1735 in science

Astronomy

• July 11 - Pluto (not known at this time) enters a fourteen-year period inside the orbit of Neptune, which will not recur until 1979.

Biology

• Carl Linnaeus publishes the first edition of his Systema Naturæ in Leiden.

Chemistry

• Cobalt is discovered and isolated by Georg Brandt. This is the first metal discovered since ancient times.

Earth sciences

• May – French Geodesic Mission (including Charles Marie de La Condamine, Pierre Bouguer, Louis Godin, Jorge Juan, Antonio de Ulloa, Joseph de Jussieu and Jean Godin) sets out for Ecuador.

Mathematics

• Leonhard Euler solves the Basel problem, first posed by Pietro Mengoli in 1644, and the Seven Bridges of Königsberg problem.

Meteorology

• May 22 – George Hadley publishes the first explanation of the trade winds.{{cite web|first=Anita|last=McConnell|title=Hadley, George (1685–1768)|work=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/11858|accessdate=2011-09-27|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/11858

Physiology and medicine

• December 6 – The second successful appendectomy is performed by naturalised British surgeon Claudius Aymand at St George's Hospital in London (the first was in 1731).

Births

• April 21 – Ivan Petrovich Kulibin, Russian inventor (died 1818)
• May 17 (bapt.) – John Brown, Scottish physician (died 1788)
• August 7 – Claudine Picardet, French, chemist, mineralogist, meteorologist and scientific translator (died 1820)
• September 6 – John Joseph Merlin, Liégeois-born inventor (died 1803)
• October 6 – Jesse Ramsden, English scientific instrument maker (died 1800)
• December 4 – Josephus Nicolaus Laurenti, Viennese herpetologist (died 1805)

Deaths

• February 27 – Dr John Arbuthnot, British polymath (born 1667)
• September 27 – Peter Artedi, Swedish naturalist (born 1705)

References

References

1. Gusenius, Edwin M.. (1967). "Beginnings of Greatness in Swedish Chemistry: Georg Brandt (1694–1768)". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science.
2. Ferreiro, Larrie. (2011). "Measure of the Earth: the Enlightenment Expedition that Reshaped our World". Basic Books.
3. ''[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society]]'' '''39''': 58–62.
4. (1999). "The Hutchinson Factfinder". Helicon.
5. Hutchinson, R.. (February 1993). "Amyand's hernia". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine.