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1940 United States Senate elections

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1940 United States Senate elections

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FieldValue
election_name1940 United States Senate elections
countryUnited States
flag_year1912
typelegislative
ongoingno
previous_election1938 United States Senate elections
previous_year1938
next_election1942 United States Senate elections
next_year1942
previous_seat_election1934 United States Senate elections
previous_seat_year1934
next_seat_election1946 United States Senate elections
next_seat_year1946
seat_classClass 1
seats_for_election34 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate
majority_seats49
election_dateNovember 5, 1940
image_size160x180px
1blankSeats up
2blankRaces won
party1Democratic Party (US)
image1File:Alben Barkley at desk cropped.jpg
leader1Alben Barkley
leader_since1July 22, 1937
leaders_seat1Kentucky
seats_before1**69**
seats_after1**66**
seat_change13
popular_vote119,715,831
percentage147.5%
1data1**25**
2data1**22**
party2Republican Party (US)
image2File:Warren Austin (3x4 cropped).jpg
leader2Warren Austin (acting)
leader_since2January 3, 1940
leaders_seat2Vermont
seats_before224
seats_after228
seat_change24
popular_vote2**19,831,926**
percentage2**47.8%**
1data29
2data213
party4Farmer–Labor Party
seats_before41
seats40
seat_change41
popular_vote4310,875
percentage42.57%
1data41
2data40
party5Progressive Party (Wisconsin)
seats_before51
seats51
seat_change5
popular_vote5605,609
percentage51.5%
1data51
2data51
party7Independent
seats_before71
seats_after71
seat_change7
1data70
2data70
map_image
map_size320px
map_caption**Results of the elections:**
titleMajority Leader
before_electionAlben Barkley
before_partyDemocratic Party (United States)
after_electionAlben Barkley
after_partyDemocratic Party (United States)

The 1940 United States Senate elections coincided with the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt to his third term as president. The 32 seats of Class 1 were contested in regular elections, and special elections were held to fill vacancies.

Although Roosevelt was re-elected, support for his administration had dropped somewhat after eight years, and the Republican opposition gained three seats from the Democrats. However, the New Deal Democrats regained firm control of both the House and Senate because Progressives dominated the election. The Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party also disappeared from the Senate, as Henrik Shipstead joined the Republican party and Ernest Lundeen had died during the preceding term. Senator Harry S. Truman of Missouri was elected to his final term in the Senate in 1940. Truman resigned in 1945 to serve as President Roosevelt's third Vice President.

Republicans later gained an additional seat through an appointment in Colorado.

Gains, losses, and holds

Retirements

One Republican and two Democrats retired instead of seeking re-election. One Republican retired instead of seeking election to finish the unexpired term.

StateSenatorReplaced byMaineOhioVermont (special)Washington

Defeats

Five Democrats and two Republicans sought re-election but lost in the primary or general election. One Democrat sought election to finish the unexpired term but lost in the general election.

StateSenatorReplaced byArizonaDelawareIllinoisIndianaNebraskaNorth DakotaUtahWest Virginia

Post-election changes

StateSenatorReplaced byNevadaArkansasColoradoSouth CarolinaSouth CarolinaSouth CarolinaTexasTexasMississippiMississippiWest Virginia

Party switches

One Farmer-Labor senator was re-elected as a Republican.

StateSenatorReplaced byMinnesota

Change in composition

Before the elections

RRRRRRRR

Election results

RRRRRRRR
IIndependent

|}

Race summaries

Special elections during the 76th Congress

In these special elections, the winner elected during 1940 and seated once qualified; ordered by election date.

StateIncumbentResultsCandidatesSenatorPartyElectoral historyIdaho
(Class 2)Illinois
(Class 2)Kentucky
(Class 2)Vermont
(Class 3)
John ThomasRepublican1928 (appointed)
[1928 (special)](1928-united-states-senate-special-election-in-idaho)
[1932 (lost)](1932-united-states-senate-election-in-idaho)
1940 (appointed)Interim appointee [elected](1940-united-states-senate-special-election-in-idaho) **November 5, 1940**.nowrap{{Plainlist
James M. SlatteryDemocratic1939 (appointed)Interim appointee lost election to finish term.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-special-election-in-illinois) **November 5, 1940**.
**Republican gain**.nowrap{{Plainlist
Happy ChandlerDemocratic1939 (appointed)Interim appointee [elected](1940-united-states-senate-special-election-in-kentucky) **November 5, 1940**.nowrap{{Plainlist
Ernest W. Gibson Jr.Republican1940 (appointed)Interim appointee retired.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-special-election-in-vermont) **November 5, 1940**.
Republican hold.nowrap{{Plainlist

Races leading to the 77th Congress

In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 1941; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

StateIncumbentResultsCandidatesSenatorPartyElectoral
historyArizonaCaliforniaConnecticutDelawareFloridaIndianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth DakotaOhioPennsylvaniaRhode IslandTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyoming
Henry F. AshurstDemocratic[1912](1912-united-states-senate-elections-in-arizona)
[1916](1916-united-states-senate-election-in-arizona)
[1922](1922-united-states-senate-election-in-arizona)
[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-arizona)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-arizona)Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-arizona).
Democratic hold.nowrap{{Plainlist
Hiram JohnsonRepublican[1916](1916-united-states-senate-election-in-california)
[1922](1922-united-states-senate-election-in-california)
[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-california)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-california)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-california).nowrap{{Plainlist
Francis T. MaloneyDemocratic[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-connecticut)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-connecticut).nowrap{{Plainlist
John G. Townsend Jr.Republican[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-delaware)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-delaware)Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-delaware).
**Democratic gain**.nowrap{{Plainlist
Charles O. AndrewsDemocratic[1936 (special)](1936-united-states-senate-special-elections-in-florida)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-florida).nowrap{{Plainlist
Sherman MintonDemocratic[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-indiana)Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-indiana).
**Republican gain**.nowrap{{Plainlist
Frederick HaleRepublican[1916](1916-united-states-senate-election-in-maine)
[1922](1922-united-states-senate-election-in-maine)
[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-maine)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-maine)Incumbent retired.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-maine).
Republican hold.nowrap{{Plainlist
George L. P. RadcliffeDemocratic[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-maryland)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-maryland).nowrap{{Plainlist
David I. WalshDemocratic[1918](1918-united-states-senate-election-in-massachusetts)
1924 (lost)
[1926 (special)](1926-united-states-senate-special-election-in-massachusetts)
[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-massachusetts)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-massachusetts)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-massachusetts).nowrap{{Plainlist
Arthur VandenbergRepublican1928 (appointed)
[1928 (special)](1928-united-states-senate-special-election-in-michigan)
[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-michigan)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-michigan)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-michigan).nowrap{{Plainlist
Henrik ShipsteadFarmer–Labor[1922](1922-united-states-senate-election-in-minnesota)
[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-minnesota)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-minnesota)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-minnesota) as a Republican.
**Republican gain**.nowrap{{Plainlist
Theodore G. BilboDemocratic[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-mississippi)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-mississippi).nowrap{{Plainlist
Harry S. TrumanDemocratic[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-missouri)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-missouri).nowrap{{Plainlist
Burton K. WheelerDemocratic[1922](1922-united-states-senate-election-in-montana)
[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-montana)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-montana)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-montana).nowrap{{Plainlist
Edward R. BurkeDemocratic[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-nebraska)Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-nebraska).
**Republican gain**.nowrap{{Plainlist
Key PittmanDemocratic[1913 (special)](1913-united-states-senate-special-election-in-nevada)
[1916](1916-united-states-senate-election-in-nevada)
[1922](1922-united-states-senate-election-in-nevada)
[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-nevada)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-nevada)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-nevada).
Winner died November 10, 1940, and Berkeley L. Bunker (D) was appointed both to finish the term and to start the next term.nowrap{{Plainlist
W. Warren BarbourRepublican1931 (appointed)
[1932 (special)](1932-united-states-senate-special-election-in-new-jersey)
[1936 (lost)](1936-united-states-senate-election-in-new-jersey)
[1938 (special)](1938-united-states-senate-special-election-in-new-jersey)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-new-jersey).nowrap{{Plainlist
Dennis ChávezDemocratic1935 (appointed)
[1936 (special)](1936-united-states-senate-special-election-in-new-mexico)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-new-mexico).nowrap{{Plainlist
James M. MeadDemocratic[1938 (special)](1938-united-states-senate-special-election-in-new-york)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-new-york).nowrap{{Plainlist
Lynn FrazierRepublican/
Nonpartisan League[1922](1922-united-states-senate-election-in-north-dakota)
[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-north-dakota)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-north-dakota)Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-north-dakota).
Republican hold.nowrap{{Plainlist
Vic DonaheyDemocratic[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-ohio)Incumbent retired.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-ohio).
**Republican gain**.nowrap{{Plainlist
Joseph F. GuffeyDemocratic[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-pennsylvania)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-pennsylvania).nowrap{{Plainlist
Peter G. GerryDemocratic[1916](1916-united-states-senate-election-in-rhode-island)
[1922](1922-united-states-senate-election-in-rhode-island)
[1928 (lost)](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-rhode-island)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-rhode-island)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-rhode-island).nowrap{{Plainlist
Kenneth McKellarDemocratic[1916](1916-united-states-senate-election-in-tennessee)
[1922](1922-united-states-senate-election-in-tennessee)
[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-tennessee)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-tennessee)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-tennessee).nowrap{{Plainlist
Tom ConnallyDemocratic[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-texas)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-texas)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-texas).nowrap{{Plainlist
William H. KingDemocratic[1916](1916-united-states-senate-election-in-utah)
[1922](1922-united-states-senate-election-in-utah)
[1928 (lost)](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-utah)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-utah)Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-utah).
Democratic hold.nowrap{{Plainlist
Warren AustinRepublican[1931 (special)](1931-united-states-senate-special-election-in-vermont)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-vermont)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-vermont).nowrap{{Plainlist
Harry F. ByrdDemocratic1933 (appointed)
[1933 (special)](1933-united-states-senate-special-election-in-virginia)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-virginia)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-virginia).nowrap{{Plainlist
Lewis B. SchwellenbachDemocratic[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-washington)Incumbent retired.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-washington).
Democratic hold.
Incumbent resigned December 16, 1940.
Winner appointed to finish the term.nowrap{{Plainlist
Rush Holt Sr.Democratic[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-west-virginia)Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator [elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-west-virginia).
Democratic hold.nowrap{{Plainlist
Robert M. La Follette Jr.Progressive[1925 (special)](1925-united-states-senate-special-election-in-wisconsin)
[1928](1928-united-states-senate-election-in-wisconsin)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-wisconsin)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-wisconsin).nowrap{{Plainlist
Joseph C. O'MahoneyDemocratic1933 (appointed)
[1934](1934-united-states-senate-election-in-wyoming)Incumbent [re-elected](1940-united-states-senate-election-in-wyoming).nowrap{{Plainlist

Closest races

Thirteen races had a margin of victory under 10%:

StateParty of winnerMarginIllinoisIndianaMissouriNorth DakotaDelawareWisconsinPennsylvaniaOhioMichiganIdaho (special)New YorkConnecticutWashington
Republican (flip)0.7%
Republican (flip)1.4%
Democratic2.5%
Republican3.0%
Democratic (flip)3.3%
Progressive3.9%
Democratic4.4%
Republican (flip)4.8%
Republican5.7%
Republican5.9%
Democratic6.6%
Democratic7.5%
Democratic8.4%

There is no tipping point state.

Arizona

McFarland:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Arizona

California

Progressive

Johnson:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in California

Connecticut

|County results |220px |Municipality results}} Cornell:

Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Connecticut

Delaware

Tunnell: Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Delaware

Florida

Andrews: Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Florida

Idaho (special)

Thomas:
Taylor:

Illinois (special)

Brooks:
Slattery: Main article: 1940 United States Senate special election in Illinois

Indiana

Willis:
Minton:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Indiana

Kentucky (special)

Main article: 1940 United States Senate special election in Kentucky

Chandler:
Smith:

Maine

Brewster:
Brann:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Maine

Maryland

Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Maryland

Nice:
Radcliffe:

Massachusetts

|[[File:1940 United States Senate election in Massachusetts results map by county.svg|300px]] |County results |[[File:1940 United States Senate Election in Massachusetts by Municipality.svg|300px|]] |Municipality results Parkman:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Massachusetts

Michigan

Vandenberg:
FitzGerald:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Michigan

Minnesota

Shipstead:
Benson: Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Minnesota

Mississippi

Bilbo:
White:
Tie: Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Mississippi

Missouri

Truman:
Davis:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Missouri

One-term Democrat Harry S. Truman was narrowly re-elected. He would only serve until resigning January 17, 1945, to become U.S. Vice President.

Montana

Wheeler: Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Montana

Nebraska

Butler:
Cochran:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Nebraska

Nevada

Pittman:
Platt:

Pittman suffered a severe heart attack just before the election on November 5, and two doctors told his aides before the election that death was imminent. To avoid affecting the election, the party told the press that the senator was hospitalized for exhaustion and that his condition was not serious. Pittman died on November 10 at the Washoe General Hospital in Reno, Nevada. Governor Edward Carville would go on to appoint Berkeley L. Bunker as his replacement.

In later years, a myth spread that Pittman had in fact died before the election, and his body had been kept on ice in the Mizpah Hotel in Tonopah so that Carville could appoint his replacement.

New Jersey

Barbour:
Cromwell: Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in New Jersey

New Mexico

Chevez:
Mitchell:

New York

Mead:
Barton:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in New York

The whole ticket nominated by Democrats and American Laborites was elected.

North Dakota

Langer:
Lemke:
Vogel:

Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in North Dakota

Ohio

Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Ohio

Pennsylvania

Guffey:
Cooke:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

Senator [[Peter G. Gerry

Tennessee

McKellar:
Baker:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Tennessee

Texas

Connally:

No vote: Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Texas

Utah

Murdock:
Farnsworth:

Vermont

There were 2 elections due to the June 20, 1940, death of two-term Republican Ernest Willard Gibson.

Vermont (regular)

|x220px |County results |x220px |Municipality results}} Austin:
Searles:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Vermont

Two-term Republican Warren Austin was easily re-elected. He faced no opponents in the primary.

Austin served only until his August 2, 1946, resignation to become U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations.

Vermont (special)

|x220px |County results |x220px |Municipality results}} Aiken:
Comings:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate special election in Vermont

Gibson's son, Republican Ernest W. Gibson Jr. was appointed June 24, 1940, to continue his father's term, pending a special election, in which he was not a candidate.

Aiken did not take the seat until January 10, 1941, as he wanted to remain Governor of Vermont. He would be repeatedly re-elected and serve until his 1975 retirement.

Virginia

Byrd:
Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Virginia

Washington

Wallgren:
Chadwick:

Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Washington

West Virginia

Kilgore:
Sweeney:

Wisconsin

La Follete Jr.:
Clausen:

Wyoming

O'Mahoney:
Simpson: Main article: 1940 United States Senate election in Wyoming

Notes

References

References

  1. (November 11, 1940). "CONGRESS: New Houses".
  2. Brandon, Leory D.. (1941). "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 5 1940". [[United States House of Representatives]].
  3. "OFFICIAL VOTE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS CAST AT THE GENERAL ELECTION, NOV. 5, 1940 JUDICIAL ELECTIONS, 1939-1940 PRIMARY ELECTION GENERAL PRIMARY, APRIL 9, 1940". Illinois State Board of Elections.
  4. "Statistics of the Congressional and Presidential election of November 5, 1940". Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House.
  5. Nevada Yesterdays. "The Truth Of The Legend Of Key Pittman". KNPR.
  6. (May 2003). "Myth #88 - Key Pittman on Ice". State Library and Archives, Department of Administration, State of Nevada.
  7. Heard, Alexander. (1950). "Southern Primaries and Elections 1920-1949". University of Alabama Press.
  8. "VT Elections Database » Search Elections".
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