1880 in literature

Events

• February – The journal Science is first published in the United States, with financial backing from Thomas Edison.
• April – Publication in France of Les Soirées de Médan, a collection of six Naturalist short stories set during the Franco-Prussian War by six authors who frequent Émile Zola's home, including Guy de Maupassant's first, "Boule de Suif", which launches his career.
• April 20 (O. S.: April 8) – At the Romanian Academy, Titu Maiorescu announces a reformed Romanian alphabet, adopted by a commission also comprising George Bariț and Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu. The rationalized spelling reflects ideas endorsed by Maiorescu since the 1860s, replacing the deep orthography favored by "Latinists".
• May – In the United States, the publishing business of Henry Oscar Houghton and George H. Mifflin is reconstructed as Houghton, Mifflin and Company.
• June 6 – Statue of Alexander Pushkin (d. 1837), sculpted by Alexander Opekushin, is unveiled in Strastnaya Square, Moscow.
• October – Henry James's novel The Portrait of a Lady begins serial publication in Macmillan's Magazine (U.K.) and The Atlantic Monthly (U.S.)
• December 15 – First performance of a play by Henrik Ibsen in English, The Pillars of Society (under the title Quicksands) at the Gaiety Theatre, London.

New books

Fiction

• Henry Adams (anonymously) – Democracy: An American Novel
• Rhoda Broughton – Second Thoughts
• Wilkie Collins – Jezebel's Daughter
• Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield – Endymion
• Fyodor Dostoevsky – The Brothers Karamazov (Братья Карамазовы, Brat'ya Karamazovy)
• Amelia Edwards – Lord Brackenbury
• Evelyn Everett-Green – Tom Tempest's Victory
• Theodor Fontane
  • Grete Minde
  • Wanderungen durch die Mark Brandenburg
• George Gissing – Workers in the Dawn
• Walter T. Gray (Metta Victoria Fuller Victor) – A Bad Boy's Diary
• Percy Greg – Across the Zodiac
• Anna Katharine Green – A Strange Disappearance
• Thomas Hardy – The Trumpet-Major
• Henry Kendall – Songs from the Mountains
• Alexander Kielland – Garman og Worse
• Pierre Loti – Le Mariage de Loti (as Rarahu)
• Ouida – Moths
• Louisa Parr – Adam and Eve
• Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin – The Golovlyov Family (Господа Головлёвы, Gospoda Golovlyovy)
• Anthony Trollope – The Duke's Children
• Mark Twain – A Tramp Abroad
• Giovanni Verga – Vita dei campi (The Life of the Fields, short stories, including "Cavalleria rusticana" – "Rustic chivalry")
• Lew Wallace – Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ
• Émile Zola – Nana

Children and young people

• Carlo Collodi – The Adventures of Pinocchio (Le avventure di Pinocchio)
• Evelyn Everett-Green – Tom Tempest's Victory
• Johanna Spyri – Heidi
• Jules Verne – The Steam House (La Maison à vapeur)

Drama

• Adolphe L'Arronge – The Lonei Household (Haus Lonei)
• Augustus Harris and Paul Meritt – The World
• Oscar Wilde – Vera; or, The Nihilists (privately printed)

Poetry

• Anne Evans (died 1870) – Poems and Music (with a memorial preface by Anne Isabella Thackeray)

Non-fiction

• Henry Charlton Bastian – The Brain as an Organ of Mind
• James Legge – The Religions of China
• Algernon Charles Swinburne – A Study of Shakespeare
• Charles Warren – The Temple or the Tomb. Giving further evidence in favour of the authenticity of the present site of the Holy Sepulchre

Births

• February 21 – Waldemar Bonsels, German writer (died 1952)
• February 27 – Angelina Weld Grimké, African-American playwright and poet (died 1958)
• March 1 – Lytton Strachey, English critic and biographer (died 1932)
• March 4 – Channing Pollock, American playwright and critic (died 1946)
• March 13 – Frank Thiess, German writer (died 1977)
• March 21 – E. H. Young, English novelist (died 1949)
• March 30 – Seán O'Casey, Irish dramatist (died 1964)
• June 10 – Margit Kaffka, Hungarian novelist, short story writer and poet (died 1918)
• June 17 – Carl Van Vechten, American writer (died 1964)
• June 27 – Helen Keller, American writer and lecturer (died 1968)
• July 4 – Anne Beffort, Luxembourg literary writer and biographer (died 1966)
• July 10 – Greye La Spina, American writer (died 1969)
• August 5 – Ruth Sawyer, American children's writer and novelist (died 1970)
• August 15 – Anna Rüling, German journalist, the first known lesbian activist (died 1953)
• August 26 – Guillaume Apollinaire, French poet and dramatist (died 1918)
• September 12 – H. L. Mencken, American journalist and English language scholar (died 1956)
• October 4 – Damon Runyon, American journalist and short-story writer (died 1946)
• October 17 – Vasile Cijevschi, Bessarabian Romanian soldier, journalist and short-story writer (died 1931)
• October 18 – Ze'ev Jabotinsky, Russian-born Zionist leader, novelist and poet (died 1940)
• November 1 – Grantland Rice, American sports writer (died 1954)
• November 6 – Robert Musil, Austrian novelist (died 1942)
• November 25 – Elsie J. Oxenham (Elsie Jeanette Dunkerley), English story writer for girls (died 1960)
• November 29 – N. D. Cocea, Romanian novelist, critic and journalist (died 1949)
• December 24 – Johnny Gruelle, American cartoonist and children's author (died 1938)

Deaths

• January 12 – Ida, Countess von Hahn-Hahn, German author (born 1805)
• February 12 – Karl Eduard von Holtei, German poet and dramatist (born 1798)
• February 17 – James Lenox, American bibliophile (born 1800)
• April 9 – Louis Edmond Duranty, French novelist and critic (born 1833)
• April 16 – Edward Vaughan Hyde Kenealy, Irish writer and barrister (born 1819)
• April 18 – Costache Aristia, Wallachian translator, poet, dramatist and actor (born 1800)
• May 2 – Eunice Hale Cobb, American writer, public speaker, and activist (born 1803)
• May 5 – Andrei Mocioni, Hungarian-Romanian journalist and literary patron (born 1812)
• May 6 – Ivan Surikov, Russian poet (born 1841)
• May 8 – Gustave Flaubert, French novelist (born 1821)
• May 30 – James Planché, English dramatist (born 1796)
• June 7 – Karl Christian Planck, German philosopher (born 1819)
• July 7 – Lydia Maria Child, American writer and abolitionist (born 1802)
• July 12 – Tom Taylor, English dramatist and journalist (born 1817)
• September 23 – Geraldine Jewsbury, English novelist and woman of letters (born 1812)
• December 22 – George Eliot (Mary Anne Cross), English novelist (born 1819)

Awards

• Commander, First Class of the Order of St. Olav – Andreas Munch
• Newdigate Prize – Rennell Rodd, "Raleigh"

References

References

1. . (7 February 1947). "Thomas A. Edison and the Founding of Science: 1880". *Science*.
2. (1992). "Visions of War: World War II in Popular Literature and Culture". Popular Press.
3. Urziceanu, Florentina. (2005). "Titu Maiorescu 1840–1917. Bio-bibliografie selectivă". Aman County Library.
4. Ivașcu, George. (1973). "Istoria literaturii române. III: Epoca marilor clasici". Editura Academiei.
5. Henry James. (15 October 2016). "The Complete Letters of Henry James, 1880–1883: Volume 1". U of Nebraska Press.
6. (2004-05-12). "English first performances". Ibsen.net.
7. S. P. Rosenbaum, 'Strachey, (Giles) Lytton (1880–1932)’, [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/36338 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography], Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, May 2006
8. "Sean O'Casey - Irish dramatist".
9. White, Edward. (2014). "The Tastemaker: Carl Van Vechten and the Birth of Modern America". Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
10. Nielsen, Kim E.. (2007). "The Southern Ties of Helen Keller". Journal of Southern History.
11. Rowold, Katharina. (2011). "The Educated Woman: Minds, Bodies, and Women's Higher Education in Britain, Germany, and Spain, 1865-1914". Routledge.
12. Annette Becker. "Apollinaire, Guillaume".
13. {{cite encyclopedia. Evans. Rod L.. link. (2008). [[SAGE Publishing. Sage]]; [[Cato Institute]]
14. (October 7, 1880). "Birth Announcement". The (Manhattan, Kansas) Nationalist.
15. Patricia Hall. (1993). "Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy". [[Pelican Publishing]].
16. {{EB1911
17. [[Edmund Gosse]] (1911) [http://www.theodora.com/encyclopedia/f/gustave_flaubert.html ''Flaubert, Gustave''] entry in [[Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition]], Volume 10, Slice 4
18. Nancy Henry. (7 April 2008). "The Cambridge Introduction to George Eliot". Cambridge University Press.
19. (1 November 2011). "A Bookman's Catalogue Vol. 2 M-End: The Norman Colbeck Collection of Nineteenth-Century and Edwardian Poetry and Belles Lettres". UBC Press.