Ukhrul district

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title: "Ukhrul district" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["ukhrul-district", "1969-establishments-in-manipur", "districts-of-manipur", "minority-concentrated-districts-in-india"] topic_path: "geography/india" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukhrul_district" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

Field	Value
native_name_lang	Hunphun
settlement_type	District of Manipur
image_skyline	I eventually found the strength to walk around a bit at Phangrei (50016303622).jpg
image_caption	Phangrei Hill, popular tourist spot
image_map	Ukhrul in Manipur (India).svg
map_caption	Location in Manipur
coordinates
subdivision_type	Country
subdivision_name	India
subdivision_type1	State
subdivision_name1	Manipur
established_title	Formation
established_date	1969
seat_type	Headquarters
seat	Ukhrul
unit_pref	Metric
area_rank	4
area_total_km2	2206
elevation_m	3114
population_total	138382
population_as_of	2011
population_rank	7
population_density_km2	auto
population_demonym	Tangkhul
population_footnotes
timezone1	IST
utc_offset1	+5:30
postal_code_type	Pincode(s)
postal_code	795142
registration_plate	MN
website
official_name	Ukhrul district
blank_name_sec1	Literacy
blank_info_sec1	81.35 %
demographics_type1	Language(s)
demographics1_title1	Official
demographics1_info1	English
demographics1_title2	Regional
demographics1_info2	Tangkhul
::

Ukhrul district (Meitei pronunciation:/ˈuːkˌɹəl or ˈuːkˌɹʊl/) is an administrative district of the state of Manipur in India with its headquarters at Ukhrul. The Ukhrul district has a long history dating back to the 1920s when it was created as the North-East Hill Sub-Division of the then princely state of Manipur. In 2016, the Kamjong subdivision of the Ukhrul district was spun out as a separate district, leading to the present configuration of the Ukhrul district.

History

The region to the north-eastern part of the Imphal Valley is the ancestral home to the Tangkhul Nagas from time immemorial. They have lived there independently with no control from outside world.

Until November 1969, Manipur existed as a single district made up of ten sub-divisions, and the area of present-day Ukhrul district was one among them. With the administrative restructuring of 1969, the area became a district called Manipur East, with the Ukhrul village functioning as the district headquarters. It comprised five sub-divisions namely Ukhrul North, Ukhrul Central, Phungyar Phaisat, Kamjong Chassad, and Ukhrul South headquartered at Chingai, Ukhrul, Phungyar Phaisat, Kamjong Chassad, and Kamsong Khullen respectively. In 1983, the district officially adopted the name Ukhrul district.

Geography

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/MANIPUR_district_map.svg" caption="2011 district map of Manipur; the Ukhrul district was divided into the present Ukhrul district and Kamjong district in 2016"] ::

Ukhrul District occupying the northeastern corner of the state lies between latitudes of 24° 29′ and 25° 42′ N and longitudes 94° 30′ and 94° 45′ E approximately (including Kamjong district). Nagaland bounds the district on the north, Kamjong District on the south, Myanmar (Burma) on the east and Senapati district and Kangpokpi District on the west. The north–south extension is longer than the east–west. The total area of the district is 4,544 square kilometres (1,754 sq mi) including Kamjong District. It has the distinction of being the highest hill station of Manipur. The terrain of the district is hilly with varying heights of 913 m to 2835 m (MSL). The highest peak is the Shirui Kaphung, at 2835 m (MSL). Most of the major rivers originate from the crevices and slopes of this Shirui Peak. The terrain of the district is rippled with small ranges and striped by few rivers.

The northern hilly region occupies the northern portion of the district and lies between the Akhong Lok or Laini Lok river and Chammu river. A big range stretches from north to south starting from near Jessami to Shirui Kashong as high as 2,568 metres above the MSL. The eastern hilly region occupies the eastern part of the district that lies east of the Chammu and Maklangkhong rivers. The Gamgimol or Nehdoh Lhang range forms an International boundary with Myanmar. The southern hilly region is situated at the southwestern corner of the district, which divides the Maklangkhong and Taret rivers. The district is drained by the two river systems, the Chindwin River system in the north and the Manipur river system in the south-west.

Flora and fauna

The district is home to hundreds of varieties of trees and flowering plants, orchids, epiphytic ferns, varied species of plants and shrubs. Some of the best known species of plants and trees includes Alder (Alnus nepalensis), Prunus cerasoides, Acacia auriculiformis, Parkia javanica, Paraserianthes falcataria, Michelia, Gmelina arborea, Pinus kesiya, Robinia pseudoacacia, besides various Iris (plant) species, wild roses, red and white rhododendrons etc. The district being covered with a wide dense of forest is a habitat of wild animals such as Elephant, Leopard, Tiger, Bear, Bison, Gaur, Crested porcupine, Pangolin, Jungle cat, Wild boar, Deer, Monkey etc. The state flower of Manipur, Shirui Lily, also called Shirui Lily or Lilium Macklinae is a rare pinkish white flower found only in the Shirui Hill Range in the Ukhrul District of Manipur. It is named after Jean Macklin, the wife of Dr. Frank Kingdon-Ward who spotted the flower in 1946 while collecting botanical specimens. The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), London, United Kingdom, one of the world's leading horticultural organizations honoured the Shirui Lily with its prestigious merit award at its Flower Show in London in 1948. The evergreen forest presents the district with a sylvan landscape. Some commonly found trees are Pine, Albizia, Castanopsis, Mesua, Mangifera indica, Phoebe hainesiana, Albizia lebbeck, Teak, Oak etc. The forests are also interspersed with multi-bamboos especially in the southern portions.

Though the State Flower, Shirui Lily have attracted many tourists and botanists from around the world, it now faces a crisis of possible extinction in the near future and has been categorized as an Endangered species due to climate change, deforestation, wildfire, poor conservation approaches, intrusion of other plants and bushes, over exploitation etc. Scientists and experts have advocated for the Shirui Lily to be left as it is in nature, and assured us that nature is capable of healing it without human interruptions caused by a forest fire and unguided tourists. They have also suggested number of steps and measures that can be taken up by the centre and state government and participation of various research institutions to raise awareness of protection of Shirui Lily and implementation of conservative initiatives.

Demographics

| align = right | source = Census of India | footnote = 2011 Ukhrul district (includes the present Kamjong district) | 1951 | 41,182 | 1961 | 48,590 | 1971 | 62,229 | 1981 | 82,946 | 1991 | 109,275 | 2001 | 140,778 | 2011 | 183,998

|title=Religions in Ukhrul district (2011) |titlebar=#Fcd116 |bars=

According to the 2011 census Ukhrul district has a population of 183,998. This gives it a ranking of 593rd in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 40 PD/sqkm. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 30.07%. Ukhrul has a sex ratio of 948 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 81.87%. The composition of population as per 2011 census is as below: ::data[format=table title=""] | title=A-11 Appendix: District wise scheduled tribe population (Appendix), Manipur - 2011 |date=2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/43013 |publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India}} | Percentage | |---|---| | All Scheduled Tribes | 173,606 | | Kuki-Zo tribes | 9,473 | | Naga tribes | 160,534 | | Old Kuki/Naga | 376 | ::

The overwhelming majority of the people are Tangkhul Nagas, who make up 87.2% of the population.

In terms of languages, 88.83% of the population speak Tangkhul, 2.22% Thadou, 1.69% Kuki, 1.59% Nepali, 1.41% Khezha and 1.08% Hindi as their first language.

After the separation of the Kamjong district, the residual district has a population of 138,382 as per 2011 census. It has a sex ratio of 942 females per 1000 males. 19.64% of the population live in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 0.16% and 93.62% of the population respectively.

Administrative divisions

The present district was made a full-fledged district as Manipur East District in 1969. The village, Ukhrul, became its headquarters, comprising Ukhrul North, Ukhrul Central, Phungyar Phaisat, Kamjong Chassad, and Ukhrul South as sub-divisions. Under Manipur Gazette Notification No.174 dated August 5, 1983, the name of the district came to be known as Ukhrul District after the name of the district headquarters, as in the case of other districts.

::data[format=table]

SDPO	Jurisdiction
SDPO, Ukhrul	Ukhrul, Litan, Somdal, Shangshak
SDPO, Jessami	Jessami, Chingjaroi, Kharasom, soraphung,
SDPO, Chingai	Chingai
::

Ukhrul District had three assembly constituencies before the bifurcation of the district into Ukhrul and Kamjong Districts. The constituencies are:

Phungyar Assembly Constituency (43-ST).
Ukhrul Assembly Constituency (44-ST).
Chingai Assembly Constituency (45-ST).

The Ukhrul District Autonomous Council (UADC) was instituted in the year 1971 under the Manipur (Hill Areas) District Council Act, 1971.

Notes

References

"[http://ourvillageindia.org/Place.aspx?PID=364191 Ukhrul District]". OurVillageIndia.com.
"Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 47th report (July 2008 to June 2010)". Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, [[Ministry of Minority Affairs]], [[Government of India]].
Khelen Thokchom, [https://www.telegraphindia.com/north-east/more-districts-in-manipur/cid/1403137 More districts in Manipur], The Telegraph (Kolkata), 9 December 2016. {{ProQuest. 2290178396
Manipur, Directorate of Census Operations. (2011). "DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK-UKHRUL".
"District Census Handbook-Ukhrul".
"Implications of climate change to Shirui Lily and response of Churches Part 1 by Somi Kasomwoshi".
"A-2 Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901". Censusindia.gov.in.
(2011). "Table C-01 Population by religious community: Manipur". [[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]].
"District Census Hand Book - Ukhrul". [[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]].
(2011). "A-11 Appendix: District wise scheduled tribe population (Appendix), Manipur - 2011". Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India.
Kom, Ch. Sekholal. (June 2015). "Ethno-nationalism: Competing Micro-nationalist Dissents in Manipur". Social Change.
(2011). "Table C-16 Population by mother tongue: Manipur". [[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]].
[https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/39215/7/07_chapter%201.pdf Chapter 1] shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in
"Legislative document".

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