1916 United States Senate elections

Gains, losses, and holds

Retirements

Four Republicans and two Democrats retired instead of seeking re-election.

Defeats

Nine Democrats and five Republicans sought re-election but lost in the primary or general election.

Post-election changes

Eight Democrats and two Republicans died during the 65th Congress, and initially were all replaced by appointees except in Wisconsin. In Wisconsin, Democratic Senator Paul O. Husting died on October 21, 1917, and his seat remained vacant until an April 1918 election.

Change in composition

Before the elections

Elections results

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Race summaries

Special elections during the 64th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1916 or before March 4, 1917; ordered by election date.

Elections leading to the 65th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1917; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

Closest races

Eighteen races had a margin of victory under 10%:

Arizona

Ashurst:
Kibbey: Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Arizona

Arkansas (special)

Kirby:
Remmel:
Three-term Democratic Senate President pro tempore James Paul Clarke died on October 1, 1916.

Democrat William F. Kirby was elected on November 7, 1916, to finish the term. He served only the rest of this term, losing renomination in 1920.

California

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in California

Johnson:
Patton:

Connecticut

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Connecticut

|County results |220px |Municipality results}} Cummings:

Delaware

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Delaware

Wolcott:

Florida

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Florida

Trammell:

Indiana

There were two elections held on November 7, 1916, due to a vacancy. The elections converted both seats from Democratic to Republican, thus marking the first time since the popular-election of senators was mandated by the Seventeenth Amendment three years earlier that both Senate seats in a state flipped from one party to the other in a single election cycle.

Indiana (special)

Main article: 1916 United States Senate special election in Indiana

Watson:
Taggart:

Two-term Democrat Benjamin F. Shively was re-elected in 1914 and served until he died on March 14, 1916. Democrat Thomas Taggart was appointed by Governor Samuel Ralston on March 20 to continue the term until a November 7, 1916, special election. Taggart lost the special election to Republican James Eli Watson.

Watson would finish out the term, be re-elected twice, and serve until his 1932 re-election loss.

Indiana (regular)

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Indiana

New:
Kern:

One-term Democrat John W. Kern was elected in 1911. He lost re-election to Republican Harry Stewart New.

New served only until losing renomination in 1922. Kern died on August 17, 1917, the same year he left the U.S. Senate.

Maine

There were two elections due to a vacancy. Both elections were held on September 11, 1916, as Maine routinely held its annual elections in September at the time.

Maine (special)

Fernald:
Sillis:

One-term Republican Edwin C. Burleigh was elected in 1913, and died on June 16, 1916. Republican Bert M. Fernald was elected on September 12, 1916, to finish the term.

Fernand would later be re-elected twice and serve until his 1926 death.

Maine (regular)

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Maine

Hale:
Johnson:

One-term Democrat Charles Fletcher Johnson was elected in 1911. He lost re-election to Republican Frederick Hale.

Hale would later be re-elected three times and serve until his 1935 retirement.

Maryland

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Maryland

France:
Lewis:

Massachusetts

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Massachusetts

Lodge:
Fitzgerald:

Michigan

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Michigan

Townsend:
Price:

Minnesota

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Minnesota

Kellogg:
Lawler:

Mississippi

Williams: No Data/Vote:

Missouri

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Missouri

Reed:

Dickey:

Montana

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Montana

Myers:
Pray:

Nebraska

Hitchcock:
Kennedy:
Tie:

Nevada

Pittman:
Platt:
Miller:

New Jersey

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in New Jersey

Martine:
Frelinghuysen:

New Mexico

Jones:
Hubbell:

New York

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in New York

Calder:
Patton:

North Dakota

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in North Dakota

** McCumber**:
Burke:

Ohio

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Ohio

Pomerene:
Herrick:

Pennsylvania

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania

Knox:
Orvis:

Rhode Island

Gerry: Lippitt:

Tennessee

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Tennessee

McKellar:
Hooper:

Texas

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Texas

Incumbent Democrat Charles Culberson survived a challenge from former Governor Oscar Colquitt in the Democratic primary, then easily won the general election.

Culberson:

Atcheson:

No vote:

Utah

King:
Sutherland:

Vermont

Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Vermont

|x220px |County results |x220px |Municipality results}} Page:
Miller:

The 1916 United States Senate election in Vermont took place on November 7, 1916. It was the second direct election for the U.S. Senate to take place in Vermont following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, and the first for Vermont's Class I seat. The incumbent, Republican Carroll S. Page, successfully ran for re-election to a second full term.

In the primary election held on September 11, Page gained re-nomination by winning 62 percent of the vote to defeat former governor Allen M. Fletcher (20.3) and current governor Charles W. Gates (17.7).

With the Republican Party dominant in Vermont, as it had been since its founding in the 1850s, Democratic candidate Oscar C. Miller was little more than a token opponent for Page. In the general election, Page defeated Miller 74.4 percent to 23.5.

Virginia

Washington

Poindexter:
Turner:

West Virginia

Sutherland:
Chilton:

Wisconsin

La Follette:
Wolfe:
Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

Wyoming

Kendrick:
Clark:
No Data/Vote:
Main article: 1916 United States Senate election in Wyoming

Notes

References

References

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51. "Our Campaigns - NV US Senate Race - Nov 07, 1916".
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54. "Our Campaigns - NM US Senate Race - Nov 07, 1916".
55. "NY US Senate". Our Campaigns.
56. "General Election - November 7, 1916". North Dakota Secretary of State.
57. "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 7, 1916". U.S. Government Printing Office.
58. "Our Campaigns - OH US Senate Race - Nov 07, 1916".
59. "PA US Senate". OurCampaigns.
60. "RI US Senate".
61. "TN US Senate".
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63. [[Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives]]. (1917). "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 6, 1916". [[U.S. Government Printing Office]].
64. "Our Campaigns – TX US Senate Race – Nov 07, 1916".
65. "Our Campaigns - UT US Senate Race - Nov 07, 1916".
66. "General Election Results - U.S. Senator - 1914-2014". Office of the Vermont Secretary of State.
67. (November 7, 1916). "Fair Weather for Today's Election -- Fair Weather Assured". [[The Burlington Free Press]].
68. (January 4, 1917). "Vote for U.S. Senator". [[The Burlington Free Press]].
69. (September 19, 1916). "State Primary Official Vote". [[Rutland Herald]].
70. Hand, Samuel B. (Fall 1980). "The Mechanisms of Control: The Mountain Rule". Montpelier, VT.