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1928 New Zealand general election
Election of 1928
Election of 1928
| Field | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| election_name | 1928 New Zealand general election | |
| country | New Zealand | |
| flag_year | 1928 | |
| type | parliamentary | |
| ongoing | no | |
| previous_election | 1925 New Zealand general election | |
| previous_year | 1925 | |
| outgoing_members | 22nd New Zealand Parliament | |
| next_election | 1931 New Zealand general election | |
| next_year | 1931 | |
| seats_for_election | All 80 seats in the House of Representatives | |
| 41 seats were needed for a majority | ||
| election_date | 13 (Māori) & 14 November (general) 1928 | |
| elected_mps | [elected members](23rd-new-zealand-parliament) | |
| turnout | 88.01% | |
| image1 | [[File:Joseph Ward c. 1906.jpg | 200x200px]] |
| leader1 | Sir Joseph Ward | |
| leader_since1 | [17 September 1928](1928-united-party-new-zealand-leadership-election) | |
| party1 | United Party (New Zealand) | |
| leaders_seat1 | Invercargill | |
| last_election1 | 11 seats, 22.4% | |
| seats1 | **27** | |
| seat_change1 | 16 | |
| popular_vote1 | 225,042 | |
| percentage1 | 29.75% | |
| swing1 | 7.26% | |
| image2 | [[File:Joseph Gordon Coates, 1931.jpg | 200x200px]] |
| leader2 | Gordon Coates | |
| leader_since2 | [27 May 1925](1925-reform-party-new-zealand-leadership-election) | |
| party2 | Reform Party (New Zealand) | |
| leaders_seat2 | Kaipara | |
| last_election2 | 55 seats, 47.7% | |
| seats2 | **28** | |
| seat_change2 | 27 | |
| popular_vote2 | **263,382** | |
| percentage2 | **34.82%** | |
| swing2 | 9.97% | |
| image4 | [[File:Harry Holland (1925).jpg | 200x200px]] |
| leader4 | Harry Holland | |
| leader_since4 | [27 August 1919](1919-new-zealand-labour-party-leadership-election) | |
| party4 | New Zealand Labour Party | |
| leaders_seat4 | Buller | |
| last_election4 | 12 seats, 27.2% | |
| seats4 | 19 | |
| seat_change4 | 7 | |
| popular_vote4 | 198,092 | |
| percentage4 | 26.19% | |
| swing4 | 3.50% | |
| image5 | [[File:Harold Montague Rushworth (1940).jpg | 200x200px]] |
| leader5 | Harold Rushworth | |
| leader_since5 | November 1928 | |
| leaders_seat5 | Bay of Islands | |
| party5 | Country Party (New Zealand) | |
| last_election5 | 0 seats, 0.3% | |
| seats5 | 1 | |
| seat_change5 | 1 | |
| popular_vote5 | 11,990 | |
| percentage5 | 1.59% | |
| swing5 | 1.24% | |
| map_image | 1928 New Zealand general election - Results.svg | |
| map_size | 400px | |
| map_caption | Results of the election. | |
| title | Prime Minister | |
| posttitle | Subsequent Prime Minister | |
| before_election | Gordon Coates | |
| after_election | Joseph Ward | |
| before_party | Reform Party (New Zealand) | |
| after_party | United Party (New Zealand) |
41 seats were needed for a majority
The 1928 New Zealand general election was held on 13 and 14 November in the Māori and European electorates, respectively, to elect 80 MPs to the 23rd session of the New Zealand Parliament.
1928 was the year postal voting was introduced for certain specified groups (e.g. invalids) who could not get to a polling booth on election day.
The election
The 1928 election was held on Tuesday, 13 November in the Māori electorates, and on Wednesday, 14 November in the general electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 23rd session of Parliament. A total of 844,633 electors were registered on the European roll, of which 743,691 (88.05%) turned out to vote. All 80 electorates were contested. 47 and 29 electorates were in the North Island and South Island, respectively, plus the 4 Māori electorates.
In 1927, a faction of the decaying Liberal Party formed a new organisation, which was eventually named the United Party. In 1928, to the considerable surprise of most observers and many members of the party itself, United won a considerable victory, taking Auckland East and Grey Lynn from Labour. The United Government came to power with Labour support. Labour, forming the official opposition since 1926, were thus replaced by Reform. Six Independents were elected (most with allegiances to the main parties. Four of these backed United, one supported Reform and one favoured neither.
The electorate went to Harold Rushworth of the Country Party after a recount of the votes, but the election was declared void January 1929. Rushworth won the resulting by-election. This marked the Country Party's first entry into Parliament, where it would retain a presence until 1938.
Result by party
The table below shows the result of the 1928 election.
| [[File:1928 nz parliament.svg | center]] | Election results | Party | Candidates | Total votes | Percentage | Seats won | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 74 | 271,259 | 35.87 | **28**1 | -27 | ||||
| 60 | 228,438 | 30.20 | **27**2 | +16 | ||||
| 59 | 197,953 | 26.17 | **19** | +7 | ||||
| 5 | 11,990 | 1.59 | **1** | +1 | ||||
| 3 | 4,924 | 0.65 | **0** | ±0 | ||||
| 30 | 41,767 | 5.52 | **5** | +3 | ||||
| Total | 231 | 756,331 | **80** |
1 Includes two who won as Independent Reform
2 previously contested as
Votes summary
Initial composition of the 23rd Parliament
The United Party was organised in the House of Representatives, prior to the dissolution of the 22nd Parliament.
The Auckland Star reported on 18 September 1928, that:
...the United Party were assembled yesterday in Wellington when Sir Joseph Ward accepted the leadership of the party. It had previously been decided, by unanimous resolution, that the party should go to the polls as "The United Party"...
The Evening Post newspaper reported on the same day that:
The Rt. Hon. Sir Joseph Ward took his seat as Leader of the United Party in the House of Representatives this afternoon, Mr G.W. Forbes, who has led the Nationalist Party up to the present, relinquishing his former place in favour of Sir Joseph. From now until the end of the session the Nationalist Party ceases to exist under that name.
Key
| - |
|---|
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| winner-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = Country Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Liberal-Labour (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Independent politician |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = Independent politician |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Country Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = Independent politician |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Liberal-Labour (New Zealand) |
| - |
| Hauraki |
| - |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Independent politician |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = Independent politician |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = Independent politician |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Independent politician |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = Independent politician |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| incumbent-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = New Zealand Labour Party |
| second-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| - |
| - |
| incumbent-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Ratana |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Ratana |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| winner-party = United Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Ratana |
| incumbent-party = Reform Party (New Zealand) |
| second-party = Ratana |
| } |
Notes
References
References
- "General elections 1853-2005 - dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand.
- (27 October 1928). "General Election". [[Auckland Star]].
- (26 November 1928). "State of Parties". [[Auckland Star]].
- (18 September 1928). "Leadership Settled". [[Auckland Star]].
- (18 September 1928). "New Leader Takes His Seat". [[The Evening Post (New Zealand).
- (30 October 1928). "Electoral Notices". [[The Press]].
- "Robertson, Dugald Macdonald, fl 1909-1971 : Papers". [[National Library of New Zealand]].
- (5 November 1928). "Notice of nominations received and polling places appointed". Dunstan Times.
- (26 October 1928). "Christchurch Nominations". [[The Press]].
- (8 November 1928). "Straight Grained". [[New Zealand Truth]].
- (22 November 1922). "Labour's Candidates". [[Maoriland Worker]].
- (27 October 1928). "Nominations". [[Otago Daily Times]].
- (29 October 1928). "The election : nomination day". [[Evening Star (Dunedin).
- (7 May 1928). "Election Candidates". [[The New Zealand Herald]].
- (6 June 1941). "Death in Action". [[The New Zealand Herald]].
- (30 October 1928). "Electoral notices". [[The Press]].
- (30 October 1928). "General notices". Manawatu Times.
- (29 October 1928). "Electoral". [[Auckland Star]].
- (30 October 1928). "Notice of nominations received and polling places appointed". [[Wairarapa Daily Times]].
- (19 October 1928). "Patea". [[The Evening Post (New Zealand).
- (29 October 1928). "General election : date drawing nearer". Franklin Times.
- (24 November 1928). "Declarations of result of poll for the electoral district of Tauranga". [[Bay of Plenty Times]].
- (1 November 1928). "Public notices". [[Waihi Daily Telegraph]].
- (26 March 1930). "Personal Items". [[The Evening Post (New Zealand).
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