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1852 Democratic National Convention

U.S. political event held in Baltimore, Maryland

Field	Value
year	1852
party	Democratic
image	George Peter Alexander Healy - Franklin Pierce - Google Art Project.jpg
image2	William Rufus DeVane King 1839 portrait.jpg
image_size2	93
caption	Nominees
Pierce and King
date	June 1–5, 1852
venue	Maryland Institute for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts
city	Baltimore, Maryland
presidential_nominee	Franklin Pierce
presidential_nominee_state	New Hampshire
vice_presidential_nominee	William R. King
vice_presidential_nominee_state	Alabama
previous_year	1848
next_year	1856

Pierce and King The 1852 Democratic National Convention was a presidential nominating convention that met from June 1 to June 5 in Baltimore, Maryland. It was held to nominate the Democratic Party's candidates for president and vice president in the 1852 election. The convention selected former Senator Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire for president and Senator William R. King of Alabama for vice president.

Four major candidates vied for the presidential nomination – Lewis Cass of Michigan, the nominee in 1848, who had the backing of northerners in support of the Compromise of 1850; James Buchanan of Pennsylvania, popular in the South as well as in his home state; Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois, candidate of the expansionists and the railroad interests; and William L. Marcy of New York, whose strength was centered in his home state. Cass led on the first nineteen ballots of the convention, but was unable to win the necessary two-thirds majority. Buchanan pulled ahead on the twentieth ballot, but he too was unable to win a two-thirds majority. Pierce won votes for the first time on the 35th ballot, and was nominated almost unanimously on the 49th ballot.

King was nominated on the second vice presidential ballot, defeating Senator Solomon W. Downs and several other candidates. The Democratic ticket went on to win the 1852 election, defeating the Whig ticket of Winfield Scott and William Alexander Graham.

Convention proceedings

The convention took place at the Maryland Institute for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts and was called to order by Democratic National Committee chairman Benjamin F. Hallett. Romulus M. Saunders served as the temporary convention chairman and John W. Davis served as the permanent convention president. Delegates at the convention approved a platform that largely mimicked the one adopted in 1848. Two notable additions were the denouncement of a national bank and an endorsement of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.

Presidential nomination

Dark horse candidates

File:George Peter Alexander Healy - Franklin Pierce - Google Art Project.jpg|Former Senator Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire Image:Henry Cruse Murphy.jpg|Former Representative Henry C. Murphy of New York

Major presidential candidates

File:Lewis Cass crop.jpg|Senator Lewis Cass of Michigan File:JamesBuchanan_crop.jpg|Former Secretary of State James Buchanan of Pennsylvania File:William Learned Marcy.jpg|Former Secretary of War William L. Marcy of New York File:BradyHandy-StephenADouglas restored.jpg|Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois

Minor presidential candidates

Image:WilliamOButler.jpg|Former Representative William O. Butler of Kentucky Image:JosephLane.png|House Delegate Joseph Lane of Oregon Image:SHouston 2.jpg|Senator Sam Houston of Texas Image:Henry Dodge portrait.jpg|Senator Henry Dodge of Wisconsin

Declined

Image:Daniel Dickinson NY.jpg|Former Senator Daniel S. Dickinson of New York (Endorsed Cass)

Balloting

As Democrats convened in Baltimore in June 1852, four major candidates vied for the nomination – Lewis Cass of Michigan, the nominee in 1848, who had the backing of northerners in support of the Compromise of 1850; James Buchanan of Pennsylvania, popular in the South as well as in his home state; Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois, candidate of the expansionists and the railroad interests; and William L. Marcy of New York, whose strength was centered in his home state. Throughout the balloting, numerous favorite son candidates received a few votes.

With a two-thirds majority required to win, Cass led on the first 19 ballots, with Buchanan second and Douglas and Marcy exchanging third and fourth places. Buchanan took the lead on the 20th ballot and retained it on each of the next nine tallies. Douglas managed a narrow lead on the 30th and 31st ballots. Cass then recaptured first place through the 44th ballot. Marcy carried the next four ballots.

Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire, a former Congressman and Senator, did not get on the board until the 35th ballot, when the Virginia delegation brought him forward as a compromise choice, selecting Pierce as their dark horse by one vote over former New York Congressman and Brooklyn Mayor Henry C. Murphy, and then supporting him as a unit. After being nominated by the Virginia delegation, Pierce's support remained steady until the 46th ballot, when it began to increase at Cass's expense. Pierce's support was consolidated in subsequent voting, and he was nominated nearly unanimously on the 49th ballot.

According to Edward Stanwood, there was "no doubt that the nomination of General Pierce was carefully planned before the convention met. The originator of the scheme was James W. Bradbury, then a senator from Maine, a college mate and lifelong friend of Pierce."

Presidential Ballot			1st		2nd		3rd		4th		5th		6th		7th		8th		9th		10th		11th	12th
116	118	119	115	114	114	113	113	112	111	101	98	98
93	95	94	89	89	88	88	88	87	86	87	88	88
27	27	26		25		26		26		26		26		27		27		27		27		26
	20		23		21	31	33	34	34	34	39	40	50	51	51
	2		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1	1
	1		1	0	0		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1
	13		13		13		13		13		13		13		13		13		14		13		13	13
	8		6		7		7		8		8		9		9		8		8		8		9	10
	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	3		3		3		3		3	0		3		3	0	0	0	0	0
	9		9		12		12		8		11		8		8		8		8		8		8	8

Presidential Ballot			26th		27th		28th		29th		30th		31st		32nd		33rd		34th		35th		36th	37th	38th	39th
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		15		30		29		29		29		29
33	32	28	27	33	65	98	123	130	131	122	120	107	106	107
101	98	96	93	91	78	74	72	49		39		28		28		28		28		27
	26		26		26		26		26		26		26		25		33	44	58	70	84	85	85
80	85	88	91	92	92	80	60	53	52	43	34	33	33	33
	24		24		25		25		20		17		1		1		1		1		1		1	1	1	1
	1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		16		1		1		1	1	1	1
	13		13		13		13		13	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	10		9		11		12		12		9		8		6		5		5		5		5	5	5	5
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	8		8		8		8		8		8		8		8		9		8		8		8	8	8	8

Source:

1st Day of Presidential Balloting / 3rd Day of Convention (June 3, 1852) File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination1stBallot.png|1st Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination2ndBallot.png|2nd Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination3rdBallot.png|3rd Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination4thBallot.png|4th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination5thBallot.png|5th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination6thBallot.png|6th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination7th8thBallots.png|7th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination7th8thBallots.png|8th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination9thBallot.png|9th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination10thBallot.png|10th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination11thBallot.png|11th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination12thBallot.png|12th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination13thBallot.png|13th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination14th15th16thBallots.png|14th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination14th15th16thBallots.png|15th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination14th15th16thBallots.png|16th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination17thBallot.png|17th Ballot 2nd Day of Presidential Balloting / 4th Day of Convention (June 4, 1852) File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination18thBallot.png|18th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination19thBallot.png|19th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination20thBallot.png|20th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination21stBallot.png|21st Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination22ndBallot.png|22nd Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination23rdBallot.png|23rd Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination24thBallot.png|24th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination25thBallot.png|25th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination26thBallot.png|26th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination27thBallot.png|27th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination28thBallot.png|28th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination29thBallot.png|29th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination30thBallot.png|30th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination31stBallot.png|31st Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination32ndBallot.png|32nd Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination33rdBallot.png|33rd Ballot 3rd Day of Presidential Balloting / 5th Day of Convention (June 5, 1852) File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination34thBallot.png|34th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination35thBallot.png|35th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination36thBallot.png|36th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination37thBallot.png|37th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination38thBallot.png|38th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination39thBallot.png|39th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination40th41stBallots.png|40th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination40th41stBallots.png|41st Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination42nd43rd44thBallots.png|42nd Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination42nd43rd44thBallots.png|43rd Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination42nd43rd44thBallots.png|44th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination45thBallot.png|45th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination46thBallot.png|46th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination47thBallot.png|47th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination48thBallot.png|48th Ballot File:1852DemocraticPresidentialNomination49thBallot.png|49th Ballot

Vice presidential nomination

Vice presidential candidates

File:William Rufus DeVane King 1839 portrait.jpg|Senator William R. King of Alabama Image:Solomon Weathersbee Downs.jpg|Senator Solomon W. Downs of Louisiana Image:John B Weller by William F Cogswell, 1879.jpg|Senator John B. Weller of California Image:David Rice Atchison by Mathew Brady March 1849.jpg|Senator David Rice Atchison of Missouri Image:General Gideon Johnson Pillow.jpg|Major General Gideon J. Pillow of Tennessee Image:NC-Congress-RogerStrange.jpg|Former Senator Robert Strange of North Carolina

Declined

File:WilliamOButler.jpg|Former Representative William O. Butler of Kentucky File:TJRusk.jpg|Senator Thomas J. Rusk of Texas File:President-Jefferson-Davis.jpg|Former Senator Jefferson Davis of Mississippi File:Howell Cobb-crop.jpg|Governor Howell Cobb of Georgia

In a peace gesture to the Buchanan wing of the party, Pierce's supporters allowed Buchanan's allies to fill the second position, knowing that they would select Alabama Senator William R. King, to whom Pierce had no objections. King won the nomination on the second ballot. During the ensuing campaign, King's tuberculosis, which he believed he had contracted while living in Paris, denied him the active behind-the-scenes role that he might otherwise have played, although he worked hard to assure his region's voters with the statement that New Hampshire's Pierce was a "northern man with southern principles."

Vice Presidential Ballot			1st
125	277
30	0
28	0
	25	0
	25	0
	23	0
	13	0
	13	0
	2	11
	2	0
	2	0
	8		8

File:1852DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination1stBallot.png|1st Vice Presidential Ballot File:1852DemocraticVicePresidentialNomination2ndBallot.png|2nd Vice Presidential Ballot

References

Johnson, Charles W.. (1852). "Proceedings of the Democratic National Convention Held at Baltimore, June 1–5, 1852". Robert Armstrong.
Havel, James T.. (1996). "U.S. Presidential Elections and the Candidates: A Biographical and Historical Guide". Simon & Schuster.
Stiles, Henry Reed. (1883). "Memoir of Hon. Henry C. Murphy, LL.D., of Brooklyn, N.Y.". The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, Volumes 13–14.
William DeGregorio, ''The Complete Book of U.S. Presidents'', Gramercy 1997
Stanwood, Edward. (1898). "A History of the Presidency: From 1788 to 1897". Houghton Mifflin Company.

Info: Wikipedia Source

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1852-united-states-presidential-election 1852-in-maryland 1850s-in-baltimore political-conventions-in-baltimore maryland-democratic-party political-events-in-maryland democratic-national-conventions 1852-conferences june-1852 19th-century-political-conferences franklin-pierce william-r.-king james-buchanan stephen-a.-douglas sam-houston

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Presidential Ballot			1st		2nd		3rd		4th		5th		6th		7th		8th		9th		10th		11th	12th
116	118	119	115	114	114	113	113	112	111	101	98	98
93	95	94	89	89	88	88	88	87	86	87	88	88
27	27	26		25		26		26		26		26		27		27		27		27		26
	20		23		21	31	33	34	34	34	39	40	50	51	51
	2		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1	1
	1		1	0	0		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1
	13		13		13		13		13		13		13		13		13		14		13		13	13
	8		6		7		7		8		8		9		9		8		8		8		9	10
	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	3		3		3		3		3	0		3		3	0	0	0	0	0
	9		9		12		12		8		11		8		8		8		8		8		8	8

Presidential Ballot			26th		27th		28th		29th		30th		31st		32nd		33rd		34th		35th		36th	37th	38th	39th
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		15		30		29		29		29		29
33	32	28	27	33	65	98	123	130	131	122	120	107	106	107
101	98	96	93	91	78	74	72	49		39		28		28		28		28		27
	26		26		26		26		26		26		26		25		33	44	58	70	84	85	85
80	85	88	91	92	92	80	60	53	52	43	34	33	33	33
	24		24		25		25		20		17		1		1		1		1		1		1	1	1	1
	1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		16		1		1		1	1	1	1
	13		13		13		13		13	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	10		9		11		12		12		9		8		6		5		5		5		5	5	5	5
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	8		8		8		8		8		8		8		8		9		8		8		8	8	8	8

Presidential Ballot			1st		2nd		3rd		4th		5th		6th		7th		8th		9th		10th		11th	12th
116	118	119	115	114	114	113	113	112	111	101	98	98
93	95	94	89	89	88	88	88	87	86	87	88	88
27	27	26		25		26		26		26		26		27		27		27		27		26
	20		23		21	31	33	34	34	34	39	40	50	51	51
	2		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1	1
	1		1	0	0		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1
	13		13		13		13		13		13		13		13		13		14		13		13	13
	8		6		7		7		8		8		9		9		8		8		8		9	10
	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	3		3		3		3		3	0		3		3	0	0	0	0	0
	9		9		12		12		8		11		8		8		8		8		8		8	8

Presidential Ballot			26th		27th		28th		29th		30th		31st		32nd		33rd		34th		35th		36th	37th	38th	39th
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		15		30		29		29		29		29
33	32	28	27	33	65	98	123	130	131	122	120	107	106	107
101	98	96	93	91	78	74	72	49		39		28		28		28		28		27
	26		26		26		26		26		26		26		25		33	44	58	70	84	85	85
80	85	88	91	92	92	80	60	53	52	43	34	33	33	33
	24		24		25		25		20		17		1		1		1		1		1		1	1	1	1
	1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		16		1		1		1	1	1	1
	13		13		13		13		13	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	10		9		11		12		12		9		8		6		5		5		5		5	5	5	5
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	8		8		8		8		8		8		8		8		9		8		8		8	8	8	8

Presidential Ballot			1st		2nd		3rd		4th		5th		6th		7th		8th		9th		10th		11th	12th
116	118	119	115	114	114	113	113	112	111	101	98	98
93	95	94	89	89	88	88	88	87	86	87	88	88
27	27	26		25		26		26		26		26		27		27		27		27		26
	20		23		21	31	33	34	34	34	39	40	50	51	51
	2		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1	1
	1		1	0	0		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1
	13		13		13		13		13		13		13		13		13		14		13		13	13
	8		6		7		7		8		8		9		9		8		8		8		9	10
	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	3		3		3		3		3	0		3		3	0	0	0	0	0
	9		9		12		12		8		11		8		8		8		8		8		8	8

Presidential Ballot			26th		27th		28th		29th		30th		31st		32nd		33rd		34th		35th		36th	37th	38th	39th
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		15		30		29		29		29		29
33	32	28	27	33	65	98	123	130	131	122	120	107	106	107
101	98	96	93	91	78	74	72	49		39		28		28		28		28		27
	26		26		26		26		26		26		26		25		33	44	58	70	84	85	85
80	85	88	91	92	92	80	60	53	52	43	34	33	33	33
	24		24		25		25		20		17		1		1		1		1		1		1	1	1	1
	1		1		1		1		1		1		1		1		16		1		1		1	1	1	1
	13		13		13		13		13	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	10		9		11		12		12		9		8		6		5		5		5		5	5	5	5
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	8		8		8		8		8		8		8		8		9		8		8		8	8	8	8