1952 Pacific typhoon season

Season summary

ImageSize = width:1030 height:300 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:2 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/05/1952 till:01/02/1953 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/05/1952 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0.43,0.76,0.92) legend:Tropical_Depression_=≤62_km/h(≤39_mph) id:TS value:rgb(0.3,1,1) legend:Tropical_Storm_=62–88_km/h(39–54_mph) id:ST value:rgb(0.75,1,0.75) legend:Severe_Tropical_Storm_=89–117_km/h(55–72_mph) id:TY value:rgb(1,0.85,0.55) legend:Typhoon_=≥118_km/h(≥74_mph) Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:05/05/1952 till:09/05/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:16/05/1952 till:18/05/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:04/06/1952 till:07/06/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:09/06/1952 till:16/06/1952 color:TY text:"Charlotte" from:19/06/1952 till:24/06/1952 color:TY text:"Dinah" from:27/06/1952 till:29/06/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:28/06/1952 till:06/07/1952 color:TY text:"Emma" from:06/07/1952 till:07/07/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:10/07/1952 till:16/07/1952 color:TS text:"Freda" from:15/07/1952 till:21/07/1952 color:TS text:"Gilda" from:18/07/1952 till:19/07/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:24/07/1952 till:30/07/1952 color:TY text:"Harriet" from:03/08/1952 till:05/08/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:04/08/1952 till:04/08/1952 color:TD text:"TD" barset:break from:04/08/1952 till:07/08/1952 color:TS text:"Jeanne" from:05/08/1952 till:08/08/1952 color:TS text:"Ivy" from:12/08/1952 till:19/08/1952 color:TY text:"Karen" from:22/08/1952 till:30/08/1952 color:TY text:"Lois" from:25/08/1952 till:25/08/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:28/08/1952 till:04/09/1952 color:TY text:"Mary" from:01/09/1952 till:08/09/1952 color:TY text:"Nona" from:03/09/1952 till:03/09/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:07/09/1952 till:10/09/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:07/09/1952 till:14/09/1952 color:TS text:"12W" from:08/09/1952 till:09/09/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:12/09/1952 till:13/09/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:15/09/1952 till:20/09/1952 color:TY text:"Olive" from:16/09/1952 till:18/09/1952 color:TD text:"14W" barset:break from:18/09/1952 till:21/09/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:19/09/1952 till:21/09/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:24/09/1952 till:02/10/1952 color:TY text:"Polly" from:26/09/1952 till:27/09/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:29/09/1952 till:30/09/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:04/10/1952 till:10/10/1952 color:TY text:"Rose" from:05/10/1952 till:06/10/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:14/10/1952 till:16/10/1952 color:TS text:"Shirley" from:15/10/1952 till:22/10/1952 color:TY text:"Vae" from:16/10/1952 till:25/10/1952 color:TY text:"Trix" from:19/10/1952 till:20/10/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:21/10/1952 till:31/10/1952 color:TY text:"Wilma" from:22/10/1952 till:22/10/1952 color:TS text:"TS" from:22/10/1952 till:22/10/1952 color:TD text:"TD" barset:break from:29/10/1952 till:07/11/1952 color:TY text:"Agnes" from:06/11/1952 till:15/11/1952 color:TY text:"Bess" from:08/11/1952 till:09/11/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:08/11/1952 till:09/11/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:16/11/1952 till:22/11/1952 color:TY text:"Carmen" from:20/11/1952 till:27/11/1952 color:TY text:"Della" from:24/11/1952 till:24/11/1952 color:TD text:"TD" from:04/12/1952 till:05/12/1952 color:TS text:"Elaine" from:13/12/1952 till:22/12/1952 color:TY text:"Faye" from:18/12/1952 till:24/12/1952 color:TY text:"Gloria" from:25/12/1952 till:01/01/1953 color:TS text:"TS" from:27/12/1952 till:05/01/1953 color:TY text:"Hester"

bar:Month width:6 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/05/1952 till:01/06/1952 text:May from:01/06/1952 till:01/07/1952 text:June from:01/07/1952 till:01/08/1952 text:July from:01/08/1952 till:01/09/1952 text:August from:01/09/1952 till:01/10/1952 text:September from:01/10/1952 till:01/11/1952 text:October from:01/11/1952 till:01/12/1952 text:November from:01/12/1952 till:01/01/1953 text:December from:01/01/1953 till:01/02/1953 text:January

Systems

Typhoon Charlotte

|1-min winds=85 Typhoon Charlotte formed on June 10, near the Philippines. It then strengthened and made landfall as a minimal typhoon near Hong Kong before dissipating on June 15.

Typhoon Dinah

|1-min winds=75 Main article: Typhoon Dinah (1952)

On June 23, Dinah struck to the west of the Kanto Region in Japan. 65 people were killed and 70 were missing.

Typhoon Emma

|1-min winds=110 Typhoon Emma hit the Philippines and South China, especially Hainan Island.

Tropical Storm Freda

|1-min winds=45 Freda weakened to a tropical depression before hitting Kyushu.

Tropical Storm Gilda

|1-min winds=50

Typhoon Harriet

|1-min winds=100

Tropical Storm Ivy

|1-min winds=45

Tropical Storm Jeanne

|1-min winds=40

Typhoon Karen

|1-min winds=85

Typhoon Lois

|1-min winds=75

Typhoon Mary

|1-min winds=65

Typhoon Nona

|1-min winds=80

Tropical Storm 12W

|1-min winds=40

Typhoon Olive

|1-min winds=160 Tropical Storm Olive developed about 1600 mi southwest of Honolulu, Hawaii on September 13. The next day, the system intensified into a tropical storm. Rapidly intensifying, Olive became a typhoon on September 15. The next day, Olive strengthened into a Category 5-equivalent cyclone on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. Olive weakened into a Category 2 typhoon before recurving northeast. On September 19, the cyclone weakened further, becoming a severe tropical storm. it then transitioned into an extratropical cyclone and was last monitored on September 21.

Olive produced significant damage on Wake Island, where wind gusts reached 142 mph. Significant flooding was reported, and the majority of the structures were destroyed. However, few injuries were reported, and the island's facilities were restored the next year. Typhoon Olive remains one of the most intense tropical cyclones to affect the island.

Tropical Storm 14W

|1-min winds=35

Typhoon Polly

|1-min winds=70

Typhoon Rose

|1-min winds=80

Tropical Storm Shirley

|1-min winds=40

Typhoon Trix

|1-min winds=120 Main article: Typhoon Trix (1952)

Typhoon Trix formed near Micronesia on October 15, 1952, tracking southwest. It intensified rapidly, becoming a tropical storm on October 16 and a typhoon shortly after. Trix reached peak intensity as a Category 4 super typhoon with winds of 220 km/h (135 mph) and a central pressure of 965 hPa on October 20, while approaching the Philippines. Weakening slightly, Trix made landfall in the Bicol Region on October 21, traversing the central Philippines. It emerged into the South China Sea, briefly re-intensifying to Category 4 strength before weakening again. Trix made final landfall near Quảng Ngãi, Vietnam, as a tropical storm on October 25. The JMA ceased advisories inland, while the JTWC tracked its remnants into Thailand.

Trix caused catastrophic damage, killing over 1,400 people (995 in the Philippines, at least 405 in Indochina). In the Philippines, it devastated southern Luzon (especially Legazpi and Tabaco), Samar, Leyte, and the Bicol region. Winds reached 215 km/h, leveling tens of thousands of homes (30% damaged overall), destroying crops (including half of Leyte's rice), and causing widespread flooding. Damage was estimated at $60 million, leaving 500,000 homeless. Recovery efforts were hampered by communication failures and soggy airfields. In Vietnam, a tornado near Ho Chi Minh City killed 10, and a French aircraft crashed. It was called the "worst typhoon within living memory" in the Philippines.

Typhoon Vae

|1-min winds=65

After landfall, Vae rapidly weakened and degenerated into a tropical depression by October 21. The remnant system continued westward across Cambodia and Thailand, emerging into the North Indian Ocean near the Andaman Sea before fully dissipating on October 24.

Typhoon Wilma

|1-min winds=160

Typhoon Agnes

|1-min winds=150

Typhoon Bess

|1-min winds=100

Typhoon Carmen

|1-min winds=110

Typhoon Della

|1-min winds=150

Typhoon Elaine

|1-min winds=45

Typhoon Faye

|1-min winds=45

Typhoon Gloria

|1-min winds=130

Typhoon Hester

|1-min winds=160 Typhoon Hester formed on December 27, 1952, southeast of Majuro. It rapidly intensified, becoming a tropical storm by December 28 and a typhoon the same day. Moving north of the Caroline Islands, Hester underwent rapid intensification, reaching Category 5 super typhoon status with winds of 185 mph (295 km/h) and a central pressure of 905 hPa by December 31, just south of the Mariana Islands.

Hester began weakening on January 1, 1953, dropping to Category 4 strength by January 2 as it curved eastward. It rapidly weakened further, becoming a tropical storm on January 4 and a depression later that day. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) ceased tracking near Minami-Tori-shima, and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) declared it extratropical on January 5 before stopping tracking northeast of Wake Island on January 6.

Preparations in Guam included opening shelters, evacuating hospitals, and closing offices/businesses. Hester's northwest quadrant passed over Enewetak Atoll on December 28, generating 70 mph winds and 30-foot waves. The island suffered significant damage: the hospital, mess halls, clubs, tents, and a Coast Guard LORAN station were destroyed or damaged. Eighteen people were injured. Hester passed 130 miles south of Guam, causing minimal damage (crops lashed, a highway section washed away, and two wave recorders destroyed) and no casualties. Ujelang Atoll experienced stronger winds.

Storm names

References

References

1. [http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/cgi-bin/dt/dsummary.pl?id=195202&basin=wnp&lang=en Digital Typhoon: Disaster Information]
2. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. "1952 Joint Typhoon Warning Center "best track" data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
3. "Wayback Machine".
4. "IBTrACS - International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship".