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1954 Pacific hurricane season

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FieldValue
BasinEPac
Year1954
Track1954 Pacific hurricane season summary map.png
First storm formedJune 18, 1954
Last storm dissipatedNovember 1, 1954
Strongest storm by winds nameThree, Four, Nine, and Eleven
Strongest storm by winds winds75
Total depressions11
Total storms11
Total hurricanes4
Total intense0
Average wind speed1
Fatalities5 direct, 35 indirect
five seasons1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956
Atlantic season1954 Atlantic hurricane season
West Pacific season1954 Pacific typhoon season
North Indian season1950s North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons

| Strongest storm by winds name=Three, Four, Nine, and Eleven | Strongest storm by winds winds=75

The 1954 Pacific hurricane season featured below-average activity, with eleven tropical storms identified. The season officially started on May 15 and lasted until November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Pacific basin. The majority of the year's storm remained offshore and caused little to no adverse impact on land. However, a tropical storm in October brought flooding rain to Mexico and Guatemala that left five people dead and thousands homeless. An unknown disease in the storm's wake killed a further 35 people.

The relative lack of activity is a byproduct of limited monitoring tools at the time. In 1954, Pacific hurricanes were only able to be identified by ship reports (either post-trip logs or in situ transmissions) and coastal observations. No more than eight coastal cities reported regular observations. Additionally, only two cities, Empalme, Sonora, and Mazatlán, Sinaloa, launched radiosondes—a key factor in detecting tropical cyclones at the time—further limiting detection capabilities.

Systems

Tropical Storm One

|1-min winds=45

On June 17, an area of low pressure was identified on surface weather maps just off the coast of Guatemala. The following day, the system was classified as a tropical storm approximately 210 mi (340 km) southwest of Guatemala City. Tracking generally northwest, the system acquired maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (85 km/h). On June 20–21, the storm moved parallel to the Mexican coastline before turning north on June 22. It was last noted offshore on this day, approximately 50 mi (85 km) south of Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán.

Tropical Storm Two

|1-min winds=45 Tropical Storm Two existed from July 10 to July 16.

Hurricane Three

|1-min winds=75

This hurricane made landfall in the Baja California Peninsula.

Moisture from this system spread across the southwestern United States, reaching 2 in in the deserts of southern California. Floods covered a nearly 8 mi portion of U.S. 66.

Hurricane Four

|1-min winds=75 Hurricane Four existed from July 25 to August 1.

Tropical Storm Five

|1-min winds=45 Tropical Storm Five existed from September 2 to September 9.

Tropical Storm Six

|1-min winds=45 Tropical Storm Six existed from September 5 to September 9.

Tropical Storm Seven

|1-min winds=45 Tropical Storm Seven existed from September 15 to September 21.

Tropical Storm Eight

|1-min winds=45 Tropical Storm Eight existed from September 21 to September 27.

Hurricane Nine

|1-min winds=75 Hurricane Nine existed from September 27 to October 1.

Tropical Storm Ten

|1-min winds=45

Tropical Storm Ten existed from October 12 to October 14. Surface weather maps indicate the system had a central pressure of at most 1000 mbar (hPa; 29.53 inHg) on October 13.

Heavy rains from the storm affected much of Mexico, impacting areas as far north as Tampico. Flooding along the Pánuco River rendered 160 people homeless; electrical service and water supplies were disrupted. The towns of Panuco and Revenadero were largely destroyed; thousands of acres of crops were submerged and livestock loss was severe. Five people died due to flooding in coastal towns near Tampico. An unidentified disease in the storm's wake claimed 35 lives. Aid workers traveled along the swollen Pánuco River to distribute supplies, including food and snake bite serum. Severe flooding also plagued Guatemala, with thousands rendered homeless.

Hurricane Eleven

|1-min winds=75 Hurricane Eleven existed from October 26 to November 1.

Notes

References

References

  1. (May 22, 2014). "Background Information: East Pacific Hurricane Season". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
  2. (June 2, 2011). "Hurricane Research Division: Frequently Asked Questions". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
  3. Sandy Delgado. (2014). "Reanalysis of the 1954–1963 Atlantic hurricane season". National Hurricane Center.
  4. Sergio Serra C.. (April 1971). "Hurricanes and Tropical Storms of the West Coast of Mexico". American Meteorological Society.
  5. (1954). "June 17, 1954, Surface Weather Analysis". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
  6. Jack Williams. (May 17, 2005). "Background: California's tropical storms". USAToday.
  7. (February 2023). "A History of Significant Weather Events in Southern California". San Diego National Weather Service.
  8. (1954). "October 13, 1954, Surface Weather Analysis". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
  9. (October 15, 1954). "Many Homeless as Result of Floods In Tampico Area". Brownwood Bulletin.
  10. (October 16, 1954). "Disease Rages in Wake of Floods". The Terre Haute Tribune.
  11. (October 16, 1954). "Disease Follows Flood". Greeley Daily Tribune.
  12. (October 15, 1954). "Floods Hit Guatemala". The Eugene Guard.
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