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1911 Canadian federal election

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Field	Value
election_name	1911 Canadian federal election
country	Canada
flag_year	1868
type	parliamentary
ongoing	no
party_colour	no
party_name	no
previous_election	1908 Canadian federal election
previous_year	1908
next_election	1917 Canadian federal election
next_year	1917
seats_for_election	221 seats in the House of Commons
majority_seats	111
turnout	70.2%{{cite web	title=Voter Turnout at Federal Elections and Referendums
url	http://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=ele&dir=turn&document=index&lang=e	access-date=10 March 2019}} ( 0.1 pp)
election_date	September 21, 1911
elected_members	12th Canadian Parliament
outgoing_members	11th Canadian Parliament
image1	[[File:Robert Laird Borden cph.3b31281 (cropped).jpg	200x200px]]
colour1
leader1	Robert Borden
leader_since1	February 6, 1901
party1
leaders_seat1	Halifax
last_election1	85 seats, 46.2%
seats1	132
seat_change1	47
popular_vote1	632,539
percentage1	48.56%
swing1	2.35 pp
image2	[[File:Sir Wilfrid Laurier - Bain.jpg	200x200px]]
colour2
leader2	Wilfrid Laurier
leader_since2	June 2, 1887
party2
leaders_seat2	Soulanges
Quebec East
last_election2	133 seats, 48.9%
seats2	85
seat_change2	48
popular_vote2	596,871
percentage2	45.82%
swing2	3.05 pp
map_image	Canada 1911 Federal Election.svg
title	Prime Minister
posttitle	Prime Minister after election
before_election	Wilfrid Laurier
before_party
after_election	Robert Borden
after_party
map2_image	Cdn1911.PNG
map2_size	380px
map2_caption	The Canadian parliament after the 1911 election

Quebec East The 1911 Canadian federal election was held on September 21, 1911, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 12th Parliament of Canada.

The central issue was Liberal support for a proposed agreement with the United States president William Howard Taft to lower tariffs. The Conservative Party denounced it with claims it would weaken ties with Britain, hurt the Canadian economy and Canadian identity, and lead to American annexation of Canada. The idea of a Canadian Navy was also an issue.

The Conservatives won, and Robert Borden became the eighth prime minister. The election ended 15 years of government by the Liberal Party of Wilfrid Laurier.

Navy

The Liberal government was caught up in a debate over the naval arms race between the British Empire and Germany. Laurier attempted a compromise by starting up the Canadian Navy (now the Royal Canadian Navy) but failed to appease either the French-Canadians or English-Canadians: the former refused giving any aid, and the latter suggested sending money directly to Britain. After the election, the Conservatives drew up a bill for naval contributions to the British, but it was held up by a lengthy Liberal filibuster before it was passed in the House of Commons by invoking closure, only to be defeated by the Liberal-controlled Senate.

Ties to Britain

Many English Canadians in British Columbia and the Maritimes felt that Laurier was abandoning Canada's traditional links to their mother country, Great Britain. On the other side, the Quebec nationalist Henri Bourassa, who had earlier quit the Liberal Party over what he considered the government's pro-British policies, campaigned against Laurier in the province. Ironically, Bourassa's attacks on Laurier in Quebec aided in the election of the Conservatives, who held policies that were more staunchly imperialist than those of the Liberals.

In mid-1910, Laurier had attempted to kill the naval issue, which was setting English-Canadians against French-Canadians by opening talks for a reciprocity treaty with the United States. He believed that an economically favourable treaty would appeal to most Canadians and have the additional benefit of dividing the Conservatives between the western wing of the party, which had long wanted free trade with the United States, and the eastern wing, which was more hostile to Continentalism.

In January 1911, Laurier and US President William Howard Taft announced that they signed a reciprocity agreement, which they decided to pass by concurrent legislation rather than a formal treaty, as would normally have been the case. As such, the reciprocity agreement had to be ratified by both houses of the US Congress rather than just the US Senate, which Laurier would later regret.

Ties to United States

The base of Liberal support shifted to Western Canada, which sought markets for its agricultural products. The party had long been a proponent of free trade with the United States. The protected manufacturing businesses of Central Canada were strongly against the idea. The Liberals, who by ideology and history had strongly supported free trade, decided to make the issue the central plank of their re-election strategy, and they negotiated a free trade agreement in natural products with the United States.

Clark speech

Allen argues that two speeches by American politicians gave the Conservatives the ammunition needed to arouse anti-American, pro-British sentiments, which provided the winning votes. The Speaker of the US House of Representatives was a Democrat, Champ Clark, and he declared, on the floor of the House, "I look forward to the time when the American flag will fly over every square foot of British North America up to the North Pole. The people of Canada are of our blood and language." Clark went on to suggest in his speech that reciprocity agreement was the first step towards the end of Canada, a speech that was greeted with "prolonged applause" according to the Congressional Record. The Washington Post reported, "Evidently, then, the Democrats generally approved of Mr. Clark's annexation sentiments and voted for the reciprocity bill because, among other things, it improves the prospect of annexation."

The Chicago Tribune, in an editorial, condemned Clark and warned that Clark's speech might have fatally damaged the reciprocity agreement in Canada and stated, "He lets his imagination run wild like a Missouri mule on a rampage. Remarks about the absorption of one country by another grate harshly on the ears of the smaller."

A Republican Representative, William Stiles Bennet, a member of the House Foreign Relations Committee, introduced a resolution that asked the Taft administration to begin talks with Britain on how the United States might best annex Canada. Taft rejected the proposal and asked the committee to take a vote on the resolution, which only Bennett supported, but the Conservatives now had more ammunition. Since Bennett, a strong protectionist, had been an opponent of the reciprocity agreement, the Canadian historian Chantal Allen suggested that Bennett had introduced his resolution deliberately to inflame Canadian opinion against the reciprocity agreement. Clark's speech had already provoked massive outrage in Canada. Bennett's resolution was taken by many Canadians as more proof that the Conservatives were right that the reciprocity agreement would result in the US annexing Canada.

The Washington Post noted that the effect of Clark's speech and Bennett's resolution in Canada had "roused the opponents of reciprocity in and out of Parliament to the highest pitch of excitement they have yet reached". English Canada's most widely read newspaper, The Montreal Daily Star, which had originally supported the Liberals and reciprocity, now did a volte-face and turned against the reciprocity agreement. In an editorial, it wrote, "None of us realized the inward meaning of the shrewdly framed offer of the long headed American government when we first saw it. It was as cunning a trap as ever laid. The master bargainers of Washington have not lost their skill."

Anti-Americanism

Contemporary accounts mentioned in the aftermath of Clark's speech that anti-Americanism was at an all-time high in Canada. Many American newspapers advised their readers that if they visited Canada, they should not identify themselves as American, or they could become the objects of abuse and hatred from the Canadians. The New York Times, in a July 1911 report stated that Laurier was "having the fight of his career to carry reciprocity at all". One Conservative MP compared the relationship of Finance Minister William Stevens Fielding and Taft to Samson and Delilah, with Fielding having "succumbed to the Presidential blandishments."

When the reciprocity agreement was submitted by Laurier to the House of Commons for ratification by Parliament, the Conservatives waged a vigorous filibuster against the reciprocity agreement on the floor of the House. Although the Liberals still had two years left in their mandate, they decided to call an election to settle the issue after it had aroused controversy, and Laurier was unable to break the filibuster.

Borden largely ran on a platform of opposing the reciprocity agreement under the grounds that it would "Americanize" Canada and claimed that there was a secret plan on the part of the Taft administration to annex Canada, with the reciprocity agreement being only the first step. In his first speech given in London, Borden declared, "It is beyond doubt that the leading public men of the United States, its leading press, and the mass of its people believe annexation of the Dominion to be the ultimate, inevitable, and desirable result of this proposition, and for that reason support it."

To support his claims, the Conservatives produced thousands of pamphlets reproducing the speeches of Clark and Bennett, which encouraged a massive burst of anti-Americanism that was sweeping across English Canada in 1911.

One American newspaper wrote that the Conservatives were portraying the Americans as "a corrupt, bragging, boodle-hunting and negro lynching crowd from which Canadian workingmen and the Canadian land of milk and honey must be saved." On 7 September 1911, the Montreal Star published a front-page appeal to all Canadians by the popular British poet Rudyard Kipling, who had been asked by his friend, Max Aitken, to write something for the Conservatives. Kipling wrote in his appeal to Canadians, "It is her own soul that Canada risks today. Once that soul is pawned for any consideration, Canada must inevitably conform to the commercial, legal, financial, social and ethical standards which will be imposed on her by the sheer admitted weight of the United States." Kipling's appeal attracted much media attention in English Canada and was reprinted over the next week, in every English newspaper in Canada.

Immigration

In British Columbia, the Conservative Party ran on the slogan "A White Canada" by playing to the fears of British Columbians who resented the increasing presence of cheap Asian labour and the resulting depression in wages.

Results

The campaign went badly for the Liberals, however. The powerful manufacturing interests of Toronto and Montreal switched their allegiance and financing to the Conservatives, who argued that free trade would undermine Canadian sovereignty and lead to a slow annexation of Canada by the US. In an editorial after Borden's victory, the Los Angeles Times wrote: "Their ballots have consigned to everlasting flames the bogy of annexation by the United States which Champ Clark called from the deeps. It was not really a wraith of anything that existed on this side of the line. It was a pumpkin scarehead with blazing eyes, a crooked slit for a nose, and a hideous grinning mouth which the fun-loving Champ placed upon a pole along with the Stars and Stripes, the while he carried terror to loyal Canuck hearts by his derisive shout of annexation."

Dow Grass of Deer Island was arrested for tampering with ballot boxes leading to the Sunbury—Queen's riding's invalidation of results.

The election is often compared to the 1988 federal election, which was also fought over free trade, but the positions of the two parties were now reversed, with the Liberals against the Conservatives' trade proposals.

The Conservatives dominated in Ontario, British Columbia and Manitoba. They also made significant gains in Quebec and Atlantic Canada, although the Liberals still won pluralities in both regions. The Liberals continued to dominate in Alberta and Saskatchewan, where free trade was extremely popular. Notably, this remains the most recent federal election where the Liberals would win the most seats in Alberta (although most Albertan Liberals supported the Borden-led Unionist government during the First World War).

National results

Party	Party leader	# of
candidates	Seats	Popular vote	[1908](1908-canadian-federal-election)	Elected	Change	#	%	Change
Conservative 1	Robert Borden	208	82	131	+59.8%	625,697	48.03%	+3.08pp	Liberal-Conservative	2
Total	461	220	221	+0.5%	1,302,719	100%
Sources: http://www.elections.ca -- [History of Federal Ridings since 1867](https://web.archive.org/web/20090609211221/http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/HFER/hfer.asp?Language=E)

Notes:

Party did not nominate candidates in the previous election.

1 One Conservative candidate was acclaimed in Ontario.

2 One Liberal candidate was acclaimed in Ontario, and two Liberals were acclaimed in Quebec.

Results by province

Party name	BC	AB	SK	MB	ON	QC		NB	NS	PE	YK
Conservative	Seats:	7	1	1	8	71	26	5	9	2	1
Total Seats	7	7	10	10	86	65	13	18	4	1	221
Parties that won no seats:	Unknown	Vote (%):		1.0			2.1	2.6	8.7

Detailed analysis

Synopsis of results

Electoral district	Winning party	Votes	Province	Name	[1908](1908-canadian-federal-election)	1st
place	Votes	Share	Margin
#	Margin
%	2nd
place	Con	Lib-Con	Ind-Con	Nat-Con	Lib	Lab	Soc	Nat	Ind	Total	CA	Conservative (historical)}};"	CA	Liberal-Conservative}};"		CA	Conservative (historical)}};"		CA	Conservative (historical)}};"		CA	Liberal}};"	CA	Labour}};"	CA	Socialist}};"	CA	Nationalist}};"	CA	Independent}};"
AB	Calgary			Con			Con	7,671	58.15%	2,866	21.73%		Lib	7,671	–	–	–	4,805	–	–	–	716	13,192
AB	Edmonton			Lib			Lib	7,070	56.76%	2,238	17.97%		Con	4,832	–	–	–	7,070	–	–	–	555	12,457
AB	Macleod			Lib-Con			Lib	3,660	49.44%	819	11.06%		Lib-Con	–	2,841	–	–	3,660	–	–	–	902	7,403
AB	Medicine Hat			Con			Lib	6,330	56.49%	1,455	12.99%		Con	4,875	–	–	–	6,330	–	–	–	–	11,205
AB	Red Deer			Lib			Lib	6,711	63.35%	2,829	26.71%		Con	3,882	–	–	–	6,711	–	–	–	–	10,593
AB	Strathcona			Lib			Lib	5,396	65.26%	2,524	30.53%		Con	2,872	–	–	–	5,396	–	–	–	–	8,268
AB	Victoria			Lib			Lib	3,225	48.53%	523	7.87%		Con	2,702	–	–	–	3,225	–	–	–	719	6,646
BC	Comox—Atlin			Lib			Con	1,810	52.74%	188	5.48%		Lib	1,810	–	–	–	1,622	–	–	–	–	3,432
BC	Kootenay			Con			Con	4,113	57.51%	1,074	15.02%		Lib	4,113	–	–	–	3,039	–	–	–	–	7,152
BC	Nanaimo			Lib			Con	2,438	58.21%	688	16.43%		Lib	2,438	–	–	–	1,750	–	–	–	–	4,188
BC	New Westminster			Con			Con	3,542	65.70%	1,693	31.40%		Lib	3,542	–	–	–	1,849	–	–	–	–	5,391
BC	Vancouver City			Con			Con	6,902	58.72%	3,106	26.43%		Lib	6,902	–	–	–	3,796	–	1,056	–	–	11,754
BC	Victoria City			Con			Con	2,816	51.78%	484	8.90%		Lib	2,816	–	–	–	2,332	–	290	–	–	5,438
BC	Yale—Cariboo			Con			Con	3,851	63.56%	1,889	31.18%		Lib	3,851	–	–	–	1,962	–	246	–	–	6,059
MB	Brandon			Lib			Con	4,436	55.41%	866	10.82%		Lib	4,436	–	–	–	3,570	–	–	–	–	8,006
MB	Dauphin			Con			Lib	3,674	55.67%	748	11.33%		Con	2,926	–	–	–	3,674	–	–	–	–	6,600
MB	Lisgar			Con			Con	1,692	50.30%	20	0.59%		Lib	1,692	–	–	–	1,672	–	–	–	–	3,364
MB	Macdonald			Con			Con	2,956	51.40%	161	2.80%		Lib	2,956	–	–	–	2,795	–	–	–	–	5,751
MB	Marquette			Con			Con	3,409	50.94%	126	1.88%		Lib	3,409	–	–	–	3,283	–	–	–	–	6,692
MB	Portage la Prairie			Con			Con	3,267	55.76%	675	11.52%		Lib	3,267	–	–	–	2,592	–	–	–	–	5,859
MB	Provencher			Lib			Lib	3,049	53.33%	381	6.66%		Con	2,668	–	–	–	3,049	–	–	–	–	5,717
MB	Selkirk			Con			Con	3,098	48.84%	87	1.37%		Lib	3,098	–	–	–	3,011	–	–	–	234	6,343
MB	Souris			Con			Con	3,150	50.51%	64	1.03%		Lib	3,150	–	–	–	3,086	–	–	–	–	6,236
MB	Winnipeg			Con			Con	12,754	55.15%	4,705	20.34%		Lib	12,754	–	–	–	8,049	–	2,325	–	–	23,128
NB	Carleton			Lib			Lib	2,614	50.11%	11	0.21%		Con	2,603	–	–	–	2,614	–	–	–	–	5,217
NB	Charlotte			Lib			Con	2,685	51.89%	196	3.79%		Lib	2,685	–	–	–	2,489	–	–	–	–	5,174
NB	Gloucester			Lib			Lib	3,172	59.27%	992	18.54%		Con	2,180	–	–	–	3,172	–	–	–	–	5,352
NB	Kent			Lib			Con	2,334	52.30%	205	4.59%		Lib	2,334	–	–	–	2,129	–	–	–	–	4,463
NB	King's and Albert			Lib			Con	3,734	52.33%	332	4.65%		Lib	3,734	–	–	–	3,402	–	–	–	–	7,136
NB	Northumberland			Lib			Lib	3,128	53.34%	392	6.68%		Con	2,736	–	–	–	3,128	–	–	–	–	5,864
NB	Restigouche			Lib			Lib	1,512	56.38%	342	12.75%		Con	1,170	–	–	–	1,512	–	–	–	–	2,682
NB	City and County of St. John			Lib			Con	5,491	50.51%	110	1.01%		Lib	5,491William Pugsley and John Waterhouse Daniel swapped seats.	–	–	–	5,381	–	–	–	–	10,872
NB	City of St. John			Con			Lib	4,360	50.38%	65	0.75%		Con	4,295	–	–	–	4,360	–	–	–	–	8,655
NB	Sunbury—Queen's			Lib			Lib	2,020	50.12%	10	0.25%		Con	2,010	–	–	–	2,020	–	–	–	–	4,030
NB	Victoria			Lib			Lib	3,059	73.36%	1,948	46.71%		Con	1,111	–	–	–	3,059	–	–	–	–	4,170
NB	Westmorland			Lib			Lib	4,452	50.36%	64	0.72%		Ind	–	–	–	–	4,452	–	–	–	4,388	8,840
NB	York			Con			Con	4,143	62.61%	1,669	25.22%		Ind	4,143	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	2,474	6,617
NS	Annapolis			Lib			Con	2,131	50.15%	13	0.31%		Lib	2,131	–	–	–	2,118	–	–	–	–	4,249
NS	Antigonish			Lib			Lib	1,468	59.80%	481	19.59%		Con	987	–	–	–	1,468	–	–	–	–	2,455
NS	Cape Breton South			Lib-Con			Lib	5,069	49.42%	104	1.01%		Lib	–	–	–	–	10,034James William Maddin previously campaigned as a Liberal-Conservative, but lost in 1911 as a Liberal. William F. Carroll was the winning Liberal candidate.	–	–	–	223	10,257
NS	Colchester			Con			Con	2,847	56.38%	644	12.75%		Lib	2,847	–	–	–	2,203	–	–	–	–	5,050
NS	Cumberland			Con			Con	4,780	51.83%	338	3.67%		Lib	4,780	–	–	–	4,442	–	–	–	–	9,222
NS	Digby			Con			Con	2,126	53.26%	260	6.51%		Lib	2,126	–	–	–	1,866	–	–	–	–	3,992
NS	Guysborough			Lib			Lib	2,043	54.58%	343	9.16%		Con	1,700	–	–	–	2,043	–	–	–	–	3,743
NS	Halifax			Con			Con	13,827	50.00%	2	0.01%		Lib	13,827	–	–	–	13,825	–	–	–	–	27,652
NS	Hants			Lib			Con	2,191	51.00%	86	2.00%		Lib	2,191	–	–	–	2,105	–	–	–	–	4,296
NS	Inverness			Lib			Lib	2,928	58.84%	1,008	20.26%		Con	1,920	–	–	–	2,928	–	–	–	128	4,976
NS	Kings			Lib			Con	2,474	51.57%	151	3.15%		Lib	2,474	–	–	–	2,323	–	–	–	–	4,797
NS	Lunenburg			Lib			Con	3,645	52.96%	408	5.93%		Lib	3,645	–	–	–	3,237	–	–	–	–	6,882
NS	North Cape Breton and Victoria			Lib			Lib	3,418	54.94%	615	9.89%		Con	2,803	–	–	–	3,418	–	–	–	–	6,221
NS	Pictou			Lib			Lib	4,221	51.74%	284	3.48%		Con	3,937	–	–	–	4,221	–	–	–	–	8,158
NS	Richmond			Lib			Lib	1,268	56.33%	285	12.66%		Con	983	–	–	–	1,268	–	–	–	–	2,251
NS	Shelburne and Queen's			Lib			Con	2,678	51.43%	149	2.86%		Lib	2,678	–	–	–	2,529	–	–	–	–	5,207
NS	Yarmouth			Lib			Lib	2,399	66.38%	1,184	32.76%		Con	1,215	–	–	–	2,399	–	–	–	–	3,614
ON	Algoma East			Con			Con	3,898	51.20%	182	2.39%		Lib	3,898	–	–	–	3,716	–	–	–	–	7,614
ON	Algoma West			Con			Con	2,738	55.67%	558	11.35%		Lib	2,738	–	–	–	2,180	–	–	–	–	4,918
ON	Brant			Lib			Con	1,795	51.86%	129	3.73%		Lib	1,795	–	–	–	1,666	–	–	–	–	3,461
ON	Brantford			Lib			Con	3,159	56.42%	719	12.84%		Lib	3,159	–	–	–	2,440	–	–	–	–	5,599
ON	Brockville			Lib			Con	2,251	51.26%	111	2.53%		Lib	2,251	–	–	–	2,140	–	–	–	–	4,391
ON	Bruce North			Lib			Con	2,526	50.82%	82	1.65%		Lib	2,526	–	–	–	2,444	–	–	–	–	4,970
ON	Bruce South			Con			Con	2,878	50.91%	103	1.82%		Lib	2,878	–	–	–	2,775	–	–	–	–	5,653
ON	Carleton			Con			Con	2,616	66.14%	1,277	32.29%		Lib	2,616	–	–	–	1,339	–	–	–	–	3,955
ON	Dufferin			Con			Con	2,496	70.65%	1,459	41.30%		Lib	2,496	–	–	–	1,037	–	–	–	–	3,533
ON	Dundas			Con			Con	2,262	58.30%	644	16.60%		Lib	2,262	–	–	–	1,618	–	–	–	–	3,880
ON	Durham			Con			Con	3,291	56.18%	724	12.36%		Lib	3,291	–	–	–	2,567	–	–	–	–	5,858
ON	Elgin East			Con			Con	2,313	54.66%	394	9.31%		Lib	2,313	–	–	–	1,919	–	–	–	–	4,232
ON	Elgin West			Con			Con	3,629	57.05%	897	14.10%		Lib	3,629	–	–	–	2,732	–	–	–	–	6,361
ON	Essex North			Lib			Con	3,616	51.25%	176	2.49%		Lib	3,616	–	–	–	3,440	–	–	–	–	7,056
ON	Essex South			Lib			Lib	2,946	51.77%	201	3.53%		Con	2,745	–	–	–	2,946	–	–	–	–	5,691
ON	Frontenac			Con			Con	2,629	59.68%	853	19.36%		Lib	2,629	–	–	–	1,776	–	–	–	–	4,405
ON	Glengarry			Lib			Lib	2,175	52.74%	226	5.48%		Con	1,949	–	–	–	2,175	–	–	–	–	4,124
ON	Grenville			Con			Con	2,286	62.48%	913	24.95%		Ind	2,286	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	1,373Samuel John Martin campaigned as a Liberal in 1908.	3,659
ON	Grey East			Con			Con	2,560	63.44%	1,085	26.89%		Lib	2,560	–	–	–	1,475	–	–	–	–	4,035
ON	Grey North			Con			Con	3,326	52.79%	352	5.59%		Lib	3,326	–	–	–	2,974	–	–	–	–	6,300
ON	Grey South			Lib			Con	2,139	50.57%	48	1.13%		Lib	2,139	–	–	–	2,091	–	–	–	–	4,230
ON	Haldimand			Con			Con	2,817	56.85%	679	13.70%		Lib	2,817	–	–	–	2,138	–	–	–	–	4,955
ON	Halton			Con			Con	2,618	54.35%	419	8.70%		Lib	2,618	–	–	–	2,199	–	–	–	–	4,817
ON	Hamilton East			Con			Con	4,981	67.43%	2,575	34.86%		Lib	4,981	–	–	–	2,406	–	–	–	–	7,387
ON	Hamilton West			Con			Con	4,390	58.67%	1,820	24.33%		Lib	4,390	–	–	–	2,570	–	–	–	522	7,482
ON	Hastings East			Con			Con	2,899	61.26%	1,066	22.53%		Lib	2,899	–	–	–	1,833	–	–	–	–	4,732
ON	Hastings West			Con			Con	3,623	66.17%	1,771	32.35%		Lib	3,623	–	–	–	1,852	–	–	–	–	5,475
ON	Huron East			Con			Con	2,020	52.58%	198	5.15%		Lib	2,020	–	–	–	1,822	–	–	–	–	3,842
ON	Huron South			Lib			Con	2,360	51.24%	114	2.48%		Lib	2,360	–	–	–	2,246	–	–	–	–	4,606
ON	Huron West			Con			Con	2,024	52.26%	175	4.52%		Lib	2,024	–	–	–	1,849	–	–	–	–	3,873
ON	Kent East			Lib			Lib	2,604	52.87%	283	5.75%		Con	2,321	–	–	–	2,604	–	–	–	–	4,925
ON	Kent West			Lib			Lib	3,671	50.45%	66	0.91%		Con	3,605	–	–	–	3,671	–	–	–	–	7,276
ON	Kingston			Lib			Con	2,322	54.01%	345	8.03%		Lib	2,322	–	–	–	1,977	–	–	–	–	4,299
ON	Lambton East			Con			Con	2,720	54.99%	494	9.99%		Lib	2,720	–	–	–	2,226	–	–	–	–	4,946
ON	Lambton West			Lib			Lib	3,139	50.72%	89	1.44%		Con	3,050	–	–	–	3,139	–	–	–	–	6,189
ON	Lanark North			Con			Con	1,613	53.78%	227	7.57%		Lib	1,613	–	–	–	1,386	–	–	–	–	2,999
ON	Lanark South			Con			Con	2,234	67.68%	1,167	35.35%		Lib	2,234	–	–	–	1,067	–	–	–	–	3,301
ON	Leeds			Con			Con	2,392	62.23%	940	24.45%		Lib	2,392	–	–	–	1,452	–	–	–	–	3,844
ON	Lennox and Addington			Con			Con	2,580	56.41%	586	12.81%		Lib	2,580	–	–	–	1,994	–	–	–	–	4,574
ON	Lincoln			Con			Con	4,576	60.22%	1,553	20.44%		Lib	4,576	–	–	–	3,023	–	–	–	–	7,599
ON	London			Con			Con	5,263	61.09%	1,911	22.18%		Ind	5,263	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	3,352	8,615
ON	Middlesex East			Con			Con	2,477	57.70%	661	15.40%		Lib	2,477	–	–	–	1,816	–	–	–	–	4,293
ON	Middlesex North			Lib			Con	1,768	50.76%	53	1.52%		Lib	1,768	–	–	–	1,715	–	–	–	–	3,483
ON	Middlesex West			Lib			Lib	1,883	51.80%	131	3.60%		Con	1,752	–	–	–	1,883	–	–	–	–	3,635
ON	Muskoka			Con			Con	2,282	64.39%	1,020	28.78%		Lib	2,282	–	–	–	1,262	–	–	–	–	3,544
ON	Nipissing			Con			Con	5,872	52.43%	545	4.87%		Lib	5,872	–	–	–	5,327	–	–	–	–	11,199
ON	Norfolk			Con			Lib	3,179	50.95%	118	1.89%		Con	3,061	–	–	–	3,179	–	–	–	–	6,240
ON	Northumberland East			Con			Con	2,518	54.21%	391	8.42%		Lib	2,518	–	–	–	2,127	–	–	–	–	4,645
ON	Northumberland West			Lib			Con	1,426	50.11%	6	0.21%		Lib	1,426	–	–	–	1,420	–	–	–	–	2,846
ON	Ontario North			Con			Con	2,130	57.54%	558	15.07%		Lib	2,130	–	–	–	1,572	–	–	–	–	3,702
ON	Ontario South			Lib			Con	2,917	53.39%	370	6.77%		Lib	2,917	–	–	–	2,547	–	–	–	–	5,464
ON	Ottawa (City of)			Lib			Con	13,954	51.38%	1,048	3.86%		Lib	13,954	–	–	–	12,906	–	298	–	–	27,158
ON	Oxford North			Lib			Lib	2,898	52.68%	295	5.36%		Con	2,603	–	–	–	2,898	–	–	–	–	5,501
ON	Oxford South			Lib			Con	2,503	50.24%	24	0.48%		Lib	2,503	–	–	–	2,479	–	–	–	–	4,982
ON	Parry Sound			Con			Con	2,976	60.81%	1,058	21.62%		Lib	2,976	–	–	–	1,918	–	–	–	–	4,894
ON	Peel			Con			Con	2,656	53.16%	316	6.33%		Lib	2,656	–	–	–	2,340	–	–	–	–	4,996
ON	Perth North			Lib			Con	3,741	53.56%	497	7.12%		Lib	3,741	–	–	–	3,244	–	–	–	–	6,985
ON	Perth South			Lib			Con	2,303	50.91%	82	1.81%		Lib	2,303	–	–	–	2,221	–	–	–	–	4,524
ON	Peterborough East			Con			Con	1,992	58.74%	593	17.49%		Lib	1,992	–	–	–	1,399	–	–	–	–	3,391
ON	Peterborough West			Lib			Con	2,944	50.36%	42	0.72%		Lib	2,944	–	–	–	2,902	–	–	–	–	5,846
ON	Prescott			Lib			Lib	2,532	67.48%	1,312	34.97%		Nat-Con	–	–	–	1,220Eugène-Grégoire Quesnel campaigned as an Independent in 1908.	2,532	–	–	–	–	3,752
ON	Prince Edward			Lib			Con	2,304	53.23%	280	6.47%		Lib	2,304	–	–	–	2,024	–	–	–	–	4,328
ON	Renfrew North			Con			Con	2,573	57.98%	708	15.95%		Lib	2,573	–	–	–	1,865	–	–	–	–	4,438
ON	Renfrew South			Lib			Lib	2,687	56.51%	619	13.02%		Con	2,068	–	–	–	2,687	–	–	–	–	4,755
ON	Russell			Lib			Lib	3,812	57.34%	976	14.68%		Con	2,836	–	–	–	3,812	–	–	–	–	6,648
ON	Simcoe East			Lib			Con	3,315	53.78%	466	7.56%		Lib	3,315	–	–	–	2,849	–	–	–	–	6,164
ON	Simcoe North			Con			Con	2,648	51.68%	172	3.36%		Lib	2,648	–	–	–	2,476	–	–	–	–	5,124
ON	Simcoe South			Con			Con	3,278	66.71%	1,642	33.41%		Lib	3,278	–	–	–	1,636	–	–	–	–	4,914
ON	Stormont			Lib			Con	2,539	51.32%	131	2.65%		Lib	2,539	–	–	–	2,408	–	–	–	–	4,947
ON	Thunder Bay and Rainy RiverElection had been postponed to October 12.			Lib			Con	acclaimed
ON	Toronto Centre			Con			Con	5,156	63.26%	2,162	26.53%		Lib	5,156	–	–	–	2,994	–	–	–	–	8,150
ON	Toronto East			Ind			Con	7,082	60.51%	4,801	41.02%		Ind	7,082	–	–	–	1,878	463	–	–	2,281	11,704
ON	Toronto North			Con			Con	6,474	67.22%	3,317	34.44%		Lib	6,474	–	–	–	3,157	–	–	–	–	9,631
ON	Toronto South			Con			Con	4,473	67.95%	2,363	35.90%		Lib	4,473	–	–	–	2,110	–	–	–	–	6,583
ON	Toronto West			Con			Con	11,442	76.90%	8,005	53.80%		Lib	11,442	–	–	–	3,437	–	–	–	–	14,879
ON	Victoria			Lib-Con			Lib-Con	4,001	59.65%	1,294	19.29%		Ind	–	4,001	–	–	–	–	–	–	2,707	6,708
ON	Waterloo North			Lib			Con	3,774	52.18%	315	4.36%		Lib	3,774	–	–	–	3,459	–	–	–	–	7,233
ON	Waterloo South			Con			Con	3,492	56.96%	853	13.91%		Lib	3,492	–	–	–	2,639	–	–	–	–	6,131
ON	Welland			Lib			Lib	acclaimed
ON	Wellington North			Lib			Con	2,530	50.25%	25	0.50%		Lib	2,530	–	–	–	2,505	–	–	–	–	5,035
ON	Wellington South			Lib			Lib	3,368	55.10%	624	10.21%		Con	2,744	–	–	–	3,368	–	–	–	–	6,112
ON	Wentworth			Lib			Con	3,832	56.59%	893	13.19%		Lib	3,832	–	–	–	2,939	–	–	–	–	6,771
ON	York Centre			Con			Con	2,838	54.94%	510	9.87%		Lib	2,838	–	–	–	2,328	–	–	–	–	5,166
ON	York North			Lib			Con	2,730	50.55%	59	1.09%		Lib	2,730	–	–	–	2,671	–	–	–	–	5,401
ON	York South			Ind-Con			Ind-Con	7,194	79.10%	5,293	58.20%		Ind	–	–	7,194	–	–	–	–	–	1,901	9,095
PE	King's			Con			Lib	2,538	50.14%	14	0.28%		Con	2,524	–	–	–	2,538	–	–	–	–	5,062
PE	Prince			Lib			Lib	3,529	50.83%	115	1.66%		Con	3,414	–	–	–	3,529	–	–	–	–	6,943
PE	Queen's			Lib			Con	8,700	52.31%	769	4.62%		Lib	8,700	–	–	–	7,931	–	–	–	–	16,631
QC	Argenteuil			Con			Con	1,824	59.78%	597	19.57%		Lib	1,824	–	–	–	1,227	–	–	–	–	3,051
QC	Bagot			Lib			Lib	1,845	51.32%	95	2.64%		Con	1,750	–	–	–	1,845	–	–	–	–	3,595
QC	Beauce			Lib			Lib	4,823	58.23%	1,364	16.47%		Con	3,459	–	–	–	4,823Henri Sévérin Béland, incumbent in Beauce, campaigned in both Beauce (won) and Montmagny (lost).	–	–	–	–	8,282
QC	Beauharnois			Lib			Con	1,876	50.36%	27	0.72%		Con	3,725Louis-Joseph Papineau, previously elected as a Liberal in 1908, was reelected as a Conservative in 1911. The other Conservative candidate, Joseph-Gédéon-Horace Bergeron, had been previously elected to the House of Commons.	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	3,725
QC	Bellechasse			Lib			Con	1,742	50.67%	46	1.34%		Lib	1,742	–	–	–	1,696	–	–	–	–	3,438
QC	Berthier			Lib			Con	1,638	45.09%	26	0.72%		Lib	1,638	–	–	–	1,612	–	–	–	383	3,633
QC	Bonaventure			Lib			Lib	2,444	63.66%	1,049	27.32%		Con	1,395	–	–	–	2,444	–	–	–	–	3,839
QC	Brome			Lib			Con	1,520	50.40%	24	0.80%		Lib	1,520	–	–	–	1,496	–	–	–	–	3,016
QC	Chambly—Verchères			Lib			Con	2,712	51.29%	136	2.57%		Lib	2,712	–	–	–	2,576	–	–	–	–	5,288
QC	Champlain			Con			Con	3,811	52.53%	367	5.06%		Lib	3,811	–	–	–	3,444	–	–	–	–	7,255
QC	Charlevoix			Con			Con	2,020	59.80%	662	19.60%		Lib	2,020Rodolphe Forget, incumbent in Charlevoix, campaigned and won in both Charlevoix and Montmorency.	–	–	–	1,358	–	–	–	–	3,378
QC	Châteauguay			Lib			Lib	1,281	50.79%	40	1.59%		Con	1,241	–	–	–	1,281	–	–	–	–	2,522
QC	Chicoutimi—Saguenay			Con			Ind-Con	3,798	38.59%	1,275	12.96%		Lib	–	–	3,798	–	2,523	–	–	–	3,520	9,841
QC	Compton			Lib			Con	2,953	50.65%	76	1.30%		Lib	2,953	–	–	–	2,877	–	–	–	–	5,830
QC	Dorchester			Lib			Con	2,506	53.66%	342	7.32%		Lib	2,506	–	–	–	2,164	–	–	–	–	4,670
QC	Drummond—Arthabaska			Lib			Lib	3,800	51.82%	267	3.64%		Nat	–	–	–	–	3,800	–	–	3,533	–	7,333
QC	Gaspé			Lib			Con	2,470	56.52%	570	13.04%		Lib	2,470	–	–	–	1,900Rodolphe Lemieux, incumbent in Gaspé, campaigned in Gaspé (lost) and Rouville (won).	–	–	–	–	4,370
QC	Hochelaga			Lib			Con	7,178	55.29%	1,373	10.58%		Ind	7,178	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	5,805	12,983
QC	Huntingdon			Lib			Lib	1,318	52.93%	146	5.86%		Con	1,172	–	–	–	1,318	–	–	–	–	2,490
QC	Jacques Cartier			Con			Con	5,782	56.55%	1,340	13.11%		Lib	5,782	–	–	–	4,442	–	–	–	–	10,224
QC	Joliette			Lib			Con	2,239	50.75%	66	1.50%		Lib	2,239	–	–	–	2,173	–	–	–	–	4,412
QC	Kamouraska			Lib			Lib	1,840	51.20%	86	2.39%		Con	1,754	–	–	–	1,840	–	–	–	–	3,594
QC	L'Assomption			Lib			Lib	1,508	55.50%	299	11.00%		Con	1,209	–	–	–	1,508	–	–	–	–	2,717
QC	L'Islet			Con			Con	1,578	57.97%	434	15.94%		Lib	1,578	–	–	–	1,144	–	–	–	–	2,722
QC	Labelle			Lib			Con	2,902	50.73%	84	1.47%		Lib	2,902	–	–	–	2,818	–	–	–	–	5,720
QC	Laprairie—Napierville			Lib			Lib	1,795	52.47%	169	4.94%		Con	1,626	–	–	–	1,795	–	–	–	–	3,421
QC	Laval			Lib			Lib	2,648	51.95%	199	3.90%		Con	2,449	–	–	–	2,648	–	–	–	–	5,097
QC	Lévis			Lib			Lib	2,800	58.69%	829	17.38%		Con	1,971	–	–	–	2,800	–	–	–	–	4,771
QC	Lotbinière			Lib			Lib	1,870	55.16%	350	10.32%		Con	1,520	–	–	–	1,870	–	–	–	–	3,390
QC	Maisonneuve			Labour			Labour	11,538	55.24%	2,189	10.48%		Con	9,349	–	–	–	–	11,538	–	–	–	20,887
QC	Maskinongé			Lib			Ind-Con	1,507	51.88%	109	3.75%		Lib	–	–	1,507	–	1,398	–	–	–	–	2,905
QC	Mégantic			Lib			Lib	2,986	53.27%	367	6.55%		Ind	–	–	–	–	2,986	–	–	–	2,619	5,605
QC	Missisquoi			Lib			Lib	2,002	52.66%	202	5.31%		Con	1,800	–	–	–	2,002	–	–	–	–	3,802
QC	Montcalm			Lib			Lib	1,432	51.03%	58	2.07%		Con	1,374	–	–	–	1,432David Arthur Lafortune was originally elected as an Independent Liberal in a 1909 byelection.	–	–	–	–	2,806
QC	Montmagny			Lib			Con	1,653	55.45%	325	10.90%		Lib	1,653	–	–	–	1,328	–	–	–	–	2,981
QC	Montmorency			Lib			Con	1,359	51.26%	67	2.53%		Lib	1,359	–	–	–	1,292	–	–	–	–	2,651
QC	Nicolet			Lib			Con	2,805	50.76%	84	1.52%		Lib	2,805	–	–	–	2,721	–	–	–	–	5,526
QC	Pontiac			Lib			Con	2,059	44.59%	666	14.42%		Lib	2,059	–	–	–	2,559George Frederick Hodgins, the Liberal incumbent, came in at 3rd place.	–	–	–	–	4,618
QC	Portneuf			Lib			Lib	2,868	57.67%	763	15.34%		Con	2,105	–	–	–	2,868	–	–	–	–	4,973
QC	Quebec County			Lib			Con	2,295	50.53%	48	1.06%		Lib	2,295	–	–	–	2,247	–	–	–	–	4,542
QC	Quebec East			Lib			Lib	acclaimed
QC	Quebec West			Con			Lib	1,219	51.94%	91	3.88%		Con	1,128	–	–	–	1,219	–	–	–	–	2,347
QC	Quebec-Centre			Lib			Lib	2,122	58.12%	593	16.24%		Con	1,529	–	–	–	2,122	–	–	–	–	3,651
QC	Richelieu			Lib			Lib	2,373	59.15%	734	18.30%		Con	1,639	–	–	–	2,373	–	–	–	–	4,012
QC	Richmond—Wolfe			Lib			Lib	3,855	53.80%	544	7.59%		Con	3,311	–	–	–	3,855	–	–	–	–	7,166
QC	Rimouski			Lib			Con	4,179	52.73%	432	5.45%		Lib	4,179	–	–	–	3,747	–	–	–	–	7,926
QC	Rouville			Lib			Lib	1,467	55.23%	278	10.47%		Con	1,189	–	–	–	1,467	–	–	–	–	2,656
QC	Shefford			Lib			Lib	2,271	50.29%	26	0.58%		Con	2,245	–	–	–	2,271	–	–	–	–	4,516
QC	Town of Sherbrooke			Con			Lib	2,321	50.42%	39	0.85%		Con	2,282	–	–	–	2,321	–	–	–	–	4,603
QC	Soulanges			Con			Lib	1,045	53.64%	142	7.29%		Con	903	–	–	–	1,045Wilfrid Laurier was also acclaimed in Quebec East.	–	–	–	–	1,948
QC	St. Anne			Con			Con	3,319	56.40%	753	12.80%		Lib	3,319	–	–	–	2,566	–	–	–	–	5,885
QC	St. Antoine			Con			Con	4,677	63.68%	2,009	27.35%		Lib	4,677	–	–	–	2,668	–	–	–	–	7,345
QC	St. Hyacinthe			Lib			Lib	2,295	51.57%	140	3.15%		Con	2,155	–	–	–	2,295	–	–	–	–	4,450
QC	St. James			Lib			Lib	4,653	59.41%	1,474	18.82%		Nat-Con	–	–	–	3,179	4,653	–	–	–	–	7,832
QC	St. Johns—Iberville			Lib			Lib	2,638	78.35%	1,909	56.70%		Con	729	–	–	–	2,638	–	–	–	–	3,367
QC	St. Lawrence			Lib			Lib	4,469	54.18%	1,048	12.70%		Con	3,421	–	–	–	4,469	–	359	–	–	8,249
QC	St. Mary			Lib			Lib	5,089	62.82%	2,177	26.87%		Con	2,912	–	–	–	5,089	100	–	–	–	8,101
QC	Stanstead			Lib			Lib	2,310	52.31%	204	4.62%		Con	2,106	–	–	–	2,310	–	–	–	–	4,416
QC	Témiscouata			Lib			Lib	2,913	51.89%	212	3.78%		Con	2,701	–	–	–	2,913	–	–	–	–	5,614
QC	Terrebonne			Con			Con	2,727	56.48%	626	12.97%		Lib	2,727	–	–	–	2,101	–	–	–	–	4,828
QC	Three Rivers and St. Maurice			Lib			Lib	3,155	50.07%	9	0.14%		Con	3,146	–	–	–	3,155	–	–	–	–	6,301
QC	Two Mountains			Lib			Lib	acclaimed
QC	Vaudreuil			Lib			Lib	1,345	54.34%	215	8.69%		Con	1,130	–	–	–	1,345	–	–	–	–	2,475
QC	Wright			Lib			Lib	4,003	58.68%	1,184	17.36%		Con	2,819	–	–	–	4,003	–	–	–	–	6,822
QC	Yamaska			Lib			Con	1,870	51.28%	93	2.55%		Lib	1,870	–	–	–	1,777	–	–	–	–	3,647
SK	Assiniboia			Lib			Lib	5,804	61.86%	2,226	23.73%		Con	3,578	–	–	–	5,804	–	–	–	–	9,382
SK	Battleford			Lib			Lib	5,453	60.76%	1,931	21.52%		Con	3,522	–	–	–	5,453	–	–	–	–	8,975
SK	Humboldt			Lib			Lib	7,265	71.14%	4,318	42.28%		Con	2,947	–	–	–	7,265	–	–	–	–	10,212
SK	Mackenzie			Lib			Lib	4,090	70.17%	2,351	40.33%		Con	1,739	–	–	–	4,090	–	–	–	–	5,829
SK	Moose Jaw			Lib			Lib	8,285	58.19%	2,332	16.38%		Con	5,953	–	–	–	8,285	–	–	–	–	14,238
SK	Prince Albert			Lib			Con	3,316	52.83%	355	5.66%		Lib	3,316	–	–	–	2,961	–	–	–	–	6,277
SK	Qu'Appelle			Con			Lib	4,298	52.59%	424	5.19%		Con	3,874	–	–	–	4,298	–	–	–	–	8,172
SK	Regina			Lib			Lib	5,811	54.63%	1,730	16.26%		Con	4,081	–	–	–	5,811	–	–	–	745	10,637
SK	Saltcoats			Lib			Lib	3,619	65.17%	1,685	30.34%		Con	1,934	–	–	–	3,619	–	–	–	–	5,553
SK	Saskatoon			Lib			Lib	5,328	54.70%	1,572	16.14%		Con	3,756	–	–	–	5,328	–	–	–	656	9,740
Terr	Yukon			Lib			Con	1,285	60.79%	456	21.57%		Lib	1,285	–	–	–	829	–	–	–	–	2,114

: = open seat : = winning candidate was in previous House : = not incumbent; was previously elected as an MP : = incumbent had switched allegiance : = incumbency arose from byelection gain : = previously incumbent in another riding : = other incumbents renominated : = campaigned in two ridings : = Previously a member of one of the provincial/territorial legislatures : = multiple candidates : = two-member districts : = overlapping districts : = election postponed to a later date

Name	MPs	Notes
Halifax	2	Robert Borden reelected; Alexander Kenneth Maclean won a seat for the Liberals.
Ottawa (City of)	2	Harold McGiverin defeated; Albert Allard chose not to stand for reelection.
Queen's	2	Both incumbents defeated.

Comparative analysis for ridings (1911 vs 1908)

Riding and winning party	Vote shareShare won by winning candidate, with difference noted from share achieved by the same party in 1908.	Change (pp)	To	Change (pp)
AB	Calgary	Con	Hold	58.15	{{bartable	8.49	-1	1em	background:}}
AB	Edmonton	Lib	Hold	56.76	{{bartable	-7.53	-1	1em	background:}}
AB	Macleod	Lib	Gain	49.44	{{bartable	7.09	-1	1em	background:}}
AB	Medicine Hat	Lib	Gain	56.49	{{bartable	9.70	-1	1em	background:}}
AB	Red Deer	Lib	Hold	63.35	{{bartable	11.41	-1	1em	background:}}
AB	Strathcona	Lib	Hold	65.26	{{bartable	15.12	-1	1em	background:}}
AB	Victoria	Lib	Hold	48.53	{{bartable	-5.23	-1	1em	background:}}
BC	Comox—Atlin	Con	Gain	52.74	acclamation in 1908
BC	Kootenay	Con	Hold	57.51	{{bartable	10.54	-1	1em	background:}}
BC	Nanaimo	Con	Gain	58.21	{{bartable	25.98	-1	1em	background:}}
BC	New Westminster	Con	Hold	65.70	{{bartable	7.21	-1	1em	background:}}
BC	Vancouver City	Con	Hold	58.72	{{bartable	16.61	-1	1em	background:}}
BC	Victoria City	Con	Hold	51.78	{{bartable	1.63	-1	1em	background:}}
BC	Yale—Cariboo	Con	Hold	63.56	{{bartable	10.42	-1	1em	background:}}
MB	Brandon	Con	Gain	55.41	{{bartable	6.59	-1	1em	background:}}
MB	Dauphin	Lib	Gain	55.67	{{bartable	7.42	-1	1em	background:}}
MB	Lisgar	Con	Hold	50.30	{{bartable	-1.24	-1	1em	background:}}
MB	Macdonald	Con	Hold	51.40	{{bartable	-3.93	-1	1em	background:}}
MB	Marquette	Con	Hold	50.94	{{bartable	-3.81	-1	1em	background:}}
MB	Portage la Prairie	Con	Hold	55.76	{{bartable	3.69	-1	1em	background:}}
MB	Provencher	Lib	Hold	53.33	{{bartable	-1.29	-1	1em	background:}}
MB	Selkirk	Con	Hold	48.84	{{bartable	-2.03	-1	1em	background:}}
MB	Souris	Con	Hold	50.51	{{bartable	-7.16	-1	1em	background:}}
MB	Winnipeg	Con	Hold	55.15	{{bartable	5.03	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	Carleton	Lib	Hold	50.11	{{bartable	-1.37	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	Charlotte	Con	Gain	51.89	{{bartable	3.82	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	Gloucester	Lib	Hold	59.27	{{bartable	4.06	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	Kent	Con	Gain	52.30	{{bartable	10.40	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	King's and Albert	Con	Gain	52.33	{{bartable	4.93	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	Northumberland	Lib	Hold	53.34	{{bartable	-5.63	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	Restigouche	Lib	Hold	56.38	{{bartable	3.58	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	City and County of St. John	Con	Gain	50.51	{{bartable	2.83	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	City of St. John	Lib	Gain	50.38	{{bartable	1.49	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	Sunbury—Queen's	Lib	Hold	50.12	{{bartable	-0.55	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	Victoria	Lib	Hold	73.36	{{bartable	-4.84	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	Westmorland	Lib	Hold	50.36	{{bartable	-7.59	-1	1em	background:}}
NB	York	Con	Hold	62.61	{{bartable	5.86	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Annapolis	Con	Gain	50.15	{{bartable	2.77	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Antigonish	Lib	Hold	59.80	{{bartable	9.41	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Cape Breton South	Lib	Gain	49.42	{{bartable	0.56	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Colchester	Con	Hold	56.38	{{bartable	5.30	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Cumberland	Con	Hold	51.83	{{bartable	-0.86	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Digby	Con	Hold	53.26	{{bartable	1.34	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Guysborough	Lib	Hold	54.58	{{bartable	1.88	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Halifax	Con	Hold	50.00	{{bartable	-2.61	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Hants	Con	Gain	51.00	{{bartable	2.60	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Inverness	Lib	Hold	58.84	{{bartable	-5.95	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Kings	Con	Gain	51.57	{{bartable	7.06	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Lunenburg	Con	Gain	52.96	{{bartable	4.43	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	North Cape Breton and Victoria	Lib	Hold	54.94	{{bartable	4.79	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Pictou	Lib	Hold	51.74	{{bartable	-0.04	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Richmond	Lib	Hold	56.33	{{bartable	1.15	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Shelburne and Queen's	Con	Gain	51.43	{{bartable	5.12	-1	1em	background:}}
NS	Yarmouth	Lib	Hold	66.38	{{bartable	5.14	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Algoma East	Con	Hold	51.20	{{bartable	0.83	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Algoma West	Con	Hold	55.67	{{bartable	3.03	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Brant	Con	Gain	51.86	{{bartable	5.52	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Brantford	Con	Gain	56.42	{{bartable	8.30	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Brockville	Con	Gain	51.26	{{bartable	3.00	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Bruce North	Con	Gain	50.82	N/AWinning party did not field a candidate inn 1908.	Con
ON	Bruce South	Con	Hold	50.91	{{bartable	-0.75	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Carleton	Con	Hold	66.14	{{bartable	-1.14	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Dufferin	Con	Hold	70.65	{{bartable	-3.11	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Dundas	Con	Hold	58.30	{{bartable	2.76	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Durham	Con	Hold	56.18	{{bartable	1.12	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Elgin East	Con	Hold	54.66	{{bartable	1.77	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Elgin West	Con	Hold	57.05	{{bartable	2.73	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Essex North	Con	Gain	51.25	{{bartable	5.84	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Essex South	Lib	Hold	51.77	{{bartable	-4.31	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Frontenac	Con	Hold	59.68	{{bartable	4.47	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Glengarry	Lib	Hold	52.74	{{bartable	-1.05	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Grenville	Con	Hold	62.48	{{bartable	4.78	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Grey East	Con	Hold	63.44	{{bartable	-2.09	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Grey North	Con	Hold	52.79	{{bartable	1.51	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Grey South	Con	Gain	50.57	{{bartable	1.55	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Haldimand	Con	Hold	56.85	{{bartable	4.41	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Halton	Con	Hold	54.35	{{bartable	2.06	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Hamilton East	Con	Hold	67.43	{{bartable	19.28	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Hamilton West	Con	Hold	58.67	{{bartable	5.56	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Hastings East	Con	Hold	61.26	{{bartable	-4.08	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Hastings West	Con	Hold	66.17	{{bartable	5.73	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Huron East	Con	Hold	52.58	{{bartable	1.61	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Huron South	Con	Gain	51.24	{{bartable	2.77	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Huron West	Con	Hold	52.26	{{bartable	1.52	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Kent East	Lib	Hold	52.87	{{bartable	-1.77	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Kent West	Lib	Hold	50.45	{{bartable	-0.09	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Kingston	Con	Gain	54.01	{{bartable	8.27	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Lambton East	Con	Hold	54.99	{{bartable	0.72	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Lambton West	Lib	Hold	50.72	{{bartable	-0.45	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Lanark North	Con	Hold	53.78	{{bartable	3.69	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Lanark South	Con	Hold	67.68	{{bartable	6.70	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Leeds	Con	Hold	62.23	{{bartable	0.03	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Lennox and Addington	Con	Hold	56.41	{{bartable	4.78	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Lincoln	Con	Hold	60.22	{{bartable	8.55	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	London	Con	Hold	61.09	{{bartable	3.11	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Middlesex East	Con	Hold	57.70	{{bartable	4.93	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Middlesex North	Con	Gain	50.76	{{bartable	1.63	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Middlesex West	Lib	Hold	51.80	{{bartable	1.64	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Muskoka	Con	Hold	64.39	{{bartable	4.90	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Nipissing	Con	Hold	52.43	{{bartable	2.31	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Norfolk	Lib	Gain	50.95	{{bartable	4.23	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Northumberland East	Con	Hold	54.21	{{bartable	2.12	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Northumberland West	Con	Gain	50.11	{{bartable	2.47	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Ontario North	Con	Hold	57.54	{{bartable	5.16	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Ontario South	Con	Gain	53.39	{{bartable	5.54	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Ottawa (City of)	Con	Gain	51.38	{{bartable	3.64	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Oxford North	Lib	Hold	52.68	{{bartable	1.49	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Oxford South	Con	Gain	50.24	{{bartable	1.11	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Parry Sound	Con	Hold	60.81	{{bartable	2.94	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Peel	Con	Hold	53.16	{{bartable	0.40	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Perth North	Con	Gain	53.56	{{bartable	3.85	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Perth South	Con	Gain	50.91	{{bartable	1.21	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Peterborough East	Con	Hold	58.74	{{bartable	3.23	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Peterborough West	Con	Gain	50.36	{{bartable	3.46	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Prescott	Lib	Hold	67.48	{{bartable	-2.77	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Prince Edward	Con	Gain	53.23	{{bartable	4.74	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Renfrew North	Con	Hold	57.98	{{bartable	1.15	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Renfrew South	Lib	Hold	56.51	{{bartable	-0.75	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Russell	Lib	Hold	57.34	{{bartable	-2.07	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Simcoe East	Con	Gain	53.78	{{bartable	5.79	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Simcoe North	Con	Hold	51.68	{{bartable	1.21	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Simcoe South	Con	Hold	66.71	{{bartable	-1.82	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Stormont	Con	Gain	51.32	{{bartable	11.26	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Thunder Bay and Rainy River	Con	Gain	acclaimed
ON	Toronto Centre	Con	Hold	63.26	{{bartable	11.88	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Toronto East	Con	Gain	60.51	{{bartable	15.95	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Toronto North	Con	Hold	67.22	{{bartable	14.91	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Toronto South	Con	Hold	67.95	{{bartable	6.27	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Toronto West	Con	Hold	76.90	{{bartable	10.54	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Victoria	Lib-Con	Hold	59.65	{{bartable	2.81	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Waterloo North	Con	Gain	52.18	{{bartable	4.50	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Waterloo South	Con	Hold	56.96	{{bartable	5.24	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Welland	Lib	Hold	acclaimed
ON	Wellington North	Con	Gain	50.25	{{bartable	1.05	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Wellington South	Lib	Hold	55.10	{{bartable	0.13	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	Wentworth	Con	Gain	56.59	{{bartable	9.35	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	York Centre	Con	Hold	54.94	{{bartable	4.50	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	York North	Con	Gain	50.55	{{bartable	3.38	-1	1em	background:}}
ON	York South	Ind-Con	Hold	79.10	acclamation in 1908
PE	King's	Lib	Gain	50.14	{{bartable	1.90	-1	1em	background:}}
PE	Prince	Lib	Hold	50.83	{{bartable	-0.36	-1	1em	background:}}
PE	Queen's	Con	Gain	52.31	{{bartable	2.99	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Argenteuil	Con	Hold	59.78	{{bartable	5.34	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Bagot	Lib	Hold	51.32	{{bartable	-3.53	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Beauce	Lib	Hold	58.23	{{bartable	-37.47	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Beauharnois	Con	Gain	50.36	{{bartable	0.76	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Bellechasse	Con	Gain	50.67	{{bartable	26.69	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Berthier	Con	Gain	45.09	{{bartable	-1.14	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Bonaventure	Lib	Hold	63.66	{{bartable	-4.09	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Brome	Con	Gain	50.40	{{bartable	8.52	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Chambly—Verchères	Con	Gain	51.29	{{bartable	11.24	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Champlain	Con	Hold	52.53	{{bartable	1.82	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Charlevoix	Con	Hold	59.80	{{bartable	6.94	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Châteauguay	Lib	Hold	50.79	{{bartable	-5.33	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Chicoutimi—Saguenay	Ind-Con	Gain	38.59	N/A	Ind
QC	Compton	Con	Gain	50.65	{{bartable	3.96	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Dorchester	Con	Gain	53.66	{{bartable	5.70	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Drummond—Arthabaska	Lib	Hold	51.82	{{bartable	-4.43	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Gaspé	Con	Gain	56.52	{{bartable	34.84	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Hochelaga	Con	Gain	55.29	{{bartable	6.30	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Huntingdon	Lib	Hold	52.93	{{bartable	1.33	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Jacques Cartier	Con	Hold	56.55	{{bartable	-0.10	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Joliette	Con	Gain	50.75	{{bartable	4.74	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Kamouraska	Lib	Hold	51.20	{{bartable	-3.41	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	L'Assomption	Lib	Hold	55.50	{{bartable	-6.30	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	L'Islet	Con	Hold	57.97	{{bartable	4.72	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Labelle	Con	Gain	50.73	{{bartable	15.24	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Laprairie—Napierville	Lib	Hold	52.47	{{bartable	-3.08	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Laval	Lib	Hold	51.95	{{bartable	1.15	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Lévis	Lib	Hold	58.69	{{bartable	-4.00	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Lotbinière	Lib	Hold	55.16	{{bartable	-6.07	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Maisonneuve	Labour	Hold	55.24	{{bartable	-16.23	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Maskinongé	Ind-Con	Gain	51.88	N/AHormidas Mayrand (Liberal) win in 1908 and lost in 1911 (both were two-way contests). Opponents in each election were of different affiliations.
QC	Mégantic	Lib	Hold	53.27	{{bartable	-0.94	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Missisquoi	Lib	Hold	52.66	{{bartable	3.08	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Montcalm	Lib	Hold	51.03	{{bartable	-2.24	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Montmagny	Con	Gain	55.45	{{bartable	8.47	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Montmorency	Con	Gain	51.26	{{bartable	7.66	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Nicolet	Con	Gain	50.76	{{bartable	7.74	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Pontiac	Con	Gain	44.59	{{bartable	3.15	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Portneuf	Lib	Hold	57.67	{{bartable	0.70	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Quebec County	Con	Gain	50.53	N/ALiberal candidate won in 1908 but lost in 1911. There were also two Independent Liberal candidates in 1908, while the Conservatives fielded a candidate only in 1911.
QC	Quebec East	Lib	Hold	acclaimed
QC	Quebec West	Lib	Gain	51.94	{{bartable	2.18	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Quebec-Centre	Lib	Hold	58.12	{{bartable	-6.23	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Richelieu	Lib	Hold	59.15	{{bartable	-3.88	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Richmond—Wolfe	Lib	Hold	53.80	{{bartable	-2.18	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Rimouski	Con	Gain	52.73	{{bartable	7.00	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Rouville	Lib	Hold	55.23	acclamation in 1908
QC	Shefford	Lib	Hold	50.29	{{bartable	-3.03	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Town of Sherbrooke	Lib	Gain	50.42	{{bartable	2.18	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Soulanges	Lib	Gain	53.64	{{bartable	5.09	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	St. Anne	Con	Hold	56.40	{{bartable	5.78	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	St. Antoine	Con	Hold	63.68	{{bartable	6.74	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	St. Hyacinthe	Lib	Hold	51.57	{{bartable	-5.23	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	St. James	Lib	Hold	59.41	{{bartable	-2.40	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	St. Johns—Iberville	Lib	Hold	78.35	{{bartable	-16.51	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	St. Lawrence	Lib	Hold	54.18	{{bartable	-0.98	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	St. Mary	Lib	Hold	62.82	{{bartable	5.79	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Stanstead	Lib	Hold	52.31	{{bartable	0.40	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Témiscouata	Lib	Hold	51.89	{{bartable	-4.28	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Terrebonne	Con	Hold	56.48	{{bartable	5.71	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Three Rivers and St. Maurice	Lib	Hold	50.07	{{bartable	-13.83	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Two Mountains	Lib	Hold	acclaimed
QC	Vaudreuil	Lib	Hold	54.34	{{bartable	-13.91	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Wright	Lib	Hold	58.68	{{bartable	3.13	-1	1em	background:}}
QC	Yamaska	Con	Gain	51.28	{{bartable	2.50	-1	1em	background:}}
SK	Assiniboia	Lib	Hold	61.86	{{bartable	8.53	-1	1em	background:}}
SK	Battleford	Lib	Hold	60.76	{{bartable	0.34	-1	1em	background:}}
SK	Humboldt	Lib	Hold	71.14	{{bartable	8.98	-1	1em	background:}}
SK	Mackenzie	Lib	Hold	70.17	{{bartable	4.50	-1	1em	background:}}
SK	Moose Jaw	Lib	Hold	58.19	{{bartable	0.20	-1	1em	background:}}
SK	Prince Albert	Con	Gain	52.83	{{bartable	6.09	-1	1em	background:}}
SK	Qu'Appelle	Lib	Gain	52.59	{{bartable	2.94	-1	1em	background:}}
SK	Regina	Lib	Hold	54.63	{{bartable	-0.21	-1	1em	background:}}
SK	Saltcoats	Lib	Hold	65.17	{{bartable	11.66	-1	1em	background:}}
SK	Saskatoon	Lib	Hold	54.70	{{bartable	-8.00	-1	1em	background:}}
Terr	Yukon	Con	Gain	60.79	{{bartable	50.03	-1	1em	background:}}

Notes

References

Argyle, Ray. Turning Points : The Campaigns that Changed Canada : 2004 and before (2004) online pp. 117–154.
Brown, Robert Craig. Robert Laird Borden: A Biography (1975), the major scholarly biography
Brown, Robert Craig, and Ramsay Cook. Canada: 1896–1921 (1974)
Dafoe John W. Clifford Sifton in Relation to His Times. Toronto, 1931.
Dafoe John W. Laurier: a Study in Canadian Politics. Toronto, 1922.
Ellis, L. Ethan. Reciprocity, 1911: A Study in Canadian-American Relations (1939) online
Porritt Edward. Sixty Years of Protection in Canada, 1846–1907: Where Industry Leans on the Politicians. (London, 1908) online
Stevens, Paul D. The 1911 General Election: A Study in Canadian Politics (Toronto: Copp Clark, 1970)

Primary sources

Borden, Robert. Robert Laird Borden: His Memoirs edited and with an introduction by Henry Borden
Harpell, James J., Canadian National Economy: the Cause of High Prices and Their Effect upon the Country. Toronto, 1911.

Notes

References

"1911 Federal Election in Canada". Mapleleafweb.
Allan, Chantal ''Bomb Canada: And Other Unkind Remarks in the American Media'' Athabasca: Athabasca University Press, 2009 p. 17.
Allan, ''Bomb Canada: And Other Unkind Remarks in the American Media'' p. 18.
Allan, Chantal ''Bomb Canada: And Other Unkind Remarks in the American Media'' Athabsca: Athabasca University Press, 2009 page 18.
Allan, Chantal ''Bomb Canada: And Other Unkind Remarks in the American Media'' Athabsca: Athabasca University Press, 2009 pages 18–19.
Allan, Chantal ''Bomb Canada: And Other Unkind Remarks in the American Media'' Athabsca: Athabasca University Press, 2009 page 19.
Allan, Chantal ''Bomb Canada: And Other Unkind Remarks in the American Media'' Athabsca: Athabasca University Press, 2009 page 25.
Allan, Chantal ''Bomb Canada: And Other Unkind Remarks in the American Media'' Athabsca: Athabasca University Press, 2009 page 26.
MacKenzie, David & Dutil, Patrice ''Canada 1911: The Decisive Election that Shaped the Country'', Toronto: Dundurn, 2011 page 211.
Last Steps to Freedom by John Boyko pg.46
Allan, Chantal ''Bomb Canada: And Other Unkind Remarks in the American Media'' Athabsca: Athabasca University Press, 2009 page 29.
"Found Some Queer Things: The Sunbury-Queen's Election was apparently very crooked, The Montreal Gazette · Sep 27, 1911
. ["General Election (1908-10-26)"](https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/ElectionsRidings/Elections/Profile?election=1908-10-26). *[[Library of Parliament]]*.
. ["General Election (1911-09-21)"](https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/ElectionsRidings/Elections/Profile?election=1911-09-21). *[[Library of Parliament]]*.

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