slow strengthening continued thereafter, with Rose's peaking as a 95 km/h tropical storm as it was tracking across the Ryukyu Islands, though the storm's strongest winds were contained within a narrow rainband near the center. Moving rapidly northeastward, Rose passed over western Honshu as a lower-end tropical storm on June 13, briefly emerging into the Sea of Japan before recurving eastward and transitioning into an extratropical cyclone over northern Honshu on June 14. The remnants of Rose merged with another weak extratropical low off the Japanese coast, and this combined system continued eastward before dissipating over the Bering Sea on June 18.

Super Typhoon Shirley (Karing)

| 1-min winds = 140 On June 15, Shirley reached Category 5 super typhoon status, with maximum sustained winds of 260km/h (155 mph) and a central pressure of 935 hPa (mbar). After peaking, Shirley curved northwest toward Japan's Ryukyu Islands. By June 19, it passed near Okinawa with winds of 75 knots (86 mph), having weakened due to cooler waters and wind shear. It transitioned to an extratropical cyclone on June 20 before dissipating six days later.

Typhoon Trix (Diding)

| 1-min winds = 70 Trix's path across Luzon brought heavy rainfall and flooding, though specific damage totals remain unrecorded in available sources. It was one of seven storms to affect the Philippines in 1963, highlighting the region's vulnerability to Pacific typhoons.

Tropical Storm Virginia (Etang)

| 1-min winds = 50 Virginia's entire path remained over open ocean, sparing populated landmasses from direct impacts. No damage or casualties were reported.

Tropical Depression Gening

| 10-min winds = 30

Super Typhoon Wendy (Herming)

| 1-min winds = 135

A tropical disturbance formed east of the Philippines on July 9. It intensified into a tropical storm within 24 hours and achieved typhoon status by July 10. Wendy reached peak intensity on July 13, with sustained winds of 250km/h (155mph) and central pressure of 925hPa (mbar). After landfall, Wendy curved north, weakened into a tropical storm over China on July 16 and transitioned to an extratropical cyclone on July 20 before dissipating.

Wendy caused damage in China, though specific casualty figures remain unrecorded in available sources.

CMA Tropical Depression 09

| 10-min winds = 30

Typhoon Agnes (Ising)

| 1-min winds = 85

Agnes hit the Philippines and China.

Super Typhoon Bess

| 1-min winds = 130

On July 27 Tropical Depression 20W formed in the West Pacific. It drifted northward, reaching tropical storm on the 30th before turning to the southwest. Bess turned to the north on August 2, and reached typhoon status early on the 3rd. Bess rapidly intensified to a peak of 150 mph on the 4th, but weakened as it continued northward. On the 9th it struck Japan, and on the 11th Bess became extratropical. At the time, Bess had the longest longevity of a Western Pacific tropical cyclone. Typhoon Bess caused severe damage on the island of Kyūshū. 23 people were killed and 6 were missing.

Tropical Storm 21W

| 1-min winds = 35 21W hit China as a tropical storm.

Typhoon Carmen (Luding)

| 1-min winds = 125

Typhoon Carmen formed as a tropical depression east of the Philippine on August 7. Over the next few days, it moved west, reaching peak intensity as a Category 4 super typhoon with sustained winds of 125 knots (140 mph) and a central pressure of 930 hPa by August 12. On August 14, Carmen struck Luzon. It weakened, but regained strength over the South China Sea. The typhoon made a second landfall in China on August 16. Carmen dissipated on August 18.

Carmen's path triggered one of the most extensive reconnaissance missions of 1963. U.S. Navy "Typhoon Trackers" from Airborne Early Warning Squadron One conducted 53 hours of flights over five nights, penetrating Carmen's eyewall to relay critical data to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center in Guam. The storm caused significant flooding in Luzon and coastal China, though specific casualty figures remain unrecorded.

CMA Tropical Depression 14

| 10-min winds = 30 The storm formed west of the Philippines on August 21. It strengthened into a tropical depression and hit China before dissipating on August 23.

Typhoon Elaine

| 1-min winds = 100

Elanie was a category 3 typhoon that stayed out at sea.

Typhoon Della

| 1-min winds = 100

Della hit Japan as a category 1 typhoon.

Tropical Depression Mameng

| 10-min winds = 25

Typhoon Faye (Neneng)

| 1-min winds = 110

Typhoon Faye struck Hong Kong killing 3 people.

CMA Tropical Depression 17

| 10-min winds = 30

Tropical Depression 26W

| 1-min winds = 25

CMA Tropical Depression 19

| 10-min winds = 25

Super Typhoon Gloria (Oniang)

| 1-min winds = 135

Typhoon Gloria, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Oniang was a typhoon of the 1963 Pacific typhoon season. Gloria impacted Taiwan and China.

Typhoon Gloria developed on September 5, over the open waters of the West Pacific. The storm rapidly intensified to a peak of 155 mph on September 9. It weakened as it continued west-northwestward, and made landfall on extreme northeastern Taiwan on September 11, as a 100 mph typhoon. The typhoon caused severe flooding in Northern Taiwan and killed hundreds of people. Gloria continued westward, and hit eastern China that night as an 85 mph typhoon. The storm looped over land to the northeast, and dissipated on September 13, to the east of China. Gloria killed 239 people, and left 89 missing.

Tropical Storm Hester (Pepang)

| 1-min winds = 45

Tropical Storm Irma

| 1-min winds = 40

CMA Tropical Depression 23

| 10-min winds = 25

This tropical depression hit Vietnam in late September and crossed into the Northern Indian Ocean, reforming as Deep Depression Nine.

Super Typhoon Judy

| 1-min winds = 150

Typhoon Judy was the strongest storm of the 1963 Pacific typhoon season. Judy originated as a low-pressure system east of the Philippines on September 27. It tracked west-northwest for three days, intensifying to a tropical depression on September 29 and tropical storm on September 30. Between October 1–3, Judy underwent dramatic strengthening. By October 2, it achieved super typhoon status (Category 5 equivalent) with sustained winds of 150 knots (173 mph) and a central pressure of 920 hPa—the lowest of any 1963 typhoon. Its peak intensity occurred southeast of Japan, and maintained for 24 hours. Judy curved northeast on October 2, avoiding direct strikes to Japan. It weakened to a Category 2 typhoon by October 4. The storm transitioned to an extratropical cyclone on October 4 and fully dissipated by October 10. The entire track remained over open water, minimizing human impacts despite its extreme intensity.

CMA Tropical Depression 25

| 10-min winds = 25

Super Typhoon Kit (Rosing)

| 1-min winds = 135

After peaking, Kit executed a gradual northeastward recurvature near the Ryukyu Islands. The storm transitioned to an extratropical cyclone by October 12 before dissipating. Kit remained over open ocean, sparing major landmasses despite its intensity.

Super Typhoon Lola

| 1-min winds = 130

Track coordinates indicate Lola's center remained over open ocean, passing well south of Japan without threatening major landmasses.

Typhoon Mamie

| 1-min winds = 100

Mamie has no threat in land.

Tropical Storm Nina

| 1-min winds = 40

Typhoon Ora

| 1-min winds = 80

Ora made landfall in Alaskan Islands.

Typhoon Phyllis (Sisang)

| 1-min winds = 75

Phyllis hit the Philippines.

Tropical Storm Rita (Trining)

| 1-min winds = 40

Super Typhoon Susan

| 1-min winds = 135

Susan stayed in the Pacific Ocean but no threat in land.

Storm names

International

Philippines

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 10 of which are published each year before the season starts. Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1967 season. PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet, with names of Filipino female names ending with "ng" (A, B, K, D, etc.). This was the first season in which PAGASA assigned local names to typhoons. Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in .

References

References

1. "After 'Harurot,' 'Kabayan,' 'Onyok,' 'Pogi' coming".
2. "1963 03W (1963084N04149)". University of North Carolina at Asheville.
3. (July 1963). "Mariners Weather Log July 1963". United States Weather Bureau.
4. "1963 MISSING (1963089N08145)". University of North Carolina at Asheville.
5. (1964). "National Summary". United States Weather Bureau.
6. (1963). "Annual Typhoon Report, 1963". Joint Typhoon Warning Center.
7. "Typhoon 196301 (OLIVE) – Detailed Track Information". National Institute of Informatics.
8. "1963 OLIVE (1963116N08146)". University of North Carolina at Asheville.
9. (29 April 1963). "Guam Gets Ready For Typhoon Olive". The Oregon Statesman.
10. (29 April 1963). "Typhoon Olive Undoes Repair Work On Guam". Corsicana Daily Sun.
11. (30 April 1963). "Typhoon Levels Homes on Saipan". The Corpus Christi Caller-Times.
12. (12 June 1963). "$1.3 Million Allocated For Typhoon Relief". The Corpus Christi Caller-Times.
13. (1 May 1963). "$5 Million Damages In Typhoon". Indiana Evening Gazette.
14. "1963 POLLY (1963147N12135)". University of North Carolina at Asheville.
15. (September 1963). "Mariners Weather Log September 1963". United States Weather Bureau.
16. (6 June 1963). "Typhoon Toll High". The Spokesman-Review.
17. "Typhoon 196303 (ROSE) – Detailed Track Information". National Institute of Informatics.
18. "1963 ROSE (1963158N20116)". University of North Carolina at Asheville.
19. "Digital Typhoon: Typhoon 196305 (TRIX) - General Information (Pressure and Track Charts)".
20. [http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/digital-typhoon/year/wnp/1963.html.en Digital Typhoon: Typhoon List (1963)]
21. "NAVAL AVIATION NEWS October 1963 TYPHOON TRACKERS RETURN".
22. "Historical Information".
23. "Digital Typhoon: Typhoon 196314 (GLORIA) - General Information (Pressure and Track Charts)".
24. (2009-07-31). "1963年葛樂禮(GLORIA)颱風".
25. "1963 Depression NOT_NAMED (1963264N17120)". University of North Carolina at Asheville.