Zonitidae

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Family of gastropods

title: "Zonitidae" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["zonitidae", "extant-paleocene-first-appearances"] description: "Family of gastropods" topic_path: "general/zonitidae" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zonitidae" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Family of gastropods ::

| fossil_range = Paleocene or Cretaceous – Recent | image = Aegopis verticillus1.jpg | image_caption = A live individual of Aegopis verticillus | display_parents = 3 | parent_authority = Mörch, 1864 | taxon = Zonitidae | authority = Mörch, 1864 | subdivision_ranks = Genera | subdivision = See text

Zonitidae, common name the true glass snails, are a family of mostly rather small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Zonitoidea.

Zonitidae is the only family in the superfamily Zonitoidea. The family's type genus is Zonites, established by Pierre Denys de Montfort in 1810. This family has no subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

Distribution

The distribution of the Zonitidae encompasses the western Palearctic.

Shell description

The spiral, heliciform shells of these snails are flattened in shape with a very low spire. The shell is perforate or umbilicate. The lip of the aperture is simple, lacking thickened margin. These shells are more or less transparent as if made of glass, hence the popular name "glass snails". The shells are colorless or of an amber to brownish color.

Biology

Some snails in genera within this family create and use love darts as part of their mating behavior.

In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 21 and 25 and also lies between 31 and 35, but other values are also possible (according to the values in this table).

Ecology

These snails live in damp places under stones and similar objects. The true glass snails are usually nocturnal.

Genera

Genera within the family Zonitidae include:

Cladogram

The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationships of this family to other families in the limacoid clade:

|label1=limacoid clade |1={{clade |label1=Staffordioidea |1=Staffordiidae |2={{clade |1={{clade |label1=Dyakioidea |1=Dyakiidae |label2=Gastrodontoidea |2={{clade |1=Pristilomatidae |2={{clade |1=Chronidae |2={{clade |1=Euconulidae |2=Trochomorphidae |3={{clade |1=Gastrodontidae |2=Oxychilidae |2={{clade |label1=Parmacelloidea |1={{clade |1=Trigonochlamydidae |2=Parmacellidae |3=Milacidae |2={{clade |1={{clade |label1=Zonitoidea |1=Zonitidae |label2=Helicarionoidea |2={{clade |1=Helicarionidae |2={{clade |1=Ariophantidae |2=Urocyclidae |label2=Limacoidea |2={{clade |1=Vitrinidae |2={{clade |1=Boettgerillidae |2={{clade |1=Limacidae |2=Agriolimacidae

References

References

  1. [http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/home/family?id=7 "Family summary for Zonitidae"]. [[AnimalBase]], last change 19-09-2006, accessed 4 August 2010.
  2. [[Otto Andreas Lowson Mörch. Mörch]], 1864. ''Fortegnelse over de i Danmark forekommende Land- of Ferskvandbløddyr''. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistorisk Forening i Kjöbenhavn, 17–22 (from 1863): 265–367. zonitidae on the page 274.
  3. [[George Washington Tryon]] 1886. ''Manual of Conchology'', [https://archive.org/stream/manualconch02tryorich volume 2], Zonitidae.
  4. 0-85199-318-4. 1–146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
  5. "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Allaegopis A. Riedel, 1979".
  6. Barrientos, Zaidett. (2003). "Lista de especies de moluscos terrestres (Archaeogastropoda, Mesogastropoda, Archaeopulmonata, Stylommatophora, Soleolifera) informadas para Costa Rica.". Revista de Biología Tropical.
  7. "Standard Report". Interagency Taxonomic Information System.
  8. Turgeon, D.D., J.F. Quinn, Jr., A.E. Bogan, E.V. Coan, F.G. Hochberg, W.G. Lyons, P.M. Mikkelsen, R.J. Neves, C.F.E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F.G. Thompson, M. Vecchione, and J.D. Williams. 1998. ''Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks''. 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland: 526 pp.
  9. "Standard Report". nteragency Taxonomic Information System.
  10. Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". ''[[Journal of Biogeography]]'' '''27'''(2): 379–390. {{doi. 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2656267 JSTOR].

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