1878 in Germany

Incumbents

National level

• Emperor – William I
• Chancellor – Otto von Bismarck

State level

Kingdoms

• King of Bavaria – Ludwig II
• King of Prussia – William I
• King of Saxony – Albert
• King of Württemberg – Charles

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Baden – Frederick I
• Grand Duke of Hesse – Louis IV
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Frederick Francis II
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Frederick William
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg – Peter II
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – Charles Alexander

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe – Adolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – George Albert, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Gonthier Frederick Charles II, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
• Principality of Lippe – Woldemar, Prince of Lippe
• Reuss Elder Line – Heinrich XXII, Prince Reuss of Greiz
• Reuss Younger Line – Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line
• Waldeck and Pyrmont –– George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt – Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt
• Duke of Brunswick – William, Duke of Brunswick
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg – Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha – Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen – Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen

Events

• 13 July – Congress of Berlin
• 13 July– Treaty of Berlin
• 30 July – German federal election, 1878
• 19 October – First Anti-Socialist law passed by the German Reichstag

Births

• 4 January – Gerdt von Bassewitz, German playwright and actor (died 1923)
• 16 March – Clemens August Graf von Galen, German bishop of Roman-Catholic Church (died 1946)
• 1 April – Carl Sternheim, German playwright and short story writer (died 1942)
• 6 April – Erich Mühsam, German poet and playwright (died 1934)
• 21 April – Albert Weisgerber, German painter (died 1915)
• 10 May – Gustav Stresemann, Chancellor 1923, Foreign Minister 1923–29, Nobel laureate (died 1929)
• 30 May – Hermine Körner, German actress (died 1960)
• 4 June – Ludwig Dürr, German airship designer (died 1956)
• 10 July – Otto Freundlich, German painter, sculptor (died 1943)
• 16 July – Andreas Hermes, German politician (died 1964)
• 26 July – Ernst Hoppenberg, German swimmer (died 1937)
• 10 August – Alfred Döblin, German novelist, essayist and writer (died 1957)
• 13 August – Arthur Biram, Israeli philosopher, philologist, and educator (died 1967)
• 17 August – Paul Troost, German architect (died 1934)
• 2 September – Werner von Blomberg, German Minister of War, and Commander-in-Chief of the German Armed Forces (died 1946)
• 16 September – Karl Albiker, German sculptor (died 1961)
• 26 September – Kurt von Hammerstein-Equord, German general (died 1943)
• 29 October – Alexander von Falkenhausen, German general (died 1966)
• 30 October – Arthur Scherbius, German electrical engineer (died 1929)
• 21 November – Gustav Radbruch, German legal scholar and politician (died 1949)
• 15 December – Hans Carossa, German novelist (died 1956)
• 30 December – Rudolf Petersen, German politician (died 1962)

Deaths

• 8 March – Wilhelm Siegmund Teuffel, German classical scholar (born 1820)
• 20 March – Julius von Mayer, German physician and physicist (born 1814)
• 23 March – Ernst Keil, German journalist and publisher (born 1816)
• 25 May – Andreas von Ettingshausen, German mathematician and physicist (born 1796)
• 12 June – George V of Hanover, last King of Hanover (born 1819)
• 12 September – Friedrich August von Alberti, German geologist (born 1795)
• 25 September – August Heinrich Petermann, German cartographer (born 1822)
• 4 October – Johannes Rebmann, German missionary (born 1820)
• 4 November – Ludwig Meyn, German agricultural scientist, soil scientist, geologist, journalist and mineralogist (born 1820)
• 17 November – Karl Theodor Keim, Protestant theologian (born 1825)
• 10 December – Heinrich Burgers, German journalist and politician (born 1820)
• 14 December - Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine (born 1843 in the United Kingdom)
• 16 December – Richard Hartmann, German engineering manufacturer (born 1809)

References

References

1. Dimitrije Djordjevic, "The Berlin Congress of 1878 and the Origins Of World War I." ''Serbian Studies'' (1998) 12 #1 pp 1–10.
2. Hertslet, Edward. (1891). "The Map of Europe by Treaty; which have taken place since the general peace of 1814. With numerous maps and notes". Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
3. Phillips, Walter Alison (1911). "Berlin § Berlin, Congress and Treaty of". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 790–791.