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1919 Austrian Constituent Assembly election

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Field	Value
country	Austria
type	parliamentary
previous_election	1911 Cisleithanian legislative election
previous_year	1911
next_election	1920 Austrian legislative election
next_year	1920
seats_for_election	All 170 seats in the Constituent Assembly
majority_seats	86
election_date	16 February 1919
turnout	84.49%
image_size	130x130px
image1	Der neue Präsident der deutschösterreichischen Nationalversammlung (Karl Seitz) 1919 WIZ C. Pietzner.png
leader1	Karl Seitz
party1	Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria
seats1	72
popular_vote1	1,211,393
percentage1	40.76%
image2	Jodok_Fink_(1909–1910).tif
leader2	Jodok Fink
party2	CS and allies
seats2	69
popular_vote2	1,068,259
percentage2	35.94%
image3	3x4.svg
party3	German-Nationals
color3	3264B4
seats3	26
popular_vote3	547,058
percentage3	18.41%
map_image	1919 Austrian legislative election - Results.svg
map_caption	Results of the election, showing seats won by constituency. Constituencies are shaded according to the first-place party. Representatives were appointed in crosshatched regions (South Tyrol and Lower Styria) where elections did not take place.
title	Chancellor
before_election	Karl Renner
before_party	Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria
after_election	Karl Renner
after_party	Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria

Constituent Assembly elections were held in Austria on 16 February 1919.{{Cite book

The Social Democratic Workers' Party emerged as the largest party, winning 72 of the 170 seats. The party was largely supported by the working class, whilst farmers and the middle class voted mainly for the anti-Anschluss Christian Social Party. Voter turnout was 84.4%. As Czechoslovakia prevented their eligible population from participating in the election, and Italy and Yugoslavia had gained control of South Tyrol (as a result of the 1915 Treaty of London) and Lower Styria (following border conflicts), respectively, voting only was held in small parts of those eligible territories, and representatives were instead appointed in proportion to parties' total overall vote share.

The first meeting of the assembly was on 4 March 1919. The Sudeten German Social Democrats organised a series of demonstrations in support of their right of self-determination. Across seven cities 54 persons were killed and another 84 wounded by the Czech military and police.

Electoral system

The members of the Constituent National Assembly were elected in multi-member constituencies having between four and nine seats each by proportional representation. The smallest constituency was originally set to elect three seats, but did not do so due to Yugoslavia having gained control of most of Lower Styria.

This election was the first election in which all women were allowed to vote. German citizens living in Austria, Lower Styria, and South Tyrol and Sudeten Germans living in the newly-formed Czechoslovakia were also allowed to vote in the elections, despite Czechoslovak objections. Austrian citizens living in Germany were also allowed to vote in the elections for the Weimar National Assembly in the same year.

Results

The two main parties, the SDAPÖ and the CS, formed a coalition government after the elections. Although it had broken up by mid-1920, it was followed for a short time by a transitional coalition of SDAPÖ, CS, and the Greater German People's Party, a successor of the German People's Party following a merger with the Greater German Union. Ultimately, a new constitution was agreed on 1 October 1920. Fresh elections were held on 17 October.

References

Graham, Malbone W.. (1930). "Foreign Governments and Politics: The Constitutional Crisis in Austria". The American Political Science Review.
Nohlen & Stöver, p173
"Austrians, Czechs, and Sudeten Germans as a Community of Conflict in the Twentieth Century". Center for Austrian Studies, Minnesota.
(2011-03-06). "85 Jahre allgemeines Frauenwahlrecht in Österreich".
[https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1919/02/16/97073900.pdf AUSTRIA VOTES TODAY. - German Part of Former Dual Monarchy Chooses Its Constituent Assembly.], ''[[The New York Times]]'', February 16, 1919 ([[Portable Document Format. PDF]])
[https://bmi.gv.at/412/Nationalratswahlen/files/NRW_1919.pdf Government of Austria]

Info: Wikipedia Source

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