Limacidae

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Family of keelback slugs

title: "Limacidae" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["limacidae"] description: "Family of keelback slugs" topic_path: "general/limacidae" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limacidae" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Family of keelback slugs ::

| image = DSCF8715_slug_curled_up_lg.jpg | image_caption = A live individual of Limax maximus | taxon = Limacidae | authority = Lamarck, 1801 | diversity_ref = | diversity_link = #Genera | diversity = 12 genera, many species (more than 56 species) | synonyms = Limacidae, also known by their common name the keelback slugs, are a taxonomic family of medium-sized to very large, air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Limacoidea.

Distribution

The distribution of the family Limacidae is the western Palearctic. There are 28 species of Limacidae in Russia and adjacent countries.

Cytology

In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 21 and 25 and also lies between 31 and 35 (according to the values in this table).

Taxonomy

2002 taxonomy

Zhiltsov & Schileyko (2002) elevated the subfamily Bielziinae to family level, Bielziidae, based on the morphology of the reproductive system of Bielzia coerulans.

2005 taxonomy

The following two subfamilies were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):

  • subfamily Limacinae Lamarck, 1801 - synonyms: Limacopsidae Gerhardt, 1935; Bielziinae I. M. Likharev & Wiktor, 1980
  • subfamily Eumilacinae I. M. Likharev & Wiktor, 1980

Genera

Genera in the family Limacidae include:

subfamily Limacinae

subfamily Eumilacinae

Cladogram

A cladogram showing the phylogenic relationships of this family to other families within the limacoid clade:

|label1=limacoid clade |1={{clade |label1=Staffordioidea |1=Staffordiidae |2={{clade |1={{clade |label1=Dyakioidea |1=Dyakiidae |label2=Gastrodontoidea |2={{clade |1=Pristilomatidae |2={{clade |1=Chronidae |2={{clade |1=Euconulidae |2=Trochomorphidae |3={{clade |1=Gastrodontidae |2=Oxychilidae |2={{clade |label1=Parmacelloidea |1={{clade |1=Trigonochlamydidae |2=Parmacellidae |3=Milacidae |2={{clade |1={{clade |label1=Zonitoidea |1=Zonitidae |label2=Helicarionoidea |2={{clade |1=Helicarionidae |2={{clade |1=Ariophantidae |2=Urocyclidae |label2=Limacoidea |2={{clade |1=Vitrinidae |2={{clade |1=Boettgerillidae |2={{clade |1=Limacidae |2=Agriolimacidae

Ecology

Parasites of slugs in this family include larvae of the marsh flies Sciomyzidae, and others.

References

References

  1. {{in lang. fr [[Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. Lamarck J.-B.]] 1801. ''Système des animaux sans vertèbres, ou tableau général des classes, des ordres et des genres de ces animaux; présentant leurs caractères essentiels et leur distribution, d'après la considération de leurs…'' Paris, Detreville, VIII: 1-432. Page 62, originally spelled under vernacular name "es Limaciers".
  2. {{in lang. pl Wiktor A. (1989). ''Limacoidea et Zonitoidea nuda. Slimaki pomrowioksztaltne (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)''. Fauna Poloniae 12, [[Polish Academy of Sciences. Polska Akademia Nauk]], Warszawa, 208 pp., page 141.
  3. [http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/list/families?highergroup=28 "Families in Gastropoda"] AnimalBase. accessed 10 September 2010.
  4. 0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
  5. {{in lang. ru Zhiltsov S. S. & Schileyko A. A. (2002). "Morphology of reproductive system of ''Bielzia coerulans'' (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) and phylogenetic relations of the genus ''Bielzia''". ''Ruthenica'' '''12''': 73-79. [http://www.ruthenica.com/documents/Vol13_Zhiltsov_Schileyko_73-79.pdf abstract].
  6. {{in lang. de Gerhardt U. (16 July 1935). "Weitere Untersuchungen zur Kopulation der Nacktschnecken". ''Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere'' '''30'''(2): 297-332. Page 329.
  7. {{in lang. ru Likharev I. M. & Wiktor A. (after 10 November 1980). ''Slizni fauny SSR i sopredelnykh stran (Gastropoda terrestria nuda)'' [The fauna of slugs of the USSR and adjacent countries]. Fauna SSSR, Molljuskii, 3(5): 437 pp. Page 290.
  8. Kantor Yu I., Vinarski M. V., Schileyko A. A. & Sysoev A. V.(published online on December 22, 2009). "Catalogue of the continental mollusks of Russia and adjacent territories". [http://www.ruthenica.com/documents/Continental_Russian_molluscs_ver2-3.pdf Version 2.3.]
  9. Wiktor A., Quintana J. & Beckmann K.-H. (2007). "Redescription of "''Limax majoricensis''" (Heynemann 1863) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Limacidae) from the Balearic Islands. pp. 187-197. In: Beckmann K.-H.: ''Die Land- und Süßwassermollusken der Balearischen Inseln''. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 255 pp., {{ISBN. 978-3-939767-05-3.
  10. Marshall, B. (2015). ''Ambigolimax'' Pollonera, 1887. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=819989 on 2015-04-15
  11. Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". ''[[Journal of Biogeography]]'' '''27'''(2): 379-390. {{doi. 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2656267 JSTOR].

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limacidae