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1875 Ontario general election

Canadian provincial election

Field	Value
election_name	1875 Ontario general election
country	Ontario
flag_year	1868
type	parliamentary
ongoing	no
party_colour	no
party_name	no
previous_election	1871 Ontario general election
previous_year	1871
previous_mps	2nd Legislative Assembly of Ontario
next_election	1879 Ontario general election
next_year	1879
elected_members	[elected members](3rd-legislative-assembly-of-ontario)
seats_for_election	88 seats in the [3rd Legislative Assembly of Ontario](3rd-legislative-assembly-of-ontario)
45 seats were needed for a majority
election_date	January 18, 1875
image1	[[Image:Oliver Mowat.jpg	150x150px]]
colour1
leader1	Oliver Mowat
leader_since1	1872
party1
leaders_seat1	Oxford North
last_election1	43
seats1	50
seat_change1	7
image2	[[Image:MatthewCrooksCameron23.jpg	150x150px]]
colour2
leader2	Matthew Crooks Cameron
leader_since2	1871
party2
leaders_seat2	Toronto East
last_election2	38
seats2	34
seat_change2	4
title	Premier
posttitle	Premier after election
before_election	Oliver Mowat
before_party
after_election	Oliver Mowat
after_party

45 seats were needed for a majority The 1875 Ontario general election was the third general election held in the province of Ontario, Canada. It was held on January 18, 1875, to elect the 88 Members of the 3rd Legislative Assembly of Ontario ("MLAs").

The Ontario Liberal Party, led by Oliver Mowat, increased its majority in the Legislature for its second term in government.

The Ontario Conservative Party, led by Matthew Crooks Cameron lost four of its seats.

Electoral reforms

The Legislative Assembly had passed several pieces of legislation that impacted on the current election:

Members of the House of Commons of Canada were disqualified from holding a provincial seat.
The prior practice of voting by open declaration was abolished in favour of holding a secret ballot.

Redistribution of ridings

The Assembly was increased from 82 to 88 members, through the following changes:

Abolished ridings	New ridings	Divisions of ridings	Creation of riding from parts of others	Mergers of ridings	Reorganization of ridings

|- ! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Political party ! rowspan=2 | Party leader ! colspan=4 | MLAs ! colspan=4 | Votes |- ! Candidates 1871 !1875 !± !# ! ± !% ! ± (pp) | 84 || 43 || 49 || 6 || 90,809 || 22,443 || 47.55% || 4.75 | 81 || 38 || 35 || 3 || 87,802 || 27,876 || 45.98% || 0.13 | 1 || – || 1 || 1 || 1,553 || 1,553 || 0.81% || New | || 2 || – || 2 || 2 || 2,129 || 2,129 || 1.11% || New | || 1 || – || 1 || 1 || 1,125 || 1,125 || 0.59% || New | || 1 || 1 || – || 1 || 791 || 325 || 0.41% || 0.44 | || 11 || – || – || – || 6,757 || 5,454 || 3.54% || 2.54 |- ! colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Total |181||82 ! " colspan="2"|88 ! " colspan="2"|190,966 ! " colspan="2"| 100.00% |- | 190,966 | 60,255 | 67.28

4.35
283,856
76,139
-
-
}

Party	Seats	Votes	Change (pp)
			{{bartable	-4.75
			{{bartable	0.50
			{{bartable	4.25

Synopsis of results

Riding	Winning party	Turnout	Votes	Nameorder is as given in EO reports	[1871](1871-ontario-general-election)	Party	Votes	Share	Margin
#	Margin
%	Lib	Con	LC	CL	I-Lib	I-Con	Ind	Total
Addington		Lib		Lib	1,453	60.77%	515	21.54%	67.91%	1,453	938	–	–	–	–	–	2,391
Algoma		Con		Lib	510	64.31%	227	28.63%	91.25%	510	283	–	–	–	–	–	793
Brant North		Lib		Lib	747	54.17%	115	8.34%	62.54%	747	632	–	–	–	–	–	1,379
Brant South		Con		Lib	acclaimed
Brockville		Con		Lib	1,247	51.51%	73	3.02%	71.35%	1,247	1,174	–	–	–	–	–	2,421
Bruce North		Lib		Lib	1,232	55.95%	262	11.90%	68.75%	1,232	–	–	–	–	–	970	2,202
Bruce South		Lib		Lib	1,864	65.87%	898	31.73%	49.26%	1,864	966	–	–	–	–	–	2,830
Cardwell		CL		Con	1,208	52.80%	128	5.59%	66.82%	1,080	1,208	–	–	–	–	–	2,288
Carleton		Con		Con	acclaimed
Cornwall		Con		Con	499	50.25%	5	0.50%	68.44%	494	499	–	–	–	–	–	993
Dufferin	New		Con	982	46.06%	255	11.96%	66.23%	33	2,099	–	–	–	–	–	2,132
Dundas		Lib		Con	1,458	51.67%	94	3.33%	74.99%	1,364	1,458	–	–	–	–	–	2,822
Durham East		Con		Con	1,454	55.22%	275	10.44%	69.73%	1,179	1,454	–	–	–	–	–	2,633
Durham West		Lib		Lib	1,257	53.95%	184	7.90%	71.52%	1,257	1,073	–	–	–	–	–	2,330
Elgin East		Lib		Lib	1,924	50.31%	24	0.63%	73.85%	1,924	1,900	–	–	–	–	–	3,824
Elgin West		Lib		Con	1,101	50.23%	10	0.46%	78.01%	1,091	1,101	–	–	–	–	–	2,192
Essex North	New		Con	1,209	61.56%	454	23.12%	54.37%	–	1,209	–	–	–	–	755	1,964
Essex South	New		Con	1,014	51.19%	47	2.37%	69.61%	967	1,014	–	–	–	–	–	1,981
Frontenac		Con		Con	884	59.61%	285	19.22%	55.92%	599	884	–	–	–	–	–	1,483
Glengarry		Con		I-Lib	1,125	51.07%	47	2.13%	74.08%	1,078	–	–	–	1,125	–	–	2,203
Grenville South		Con		Lib	1,136	53.36%	143	6.72%	71.04%	1,136	993	–	–	–	–	–	2,129
Grey East	New		Con	1,297	67.55%	674	35.10%	53.42%	623	1,297	–	–	–	–	–	1,920
Grey North		Con		Con	1,431	53.40%	182	6.79%	67.59%	1,249	1,431	–	–	–	–	–	2,680
Grey South		Con		Lib	1,017	46.27%	293	13.33%	69.29%	1,017	457	–	–	–	–	724	2,198
Haldimand		Lib		Lib	1,476	53.87%	212	7.74%	75.84%	1,476	1,264	–	–	–	–	–	2,740
Halton		Lib		Lib	1,609	52.58%	158	5.16%	68.18%	1,609	1,451	–	–	–	–	–	3,060
Hamilton		Lib		Lib	acclaimed
Hastings East		Con		I-Con	1,064	63.37%	493	29.36%	58.20%	–	615	–	–	–	1,064	–	1,679
Hastings North		Con		Con	960	55.14%	179	10.28%	74.62%	781	960	–	–	–	–	–	1,741
Hastings West		Con		Con	720	36.87%	102	5.22%	65.94%	615	720	–	–	–	–	618	1,953
Huron East	New		Lib	1,530	52.92%	169	5.85%	70.89%	1,530	1,361	–	–	–	–	–	2,891
Huron South		Lib		Lib	1,440	51.39%	78	2.78%	72.53%	1,440	1,362	–	–	–	–	–	2,802
Huron West	New		Lib	1,595	51.48%	92	2.97%	68.59%	1,595	1,503	–	–	–	–	–	3,098
Kent East	New		Lib	1,425	51.76%	97	3.52%	66.27%	1,425	1,328	–	–	–	–	–	2,753
Kent West	New		Con	1,440	52.67%	146	5.34%	58.64%	1,294	1,440	–	–	–	–	–	2,734
Kingston		Con		Con	935	54.17%	144	8.34%	64.55%	–	935	–	791	–	–	–	1,726
Lambton East	New		Lib	1,443	53.35%	181	6.69%	70.74%	1,443	1,262	–	–	–	–	–	2,705
Lambton West	New		Lib	1,372	64.53%	618	29.07%	57.23%	1,372	754	–	–	–	–	–	2,126
Lanark North		Lib		Con	913	50.72%	26	1.44%	80.07%	887	913	–	–	–	–	–	1,800
Lanark South		Con		Con	1,234	53.68%	169	7.35%	72.57%	1,065	1,234	–	–	–	–	–	2,299
Leeds North and Grenville North		Con		Con	1,035	61.57%	389	23.14%	66.63%	–	1,035	–	–	–	–	646	1,681
Leeds South		Con		Con	1,481	58.70%	439	17.40%	79.87%	1,042	1,481	–	–	–	–	–	2,523
Lennox		Con		I-Con	1,065	54.36%	555	28.33%	53.47%	510	–	–	–	–	1,065	384	1,959
Lincoln	New		Lib	2,065	51.38%	111	2.76%	75.25%	2,065	1,954	–	–	–	–	–	4,019
London		Con		Con	1,311	52.84%	141	5.68%	60.39%	1,170	1,311	–	–	–	–	–	2,481
Middlesex East		Con		Con	2,185	53.11%	256	6.22%	72.87%	1,929	2,185	–	–	–	–	–	4,114
Middlesex North		Lib		Con	1,565	54.89%	279	9.79%	72.77%	1,286	1,565	–	–	–	–	–	2,851
Middlesex West		Lib		Lib	1,415	54.30%	224	8.60%	71.36%	1,415	1,191	–	–	–	–	–	2,606
Monck		Con		Lib	1,412	56.21%	312	12.42%	74.47%	1,412	1,100	–	–	–	–	–	2,512
Muskoka and Parry Sound	New		Lib	839	58.63%	247	17.26%	65.52%	839	592	–	–	–	–	–	1,431
Norfolk North		Lib		Lib	1,417	52.19%	119	4.38%	75.77%	1,417	1,298	–	–	–	–	–	2,715
Norfolk South		Lib		Con	1,293	58.27%	367	16.54%	64.71%	–	1,293	–	–	–	–	926	2,219
Northumberland East		Lib		Lib	1,551	48.27%	103	3.21%	74.62%	1,765the incumbent William Wilson Webb received 214 votes	1,448	–	–	–	–	–	3,213
Northumberland West		Lib		Lib	1,251	52.59%	123	5.17%	70.78%	1,251	1,128	–	–	–	–	–	2,379
Ontario North		Lib		Lib	1,858	51.84%	132	3.68%	68.24%	1,858	1,726	–	–	–	–	–	3,584
Ontario South		Lib		Con	1,614	50.52%	33	1.03%	72.91%	1,581	1,614	–	–	–	–	–	3,195
Ottawa		Lib		Lib	852	35.35%	52	2.16%	54.25%	1,652the incumbent Daniel John O'Donoghue was returned	758	–	–	–	–	–	2,410
Oxford North		Lib		Lib	acclaimed
Oxford South		Lib		Lib	1,305	44.27%	43	1.46%	66.05%	1,305	1,262	–	–	–	–	381	2,948
Peel		Con		Lib	1,349	51.98%	103	3.97%	72.95%	1,349	1,246	–	–	–	–	–	2,595
Perth North		Con		Lib	1,847	51.69%	140	3.92%	68.16%	1,847	1,726the incumbent Thomas Mayne Daly received 1,707 votes	–	–	–	–	–	3,573
Perth South		Con		Lib	1,508	53.23%	183	6.46%	70.98%	1,508	1,325	–	–	–	–	–	2,833
Peterborough East		Con		Con	759	52.13%	62	4.26%	67.47%	697	759	–	–	–	–	–	1,456
Peterborough West		Lib		Lib	970	51.19%	45	2.37%	71.27%	970	925	–	–	–	–	–	1,895
Prescott		Con		Con	988	62.57%	397	25.14%	59.61%	591	988	–	–	–	–	–	1,579
Prince Edward		Lib		Lib	1,762	50.91%	63	1.82%	77.90%	1,762	1,699	–	–	–	–	–	3,461
Renfrew North		Con		Con	894	53.44%	115	6.87%	76.71%	779	894	–	–	–	–	–	1,673
Renfrew South		Con		Lib	acclaimed
Russell		Con		Con	1,066	61.30%	393	22.60%	49.10%	673	1,066	–	–	–	–	–	1,739
Simcoe East	New		Con	1,133	54.00%	168	8.01%	73.90%	965	1,133	–	–	–	–	–	2,098
Simcoe South		Con		Con	1,057	58.17%	297	16.35%	67.15%	760	1,057	–	–	–	–	–	1,817
Simcoe West	New		Con	1,353	51.15%	61	2.31%	67.63%	1,292	1,353	–	–	–	–	–	2,645
Stormont		Con		Lib	948	53.77%	133	7.54%	77.19%	948	815	–	–	–	–	–	1,763
Toronto East		Con		Con	1,849	53.83%	270	7.86%	54.42%	1,579	1,849	–	–	–	–	–	3,435
Toronto West		Lib		Con	2,145	50.71%	60	1.42%	55.31%	2,085	2,145	–	–	–	–	–	4,230
Victoria North		Con		Lib	724	50.14%	4	0.28%	68.60%	724	720	–	–	–	–	–	1,444
Victoria South		Lib		Lib	1,326	56.38%	300	12.76%	68.29%	1,326	1,026	–	–	–	–	–	2,352
Waterloo North		Lib		Lib	1,363	67.71%	713	35.42%	70.31%	1,363	650	–	–	–	–	–	2,013
Waterloo South		Lib		Lib	acclaimed
Welland		Lib		Lib	1,719	51.16%	78	2.32%	69.48%	1,719	1,641	–	–	–	–	–	3,360
Wellington Centre		Lib		Lib	acclaimed
Wellington South		Lib		Lib	acclaimed
Wellington West	New		L-Con	1,553	51.63%	98	3.26%	73.82%	1,455	–	1,553	–	–	–	–	3,008
Wentworth North		Lib		Con	1,222	50.48%	23	0.95%	73.72%	1,199	1,222	–	–	–	–	–	2,421
Wentworth South		Lib		Lib	944	71.14%	561	42.28%	44.70%	944	383	–	–	–	–	–	1,327
York East		Lib		Lib	1,266	54.26%	199	8.53%	63.16%	1,266	1,067	–	–	–	–	–	2,333
York North		Con		Lib	1,835	57.69%	489	15.37%	65.36%	1,835	–	–	–	–	–	1,346	3,181
York West		Lib		Lib	acclaimed

: = open seat : = turnout is above provincial average : = winning candidate was in previous Legislature : = incumbent had switched allegiance : = previously incumbent in another riding : = not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature : = incumbency arose from byelection gain : = other incumbents renominated : = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada : = multiple candidates

Analysis

Party in 1st place	Party in 2nd place	Total	Accl	Lib	Con	Ind
8	1	37	3		49
1	28	1	4	1	35
	1	1			2
	1				1
	1				1
Total	9	32	39	7	1	88

Accl	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th
8	41	32	2	1
1	34	39	6		1
	2
	1
	1
		7	3	1
		1

Source	Party	Total
align="center"	Lib	align="center"	Con	align="center"	L-Con
Seats retained	Incumbents returned	20
Returned by acclamation	6	1
Open seats held	1	8
Byelection loss reversed	2	1
Seats changing hands	Incumbents defeated	3
Open seats gained	4	2
Byelection gains held	5
Incumbent changing allegiance
Returned by acclamation	1
New seats	New MLAs	4
Previously incumbent in another riding	3	2
Total	49	35

MLAs elected by region and riding

Party designations are as follows:

Northern Ontario

Ottawa Valley

Saint Lawrence Valley

Central Ontario

Georgian Bay

Wentworth/Halton/Niagara

Midwestern Ontario

Southwestern Ontario

Peel/York/Ontario

Controverted elections

The following constituencies had elections which were declared void, for which writs of election were issued and elections held prior to the opening of the first session of the new Legislature:

Voided result	Candidate	Date writ returned	Winner
Cornwall	Alexander Fraser McIntyre	September 20, 1875		John Goodall Snetsinger
Dundas	Andrew Broder	September 28, 1875	Reelected
Essex South	Lewis Wigle	September 24, 1875	Reelected
Grey North	Thomas Scott	November 3, 1875		David Creighton
Halton	William Barber	November 8, 1875		William Durie Lyon
Kent East	Archibald McKellar	September 22, 1875		Daniel McCraney
Monck	Henry Ryan Haney	June 28, 1875	Reelected
Northumberland East	James Marshall Ferris	November 18, 1875	Reelected
Ontario North	Thomas Paxton	October 30, 1875	Reelected
Oxford South	Adam Oliver	September 14, 1875		Adam Crooksformerly MLA for Toronto West
Peterborough East	John C. O'Sullivan	September 28, 1875	Reelected
Peterborough West	George Albertus Cox	October 30, 1875		William Hepburn Scott
Russell	Adam Jacob Baker	August 21, 1875	Reelected
Simcoe South	D'Arcy Edward Boulton	June 3, 1875		William McDougall
Victoria North	John David Smith	September 29, 1875		Duncan McRae
Welland	James George Currie	July 8, 1875	Reelected
Wellington West	John McGowan	October 4, 1875	Reelected
Wentworth North	Thomas Stock	November 3, 1875		James McMahon

References

{{Cite canlaw. (1871-72)
{{Cite canlaw. (1874 (1st session))
"Voting in Ontario Provincial Elections". [[Elections Ontario]].
{{Cite canlaw. (1874 (2nd session))
. ["1875 general election results"](https://results.elections.on.ca/en/data-explorer?fromYear=1867&toYear=2019&electionType=GE&electionId=37). *[[Elections Ontario]]*.
. (1876). ["Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario"](https://archive.org/details/journalsoflegisl09ontauoft/page/24/mode/2up). *Legislative Assembly of Ontario*.

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