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14th United States Congress

1815–1817 legislative term

Field	Value
number	14th
start	March 4, 1815
end	March 3, 1817
vp	Vacant
pro tem	John Gaillard (DR)
speaker	Henry Clay (DR)
senators	38
reps	183
delegates	4
s-majority	Democratic-Republican
h-majority	Democratic-Republican
sessionnumber1	1st
sessionstart1	December 4, 1815
sessionend1	April 30, 1816
sessionnumber2	2nd
sessionstart2	December 2, 1816
sessionend2	March 3, 1817
previous	13th
next	15th
image	BrickCapitol.jpg
imagename	The Old Brick Capitol, the temporary Capitol while the U.S. Capitol was being renovated after the Burning of Washington.
imagedate	pictured here around 1861 in use as a Civil War prison

|s-majority = Democratic-Republican |h-majority = Democratic-Republican The 14th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in the Old Brick Capitol in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1815, to March 3, 1817, during the seventh and eighth years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1810 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

Major events

Main article: 1815 in the United States, 1816 in the United States, 1817 in the United States

November 1816: James Monroe defeated Rufus King in the U.S. presidential election.

According to abolitionist Jesse Torrey, "One of the members of the house of representatives (Mr. ADGATE,) related to me, while at Washington, the following fact: — "That during the last session of congress, (1815–16,) as several members were standing in the street, near the new capitol, a drove of manacled coloured people were passing by; and when just opposite one of them elevating his manacles as high as he could reach, commenced singing the favorite national song, 'Hail Columbia! happy land!' &c."

Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation#14th United States Congress

April 10, 1816: Establishment of the Second Bank of the United States
April 27, 1816: Dallas tariff

Proposed, but not enacted

March 3, 1817: Bonus Bill of 1817 (vetoed)

Treaties

August 24, 1816: Treaty of St. Louis signed

States admitted and territories organized

December 11, 1816: Indiana was admitted as the 19th state,
March 3, 1817: Alabama Territory was created from a portion of the Mississippi Territory

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

During this congress, two Senate seats were added for the new state of Indiana.

House of Representatives

During this congress, one House seat was added for the new state of Indiana.

Leadership

Senate

President: Vacant
President pro tempore: John Gaillard (DR) of South Carolina, first elected December 4, 1815

House of Representatives

Speaker: Henry Clay (DR) of Kentucky

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and representatives are listed by district. :Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Main article: List of United States senators in the 14th Congress

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1820; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1816; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1818.

[[List of United States senators from Connecticut|Connecticut]]

: 1. Samuel W. Dana (F) : 3. David Daggett (F)

[[List of United States senators from Delaware|Delaware]]

: 1. Outerbridge Horsey (F) : 2. William H. Wells (F)

[[List of United States senators from Georgia|Georgia]]

: 2. William W. Bibb (DR), until November 9, 1816 :: George Troup (DR), from November 13, 1816 : 3. Charles Tait (DR)

[[List of United States senators from Indiana|Indiana]]

: 1. James Noble (DR), from December 11, 1816 : 3. Waller Taylor (DR), from December 11, 1816

[[List of United States senators from Kentucky|Kentucky]]

: 2. William T. Barry (DR), until May 1, 1816 :: Martin D. Hardin (F), from November 13, 1816 : 3. Isham Talbot (DR)

[[List of United States senators from Louisiana|Louisiana]]

: 2. James Brown (DR) : 3. Eligius Fromentin (DR)

[[List of United States senators from Maryland|Maryland]]

: 1. Robert Goodloe Harper (F), January 1816 – December 1816 :: Alexander C. Hanson (F), from December 20, 1816 : 3. Robert H. Goldsborough (F)

[[List of United States senators from Massachusetts|Massachusetts]]

: 1. Christopher Gore (F), until May 30, 1816 :: Eli P. Ashmun (F), from June 12, 1816 : 2. Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR)

[[List of United States senators from New Hampshire|New Hampshire]]

: 2. Thomas W. Thompson (F) : 3. Jeremiah Mason (F)

[[List of United States senators from New Jersey|New Jersey]]

: 1. James J. Wilson (DR) : 2. John Condit (DR)

[[List of United States senators from New York|New York]]

: 1. Nathan Sanford (DR) : 3. Rufus King (F)

[[List of United States senators from North Carolina|North Carolina]]

: 2. James Turner (DR), until November 21, 1816 :: Montfort Stokes (DR), from December 4, 1816 : 3. Francis Locke Jr. (DR), until December 5, 1815 :: Nathaniel Macon (DR), from December 13, 1815

[[List of United States senators from Ohio|Ohio]]

: 1. Benjamin Ruggles (DR) : 3. Jeremiah Morrow (DR)

[[List of United States senators from Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]]

: 1. Jonathan Roberts (DR) : 3. Abner Lacock (DR)

[[List of United States senators from Rhode Island|Rhode Island]]

: 1. William Hunter (F) : 2. Jeremiah B. Howell (DR)

[[List of United States senators from South Carolina|South Carolina]]

: 2. John Taylor (DR), until November 1816 :: William Smith (DR), from December 4, 1816 : 3. John Gaillard (DR)

[[List of United States senators from Tennessee|Tennessee]]

: 1. George W. Campbell (DR), from October 10, 1815 : 2. Jesse Wharton (DR), until October 10, 1815 :: John Williams (DR), from October 10, 1815

[[List of United States senators from Vermont|Vermont]]

: 1. Isaac Tichenor (F) : 3. Dudley Chase (DR)

[[List of United States senators from Virginia|Virginia]]

: 1. James Barbour (DR) : 2. Armistead T. Mason (DR), from January 3, 1816

Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 14th Congress in March 1815. Indiana's senators were not seated until December 11, 1816.

]]

House of Representatives

Main article: List of United States representatives in the 14th Congress

[[List of United States representatives from Connecticut|Connecticut]]

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. : . Epaphroditus Champion (F) : . John Davenport (F) : . Lyman Law (F) : . Jonathan O. Moseley (F) : . Timothy Pitkin (F) : . Lewis B. Sturges (F) : . Benjamin Tallmadge (F)

[[List of United States representatives from Delaware|Delaware]]

Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. : . Thomas Clayton (F) : . Thomas Cooper (F)

[[List of United States representatives from Georgia|Georgia]]

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. : . Alfred Cuthbert (DR), until November 9, 1816 :: Zadock Cook (DR), from December 2, 1816 : . John Forsyth (DR) : . Bolling Hall (DR) : . Wilson Lumpkin (DR) : . Thomas Telfair (DR) : . Richard Henry Wilde (DR)

[[List of United States representatives from Indiana|Indiana]]

: . William Hendricks (DR), from December 11, 1816 (newly admitted state)

[[List of United States representatives from Kentucky|Kentucky]]

: . James Clark (DR), until August 1816 :: Thomas Fletcher (DR), from December 2, 1816 : . Henry Clay (DR), from October 30, 1815 : . Richard M. Johnson (DR) : . Joseph Desha (DR) : . Alney McLean (DR) : . Solomon P. Sharp (DR) : . Samuel McKee (DR) : . Stephen Ormsby (DR) : . Micah Taul (DR) : . Benjamin Hardin (DR)

[[List of United States representatives from Louisiana|Louisiana]]

: . Thomas B. Robertson (DR)

[[List of United States representatives from Maryland|Maryland]]

The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives. : . Philip Stuart (F) : . John C. Herbert (F) : . Alexander C. Hanson (F), until ????, 1816 :: George Peter (F), from October 7, 1816 : . George Baer Jr. (F) : . Nicholas R. Moore (DR), until ????, 1815 :: Samuel Smith (DR), from February 4, 1816 : . William Pinkney (DR), until April 18, 1816 :: Peter Little (DR), from December 2, 1816 : . Stevenson Archer (DR) : . Robert Wright (DR) : . Charles Goldsborough (F)

[[List of United States representatives from Massachusetts|Massachusetts]]

: . Artemas Ward Jr. (F) : . Timothy Pickering (F) : . Jeremiah Nelson (F) : . Asahel Stearns (F) : . Elijah H. Mills (F) : . Samuel Taggart (F) : . John W. Hulbert (F) : . William Baylies (F) : . John Reed Jr. (F) : . Laban Wheaton (F) : . Elijah Brigham (F), until February 22, 1816 :: Benjamin Adams (F), from December 2, 1816 : . Solomon Strong (F) : . Nathaniel Ruggles (F) : . Cyrus King (F) : . George Bradbury (F) : . Benjamin Brown (F) : . James Carr (F) : . Thomas Rice (F) : . Samuel S. Conner (DR) : . Albion K. Parris (DR)

[[List of United States representatives from New Hampshire|New Hampshire]]

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. : . Charles H. Atherton (F) : . Bradbury Cilley (F) : . William Hale (F) : . Roger Vose (F) : . Daniel Webster (F) : . Jeduthun Wilcox (F)

[[List of United States representatives from New Jersey|New Jersey]]

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. : . Ezra Baker (DR) : . Ephraim Bateman (DR) : . Benjamin Bennet (DR) : . Lewis Condict (DR) : . Henry Southard (DR) : . Thomas Ward (DR)

[[List of United States representatives from New York|New York]]

There were six plural districts, the 1st, 2nd, 12th, 15th, 20th & 21st, each had two representatives. : . Henry Crocheron (DR) : . George Townsend (DR) : . William Irving (DR) : . Peter H. Wendover (DR) : . Jonathan Ward (DR) : . Abraham H. Schenck (DR) : . Thomas P. Grosvenor (F) : . Jonathan Fisk (DR), until March ????, 1815 :: James W. Wilkin (DR), from December 4, 1815 : . Samuel Betts (DR) : . Erastus Root (DR), from December 26, 1815 : . John Lovett (F) : . Hosea Moffitt (F) : . John W. Taylor (DR) : . Asa Adgate (DR), from December 7, 1815 : . John Savage (DR) : . John B. Yates (DR) : . Daniel Cady (F) : . James Birdsall (DR) : . Jabez D. Hammond (DR) : . Thomas R. Gold (F) : . Westel Willoughby Jr. (DR), from December 13, 1815 : . Moss Kent (F) : . Victory Birdseye (DR) : . Oliver C. Comstock (DR) : . Enos T. Throop (DR), until June 4, 1816 :: Daniel Avery (DR), from December 3, 1816 : . Micah Brooks (DR), : . Peter B. Porter (DR), until January 23, 1816 :: Archibald S. Clarke (DR), from December 2, 1816

[[List of United States representatives from North Carolina|North Carolina]]

: . William H. Murfree (DR) : . Joseph H. Bryan (DR) : . James W. Clark (DR) : . William Gaston (F) : . William R. King (DR), until November 4, 1816 :: Charles Hooks (DR), from December 2, 1816 : . Nathaniel Macon (DR), until December 13, 1815 :: Weldon N. Edwards (DR), from February 7, 1816 : . John Culpepper (F) : . Richard Stanford (DR), until April 9, 1816 :: Samuel Dickens (DR), from December 2, 1816 : . Bartlett Yancey (DR) : . William C. Love (DR) : . Daniel M. Forney (DR) : . Israel Pickens (DR) : . Lewis Williams (DR)

[[List of United States representatives from Ohio|Ohio]]

: . John McLean (DR), until ????, 1816 :: William Henry Harrison (DR), from December 2, 1816 : . John Alexander (DR) : . William Creighton Jr. (DR) : . James Caldwell (DR) : . James Kilbourne (DR) : . David Clendenin (DR)

[[List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]]

There were six plural districts, the 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th & 10th had two representatives each, the 1st had four representatives. : . Joseph Hopkinson (F) : . William Milnor (F) : . Thomas Smith (F) : . Jonathan Williams (DR), until May 16, 1815 :: John Sergeant (F), from December 6, 1815 : . William Darlington (DR) : . John Hahn (DR) : . James M. Wallace (DR), from October 10, 1815 : . John Whiteside (DR) : . Hugh Glasgow (DR) : . William Crawford (DR) : . William Maclay (DR) : . Samuel D. Ingham (DR) : . John Ross (DR) : . Joseph Hiester (DR) : . William Piper (DR) : . David Bard (DR), until March 12, 1815 :: Thomas Burnside (DR), from December 11, 1815, until April ????, 1816 :: William P. Maclay (DR), from December 3, 1816 : . Jared Irwin (DR) : . William Wilson (DR) : . William Findley (DR) : . Aaron Lyle (DR) : . Isaac Griffin (DR) : . John Woods (F) : . Thomas Wilson (DR)

[[List of United States representatives from Rhode Island|Rhode Island]]

Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. : . John L. Boss Jr. (F) : . James B. Mason (F)

[[List of United States representatives from South Carolina|South Carolina]]

: . Henry Middleton (DR) : . William Lowndes (DR) : . Benjamin Huger (F) : . John J. Chappell (DR) : . William Woodward (DR) : . John C. Calhoun (DR) : . John Taylor (DR) : . Thomas Moore (DR) : . William Mayrant (DR), until October 21, 1816 :: Stephen D. Miller (DR), from January 2, 1817

[[List of United States representatives from Tennessee|Tennessee]]

: . Samuel Powell (DR) : . John Sevier (DR), until September 24, 1815 :: William G. Blount (DR), from January 8, 1816 : . Isaac Thomas (DR) : . Bennett H. Henderson (DR) : . Newton Cannon (DR) : . James B. Reynolds (DR)

[[List of United States representatives from Vermont|Vermont]]

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. : . Daniel Chipman (F), until May 5, 1816 : . Luther Jewett (F) : . Chauncey Langdon (F) : . Asa Lyon (F) : . Charles Marsh (F) : . John Noyes (F)

[[List of United States representatives from Virginia|Virginia]]

: . John G. Jackson (DR) : . Magnus Tate (F) : . Henry St. George Tucker (DR) : . William McCoy (DR) : . James Breckinridge (F) : . Daniel Sheffey (F) : . Ballard Smith (DR) : . Joseph Lewis Jr. (F) : . John P. Hungerford (DR) : . Aylett Hawes (DR) : . Philip P. Barbour (DR) : . William H. Roane (DR) : . Burwell Bassett (DR) : . William A. Burwell (DR) : . Matthew Clay (DR), until May 27, 1815 :: John Kerr (DR), from December 5, 1815 : . John Randolph (DR) : . James Pleasants (DR) : . Thomas Gholson Jr. (DR), until July 4, 1816 :: Thomas M. Nelson (DR), from December 6, 1816 : . Peterson Goodwyn (DR) : . James Johnson (DR) : . Thomas Newton Jr. (DR) : . Hugh Nelson (DR) : . John Clopton (DR), until September 11, 1816 :: John Tyler (DR), from December 17, 1816

Non-voting members

: . Benjamin Stephenson :: Nathaniel Pope : . Jonathan Jennings, until December 11, 1816 : . William Lattimore : . Rufus Easton, until August 5, 1816 :: John Scott, August 6, 1816 – January 13, 1817

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

Sorted Chronologically by date of vacancy

|- | Tennessee (2) | | Jesse Wharton (DR) Successor elected October 10, 1815.

| | John Williams (DR) | Seated October 10, 1815

|- | Kentucky (2) | | William T. Barry (DR) Successor appointed November 13, 1816, to continue the term and then finished the term either by special election or by the appointment. | | Martin D. Hardin (F) | Seated November 13, 1816

|- | Indiana (1) | | James Noble (DR)

|- | Indiana (3) | | Waller Taylor (DR) |}

House of Representatives

Sorted Chronologically by date of vacancy

Main article: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

|- | | Vacant | Seat declared vacant by the governor, “caused by the acceptance of Henry Clay to sign a commercial convention as Minister Plenipotentiary to Great Britain”, but Clay was elected to fill his own vacancy | | Henry Clay (DR) | December 4, 1815

|- | | Vacant | Credentials for incumbent William S. Smith (F) were issued by the Secretary of State of New York, but Smith did not take or claim the seat, contested by Willoughby Jr. | | Westel Willoughby Jr. (DR) | December 13, 1815

|- | | John Scott | His election was contested by his predecessor Easton. On January 13, 1817, the election was declared illegal, but the seat was declared vacant. | Vacant until next Congress

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

Attorney General's Office (Select)
Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Abner Lacock)
Claims (Chairman: Jonathan Roberts)
Commerce and Manufactures (Chairman: William Hunter)
Compensation of Members of Congress (Select)
District of Columbia (Chairman: Armistead Mason)
Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Eligius Fromentin)
Finance (Select)
Indiana Admission to the Union (Select)
Judiciary (Chairman: Dudley Chase)
Military Affairs (Chairman: John Williams)
Militia (Chairman: Joseph Varnum)
Memorial of the Mississippi Territory (Chairman: N/A)
National University (Chairman: N/A)
Naval Affairs (Chairman: Charles Tait)
Pensions (Chairman: Jeremiah Howell)
Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: James J. Wilson)
Public Lands (Chairman: Jeremiah Morrow)
Slave Trade (Select)
Weights and Measures (Select)
Whole

House of Representatives

Accounts (Chairman: John McLean then Peter Little)
Assent of Congress to an Act of the Virginia Legislature (Select)
Attorney General's Office (Select)
Banks of the District of Columbia (Select)
Berkshire Association (Select)
Bible Society of Philadelphia (Select)
Bonus of the National Banks (Select)
Bounty Lands Communication (Select)
Claims (Chairman: Bartlett Yancey)
Commerce and Manufactures (Chairman: Thomas Newton Jr.)
District of Columbia (Chairman: Henry S. Tucker)
Elections (Chairman: John W. Taylor)
Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Stevenson Archer)
Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Newton Cannon)
Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: John B. Yates)
Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: Samuel Smith)
Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: Erastus Root)
Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: Lewis Condict)
Judiciary (Chairman: Hugh Nelson)
Pensions and Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: John J. Chappell)
Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Samuel D. Ingham)
Private Land Claims (Chairman: Solomon P. Sharp)
Public Expenditures (Chairman: William H. Murfree then Israel Pickens)
Public Lands (Chairman: Thomas B. Robertson)
Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: Lewis Condict)
Rules (Select)
Standards of Official Conduct
Ways and Means (Chairman: William Lowndes)
Whole

Joint committees

Enrolled Bills

Employees

[[List of federal agencies in the United States#United States Congress|Legislative branch agency]] directors

Architect of the Capitol: Benjamin Latrobe, from April 6, 1815
Librarian of Congress: George Watterston

Senate

Chaplain: Jesse Lee (Methodist), until December 8, 1815
- John Glendie (Presbyterian), elected December 8, 1815
- Sereno Edwards Dwight, (Congregationalist) elected December 16, 1816
Secretary: Charles Cutts
Sergeant at Arms: Mountjoy Bayly

House of Representatives

Chaplain: Obadiah B. Brown (Baptist), until December 7, 1815
- Spencer H. Cone (Baptist), December 7, 1815 – December 2, 1816
- Burgiss Allison (Baptist), elected December 2, 1816
Clerk: Thomas Dougherty
Doorkeeper: Thomas Claxton
Reading Clerks:
Sergeant at Arms: Thomas Dunn

Notes

References

Torrey, Jesse. (1817). "A portraiture of domestic slavery in the United States". John Bioren, printer.
(January 6, 2008). "NC US Senate – Special Election". Our Campaigns.
(August 29, 2004). "MD US Senate". Our Campaigns.

Info: Wikipedia Source

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