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1953 Manitoba general election

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Field	Value
election_name	1953 Manitoba general election
country	Manitoba
flag_year	1921
type	parliamentary
previous_election	1949 Manitoba general election
previous_year	1949
outgoing_members	[elected members](23rd-manitoba-legislature)
election_date
elected_members	24th Manitoba Legislature
next_election	1958 Manitoba general election
next_year	1958
seats_for_election	57 seats of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba
majority_seats	29
colour1
leader1	Douglas Campbell
leader_since1	November 13, 1948
party1
leaders_seat1	Lakeside
last_election1	25
seats1	35
seat_change1	10
popular_vote1	117,887
percentage1	44.05%
swing1	5.35%
colour2
leader2	Errick Willis
leader_since2	June 9, 1936
party2
leaders_seat2	Turtle Mountain
last_election2	9
seats2	12
seat_change2	3
popular_vote2	56,278
percentage2	21.03%
swing2	2.02%
colour3
leader3	Lloyd Stinson
leader_since3	December 19, 1952
party3
leaders_seat3	Winnipeg South
last_election3	7
seats3	5
seat_change3	2
popular_vote3	44,332
percentage3	16.56%
swing3	9.04%
title	Premier
before_election	Douglas Lloyd Campbell
before_party
posttitle	Premier after election
after_election	Douglas Lloyd Campbell
after_party

The 1953 Manitoba general election was held on June 8, 1953 to elect Members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Manitoba, Canada. The election produced a majority government for the Liberal-Progressive party led by Douglas Campbell. His party won thirty-two of fifty-seven seats although with but 39 percent of the vote overall. To date this is the last election in which the Liberal Party won a majority of seats in Manitoba.

This was the first election held in Manitoba after the breakup of a ten-year coalition government led by the Liberal-Progressives and Progressive Conservatives. The coalition, which began in 1940, was ended in 1950 when the Progressive Conservatives crossed to the opposition side.

Prior to the 1949 election, Winnipeg's single at-large 10-member district was broken up into three four-member districts. The new districts, named Winnipeg Centre, Winnipeg North and Winnipeg South, elected four members each, through STV.

St. Boniface elected two members through STV.

(The 1953 election was to be the last provincial election in Manitoba to have multi-member districts and election by STV. After that election all Manitoba MLAs were elected through First-past-the-post voting in single-member districts.)

Each of the other districts elected one MLA using Instant-Runoff Voting. This was to be the last provincial election in Manitoba to use Instant-Runoff Voting in these districts.

The result of the election was a convincing victory for the Liberal-Progressive government of Premier Douglas Campbell, which won thirty-two of fifty-seven seats although with but 39 percent of the vote overall.

Three Independent Liberal-Progressives were also elected.

The Progressive Conservatives, led by Errick Willis, saw their representation in the legislature increase from nine to twelve members. This was a disappointing result for many in the party. Willis had been a prominent cabinet minister in the coalition government, and many questioned the sincerity of his new-found opposition to Campbell's ministry. The following year, he lost the leadership of the party to Dufferin Roblin.

The social democratic Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) suffered a disappointment under new leader Lloyd Stinson, falling from seven seats to five. Its 17 percent of the vote made it due about eight seats proportionally.

During the campaign, the Winnipeg Free Press newspaper devoted considerable attention to the return of the Social Credit Party in Manitoba. The party had not contested the previous provincial election, but was buoyed by the recent Social Credit victory in British Columbia and ran several candidates. The Free Press, which supported the Liberal-Progressives, and played up the threat of a Social Credit victory to rally popular support for the government. The actual threat posed by Social Credit was minimal: only two of its candidates were elected, although it did receive 13 percent of the vote.

The Communist Labor-Progressive Party also won representation in the legislature, with party incumbent Bill Kardash taking one of the four constituency seats in Winnipeg North. This was the last time that a Communist candidate won election to the Manitoba legislature, or indeed to any provincial legislature in Canada.

Two independent candidates were elected. Stephen Juba, the mayor of Winnipeg, was one of them.

Results

Party	Party leader	# of
candidates	Seats	Popular vote	[1949](1949-manitoba-general-election)	Elected	% Change	#	%	% Change
Douglas Campbell	50	25	32		104,976	39.22		Independent Liberal-Progressive	7
Total	175	57	57		267,636	100

Constituency results

Single-member constituencies

Arthur:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,360	100.00	Rejected votes	65	Turnout	3,425	78.88
Progressive Conservative	J. Arthur Ross	1,920	57.14

Assiniboia:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	8,642	100.00	Rejected votes	56	Turnout	8,698	57.50
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Alvin H. Mackling	3,078	35.62		Progressive Conservative	George E. Fournier	1,528	17.68		Social Credit	Florence M. Bloomfield	677

Fournier and Bloomfield were eliminated, and their votes were distributed as follows: Wightman 837, Mackling 768. 600 votes were non-transferable.

Final Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Alvin H. Mackling	3,846	44.50

Birtle:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,105	100.00	Rejected votes	15	Turnout	3,120	66.97
	Progressive Conservative	Francis Macdonald Manwaring	957	30.82

Brandon City:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	7,633	100.00	Rejected votes	143	Turnout	7,776	61.82
Progressive Conservative	(incumbent)Reginald Lissaman	3,514	46.04		Social Credit	W.A. Wyborn	1,056	13.83

Wyborn was eliminated, and his votes were distributed as follows: Lissaman 272, Creighton 138. 646 votes were non-transferable.

Second Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%
Progressive Conservative	(incumbent)Reginald Lissaman	3,786	49.60

Carillon:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	4,343	100.00	Rejected votes	111	Turnout	4,454	69.44
Social Credit	K.T. Kroeker	1,065	24.52

Cypress:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,933	100.00	Rejected votes	50	Turnout	3,983	70.78
Progressive Conservative	Dr. Roderick George Hurton	1,198	30.46		Social Credit	Marcel Philippe	950	24.15

Ferg was subsequently declared elected on transfers from Philippe.

Dauphin:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	5,182	100.00	Rejected votes	205	Turnout	5,387	77.48
Social Credit	William Bullmore	1,668	32.19		Progressive Conservative	(incumbent)Ernest N. McGirr	1,235	23.83		Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Frank Fulbrook	785

Bullmore was subsequently elected on transfers.

Deloraine-Glenwood:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,456	100.00	Rejected votes	16	Turnout	3,472	72.76
Progressive Conservative	(incumbent)James O. Argue	1,862	53.88

Dufferin:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	4,073	100.00	Rejected votes	163	Turnout	4,236	72.96
Social Credit	George Loeppky	1,329	32.63		Progressive Conservative	Earl Collins	911	22.37

McDonald was subsequently elected on transfers from Collins.

Emerson:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	4,704	100.00	Rejected votes	93	Turnout	4,797	83.40
Social Credit	George J. Friesen	220	4.68

Solomon was subsequently declared elected on transfers from Friesen.

Ethelbert:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,817	100.00	Rejected votes	102	Turnout	3,919	75.99
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Harry Basaraba	1,368	35.84		Progressive Conservative	John L. Solomon	276	7.23		Social Credit	Harry Dyck	225

Fairford:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	2,268	100.00	Rejected votes	58	Turnout	2,326	67.26
Social Credit	Fred G. Cook	659	29.06		Progressive Conservative	Daniel McFadyen	288	12.70		Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	John A. McDonald	249

Joseph H. Kacher entered the contest as an Independent Liberal-Progressive, but withdrew before election day. Anderson was subsequently elected on transfers.

Fisher:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	2,614	100.00	Rejected votes	134	Turnout	2,748	58.87
Independent	Leon W. Michalchuk	705	26.97		Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Elsie Lyon	211	8.07		Social Credit	David Heindrichs	144

Gilbert Plains:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,133	100.00	Rejected votes	50	Turnout	3,183	78.11
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Robert J. Wilson	989	31.57		Social Credit	E.P. Brown	695	22.18		Progressive Conservative	Bardette Elliott	380

Brown and Elliott were eliminated, and their votes were transferred as follows: Mitchell 239, Wilson 222. 614 votes were non-transferable.

Final Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Robert J. Wilson	1,211	38.65

Gimli:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,313	100.00	Rejected votes	48	Turnout	3,361	54.15
Social Credit	E.H. Fitch	867	26.17		Independent	John Firman	194	5.86

Gladstone:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%

Hamiota:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,351	100.00	Rejected votes	39	Turnout	3,390	65.68
Progressive Conservative	Edward P. Venables	1,227	36.62		Social Credit	Fred Charles	525	15.67

Charles was eliminated, and his votes were distributed as follows: Venables 123, Shuttleworth 88. 314 votes were non-transferable.

Second Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%
Progressive Conservative	Edward P. Venables	1,350	40.29

Iberville:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,728	100.00	Rejected votes	91	Turnout	3,819	63.13
Progressive Conservative	(incumbent)John McDowell	1,442	38.68		Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	John C. Hilgenga	665	17.41		Social Credit	C.F. Rempel	374

Hilgenga and Rempel were eliminated, and their votes were distributed as follows: Jarvis 207, McDowell 195. 637 votes were non-transferable.

Final Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%
Progressive Conservative	(incumbent)John McDowell	1,637	43.91

Kildonan—Transcona:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	12,101	100.00	Rejected votes	247	Turnout	12,348	61.91
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Russell Paulley	5,770	47.68		Social Credit	Dr. L.G. Carson	1,117	9.23		Independent	Steve Melnyk	820

Although Melnyk ran as an independent, he was supported by the local Progressive Conservative association.

Both Carson and Melnyk were eliminated after the first count. Paulley received 275 additional votes on transfers, while Bodie received 163. It is assumed that all of these transfers came from Melynk's total, and that Paulley was declared elected before Carson's ballots were scrutinized. For the purposes of this article, Carson's final vote total is listed under "votes not transferred".

Second Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Russell Paulley	6,045	49.95

Killarney:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,682	100.00	Rejected votes	51	Turnout	3,733	75.70
Progressive Conservative	(incumbent)Abram Harrison	1,786	48.51		Social Credit	G. Glen Paterson	666	18.09

Harrison was subsequently elected on transfers from Paterson.

Lakeside:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	4,080	100.00	Rejected votes	79	Turnout	4,159	72.34
Social Credit	James William Lee Tully	786	19.26		Progressive Conservative	Charles H. Spence	662	16.23		Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Hazel C. Allan	342

Lansdowne:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	4,286	100.00	Rejected votes	29	Turnout	4,315	65.99
Progressive Conservative	(incumbent)Thomas H. Seens	1,563	36.47		Social Credit	R.W. Doherty	709	16.54

Sutherland was subsequently elected on transfers from Doherty. The Winnipeg Free Press of June 12, 1953, indicates that Sutherland had 2,160 votes on the second count.

La Verendrye:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,779	100.00	Rejected votes	53	Turnout	3,832	62.93
Social Credit	Damase Dufresne	1,576	41.70

Manitou-Morden:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,418	100.00	Rejected votes	68	Turnout	3,486	64.20
Progressive Conservative	(incumbent)Hugh Morrison	1,606	46.99		Social Credit	Albert O'Donnell	758	22.18

Morrison was subsequently elected on transfers from O'Donnell.

Minnedosa:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,881	100.00	Rejected votes	71	Turnout	3,952	77.46
Social Credit	Gilbert Hutton	1,401	36.10		Progressive Conservative	John A. Burgess	1,047	26.98

Hutton was subsequently elected on transfers from Burgess.

Morris:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,563	100.00	Rejected votes	117	Turnout	3,680	65.27
Independent	(incumbent)Harry Shewman	1,528	42.89		Social Credit	Wilbert James Tinkler	844	23.69

Tinkler was eliminated, and his votes were distributed as follows: Shewman 432, Beaubien 58. 354 votes were not transferred.

Second Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%
Independent	(incumbent)Harry Shewman	1,960	55.01

Mountain:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,144	100.00	Rejected votes	25	Turnout	3,169	65.48
Social Credit	Dollard E. Lafreniere	894	28.44		Independent	John A. Mabon	399	12.69

Norfolk-Beautiful Plains:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	4,892	100.00	Rejected votes	44	Turnout	4,936	59.96
Social Credit	Charles J. McKinnon	1,394	28.50		Progressive Conservative	Harold A. Nelson	1,365	27.90

Nelson was eliminated, and his votes were distributed as follows: McKinnon 342, Burch 257. 766 votes were not transferred.

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Social Credit	Charles J. McKinnon	1,736	35.49

Portage la Prairie:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,766	100.00	Rejected votes	121	Turnout	3,887	73.97
Progressive Conservative	William C. Warren	1,329	35.29		Social Credit	Bernie H. Rempel	784	20.82

Rempel was eliminated, and his votes were transferred as follows: Warren 200, Greenlay 94. 490 votes were non-transferable.

Party	Candidate	Votes	%
Progressive Conservative	William C. Warren	1,529	40.60

Rhineland:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,137	100.00	Rejected votes	86	Turnout	3,223	67.09
Social Credit	Victor Peters	964	30.73		Progressive Conservative	Leo A. Recksiedler	565	18.01

Roblin:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	2,933	100.00	Rejected votes	116	Turnout	3,049	75.66
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Joseph Perchaluk	866	29.53		Social Credit	Earl D. McIntyre	366	12.48		Progressive Conservative	Fred E. Cowan	227

Rockwood:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	2,997	100.00	Rejected votes	47	Turnout	3,044	71.34
Progressive Conservative	H.J. Langrell	656	21.89		Social Credit	C.E. Toutant	389	12.98

Russell:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	4,128	100.00	Rejected votes	56	Turnout	4,184	80.37
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Michael Sotas	1,190	28.83		Progressive Conservative	Keith Porter	723	17.51		Social Credit	Charles H. Beswatherick	511

Clement was subsequently elected on transfers.

St. Andrews:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	5,142	100.00	Rejected votes	93	Turnout	5,235	65.08
Progressive Conservative	Keith H. Robson	1,366	26.57		Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Ernest Draffin	838	16.30

St. Clements:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	5,802	100.00	Rejected votes	259	Turnout	6,061	60.66
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Edgar E. Smee	1,495	25.77		Social Credit	Osborne A. Earle	959	16.53		Progressive Conservative	Walter H. Whyte	378

Fred Klym entered the contest as an Independent Liberal Progressive candidate, but withdrew before election day.

St. George:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	2,016	100.00	Rejected votes	36	Turnout	2,052	63.10
Social Credit	E.H. Hartfield	321	15.92

Halldorson was also supported by the St. George Progressive Conservative Association.

Springfield:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,845	100.00	Rejected votes	215	Turnout	4,060	51.68
Social Credit	William G. Storsley	1,365	35.50		Progressive Conservative	A.H. Watt	643	16.72

Watt was eliminated, and his votes were distributed as follows: Storsley 206, Lucko 128. 309 votes were not transferred.

Party	Candidate	Votes	%
Social Credit	William G. Storsley	1,571	40.86

Swan River:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	4,832	100.00	Rejected votes	64	Turnout	4,896	65.00
Progressive Conservative	(incumbent)George Renouf	2,383	49.32		Social Credit	Delbert L. Downs	1,508	31.21		Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Sam Einarson	757

Renouf was subsequently elected on transfers.

The Pas:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	8,069	100.00	Rejected votes	177	Turnout	8,246	61.42
Social Credit	William H. Calvert	1,668	20.67		Co-operative Commonwealth Federation	Arthur W. Thompson	1,526	18.91

Turtle Mountain:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,167	100.00	Rejected votes	57	Turnout	3,224	78.61
Progressive Conservative	(incumbent)Errick Willis	1,777	56.11		Social Credit	C.A. Ferguson	507	16.01

Virden:

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,803	100.00	Rejected votes	31	Turnout	3,834	75.40
Progressive Conservative	John Thompson	2,182	57.38

Eric Bailey was nominated for the Social Credit Party, but withdrew before election day. Herman Scheel was nominated in his place, but also withdrew after discovering that some electors who had signed his nomination papers believed they were endorsing Bailey.

Multi-member constituencies

St. Boniface

Two members elected

Valid votes in total = 19,557

Quota (amount that ensures election but not necessary to be elected) = 6,519

At the end there were 3954 exhausted votes, votes that were no longer in play, either because there were no back-up preferences marked or because the candidates that were marked had already been eliminated.

Two Liberal-Progressive candidates were declared elected when the field of candidates narrowed through eliminations of lowest-ranking candidates to the point where these two were the last remaining candidates to fill the two seats, which had still not been filled by that point. Being the last ones remaining, they were elected even though they did not have quota.

Winnipeg Centre

The surpluses of Swailes and Juba were not transferred, as they were too small to affect the final candidate order. Scott was declared elected to the fourth position, despite finishing below the quota.

Winnipeg North

Kardash and Turk were declared elected to the third and fourth positions, even though both finished below the quota. Because of vote transfers from Lib-Prog Brotman and from Prog-Conservative Carrick, Lib-Prog Turk passed Lib-Prog Kozoriz who was in fourth place to take a seat.

2480 exhausted votes at the end.

Winnipeg South

Stinson's surplus of 146 was not transferred, as it would not have affected the candidate order.

Deferred elections

The election in Rupertsland was deferred to July 6, due to the difficulties of enumeration in this vast northern constituency. The election in Ste. Rose was also deferred to July 6, after incumbent Liberal-Progressive candidate Maurice Dane MacCarthy died on the eve of the general election.

The election did not technically end until July 21, 1953, when the final results for Rupertsland were announced.

Rupertsland (deferred to July 6, 1953):

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	2,304	100.00	Rejected votes	92	Turnout	2,396	57.10
Independent	Charles Leo Abbott	186	8.07

The Progressive Conservatives initially nominated E.G. Perry, but he withdrew from the contest and endorsed Brown. Brown was declared elected following transfers from Abbott. The official Elections Manitoba report of this constituency lists Boulette as an official Liberal-Progressive candidate, but newspaper reports from the period indicate that he was an Independent Liberal-Progressive.

Ste. Rose:

First Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Total valid votes	3,343	100.00	Rejected votes	76	Turnout	3,419	69.32
Social Credit	Antoine Pineau	891	26.65

Pineau was eliminated, and his votes were transferred as follows: Molgat 192, Fletcher 83. 616 votes were not transferred.

Second Count

Party	Candidate	Votes	%
Votes Not Transferred		616	18.43

Sources

Results for the first ballot counts for all constituencies are taken from the 1954 Canadian Parliamentary Guide, and from Election Manitoba's "Historical Summaries" (printed as an appendix to the 2003 election results).

There are minor discrepancies between these sources for the Social Credit vote count in Brandon City, Manitou-Morden, Rockwood and Swan River. The sources also disagree as to the candidate order for Minnedosa on the first count (although both agree that Gilbert Hutton was subsequently elected). In each case, the "Historical Summaries" entry has been taken as more reliable.

All results after the first ballot are taken from reports in the Winnipeg Free Press. This paper made an obvious error in reporting Lloyd Stinson's fifth-vote count, which has been corrected here. Other than this, the results for multi-member constituencies may be taken as accurate and verifiable. For the single-member constituencies, it possible that Free Press reports differed from the final results in some particulars.

Post-election changes

Ivan Schultz (Mountain, LP) resigned his seat in the first half of 1955, while James O. Argue (Deloraine-Glenwood, PC) died in the same period. By-elections for both constituencies were held on June 27, 1955. The CCF concluded that it did not have a chance of victory in either seat, and declined to nominate candidates. Social Credit also planned to stay out of the elections, until Roger Poiron entered the Mountain poll without consulting the provincial party. Although not technically an official candidate, he still received support from the Social Credit organization.

The *Winnipeg Free Press'''s coverage indicates that the Campbell government was concerned with the results of the 1955 by-elections. Mountain had previously been regarded as one of the safest Liberal-Progressive seats in the province, and Boulic's performance was unexpectedly strong. Many leading government figures had campaigned for Clark in the campaign's final days, to ensure his victory. Clark received most of his support from Mountain's Anglophone majority and large Flemish community, while Boulic did well among French Canadians, who made up about one third of the voters.

St. George (dec. Christian Halldorson, 1956), December 30, 1956:

Elman Guttormson (LP) 1214
Magnusson (PC) 707
Allen (CCF) 510

Emerson (res. John Solomon, 1957), November 14, 1957:

John Tanchak (LP) 2183
Frank Casper (PC) 2008

[Note: These figures are taken from the Winnipeg Free Press, with 31 of 32 polls reporting. The outstanding poll was too small to affect the final result.]

Manitou-Morden (dec. Hugh Morrison, 1957), November 14, 1957:

Maurice Ridley (PC) 2240
David Lumgair (L) 1057

Gladstone (dec. William Morton, early 1958)

Dauphin (William Bullmore left the Social Credit party in either 1957 or 1958)

Arthur (dec. J. Arthur Ross, April 1, 1958)

References

''Winnipeg Free Press'', 28 June 1955, pp. 1, 4.
''Winnipeg Free Press'', 28 June 1955, pp. 1, 4.

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