Tylomelania

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Genus of gastropods

title: "Tylomelania" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["tylomelania", "gastropod-genera"] description: "Genus of gastropods" topic_path: "general/tylomelania" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tylomelania" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Genus of gastropods ::

| image = Tylomelania neritiformis shell 2.png | image_caption = Apertural view of a shell of Tylomelania neritiformis | image2 = Tylomelania_sp.jpg | image2_caption = Two Tylomelania sp. | taxon = Tylomelania | authority = Sarasin & Sarasin, 1897 | synonyms_ref = | synonyms = | diversity_ref = | diversity = 46 described species

Tylomelania is a genus of freshwater snails which have an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pachychilidae. In the aquarium hobby, snails from this genus are commonly known as "rabbit snails" (not to be confused with sea hares).

A sister group (the closest relative) of Tylomelania is genus Pseudopotamis (two species living on the Torres Strait Islands). Tylomelania and Pseudopotamis split in the Middle Miocene .

Distribution

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Tylomelania_map.png" caption="Distribution map of ''Tylomelania'' (red area) cover the majority of Sulawesi. Grey area with dashed line is showing [[Wallacea]]."] ::

Tylomelania are endemic to Sulawesi in Indonesia, with the vast majority restricted to Lake Poso and the Malili Lake system (consisting of Matano and Towuti, and the smaller Lontoa (Wawantoa), Mahalona, Masapi).

They most likely cannot inhabit altitudes above roughly 700 m.

Species

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Caracoles_tylomelania_amarillo.jpg" caption="Yellow rabbit snail tylomelania"] ::

There were known 34 described species in 2005. Thomas von Rintelen with colleagues described 15 new species of Tylomelania in 2003–2008.

Tylomelania species diversification started in and was probably caused by the late Miocene and Pliocene orogeny.

Species within the genus Tylomelania include:

Description

In species within the genus, the albumen gland is very large. The pallial oviduct evolved into a uterine brood, which releases shelled juvenile snails. Compared to other aquatic snails, many species of Tylomelania are known to be the few groups of snails that are not hermaphroditic but rather dioecious. Comparison of apertural views of shells of twenty Tylomelania species are below, though are not of proper scale: ::data[format=table] | [[File:Tylomelania abendanoni shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania abendanoni]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania baskasti shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania baskasti]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania carota shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania carota]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania celebicola shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania celebicola]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania centaurus shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania centaurus]]]] | |---|---|---|---|---| ::

::data[format=table] | [[File:Tylomelania hannelorae shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania hannelorae]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania helmuti shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania helmuti]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania lalemae shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania lalemae]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania mahalonensis shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania mahalonensis]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania masapensis shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania masapensis]]]] | |---|---|---|---|---| ::

::data[format=table] | [[File:Tylomelania patriarchalis shell 2.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania patriarchalis]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania perfecta shell 3.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania perfecta]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania sarasinorum shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania sarasinorum]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania sinabartfeldi shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania sinabartfeldi]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania tominangensis shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania tominangensis]]]] | |---|---|---|---|---| ::

::data[format=table] | [[File:Tylomelania toradjarum shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania toradjarum]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania towutensis shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania towutensis]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania towutica shell 2.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania towutica]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania wallacei shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania wallacei]]]] | [[File:Tylomelania zeamais shell.png|left|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Tylomelania zeamais]]]] | |---|---|---|---|---| ::

Ecology

Species in the genus Tylomelania are ovoviviparous. Newly hatched snails of some species of Tylomelania measure nearly 2 cm and are the largest newly hatched viviparous gastropods.

References

References

  1. [[Paul Sarasin. Sarasin P.]] & [[Fritz Sarasin. Sarasin F.]] (1897). "Über die Molluskenfauna der großen Süßwasser-Seen von Central-Celebes". ''[[Zoologischer Anzeiger]]'' 539/540: [https://archive.org/stream/zoologischeranze20deut#page/308/mode/2up 308]-320. [https://archive.org/stream/zoologischeranze20deut#page/316/mode/2up page 317].
  2. von Rintelen T., Stelbrink B. Marwoto R. M. & Glaubrecht M. (2014). "A Snail Perspective on the Biogeography of Sulawesi, Indonesia: Origin and Intra-Island Dispersal of the Viviparous Freshwater Gastropod ''Tylomelania''". ''PLoS ONE'' '''9'''(6): e98917. {{doi. 10.1371/journal.pone.0098917
  3. von Rintelen T., von Rintelen K. & Glaubrecht M. (2010). "The species flock of the viviparous freshwater gastropod ''Tylomelania'' (Mollusca: Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) in the ancient lakes of Sulawesi, Indonesia: the role of geography, trophic morphology and colour as driving forces in adaptive radiation." pp. 485–512 in: Glaubrecht, M. & Schneider H. eds. (2010). ''Evolution in Action: Adaptive Radiations and the Origins of Biodiversity''. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany.
  4. von Rintelen, [[Philippe Bouchet. Bouchet P.]] & Glaubrecht M. (2007). "Ancient lakes as hotspots of diversity: a morphological review of an endemic species flock of ''Tylomelania'' (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) in the [[Malili lake]] system on Sulawesi, Indonesia". ''Hydrobiologia'' '''592''':11–94. {{doi. 10.1007/s10750-007-0765-8.
  5. von Rintelen T. & Glaubrecht M. (2003). "New discoveries in old lakes: three new species of ''Tylomelania'' Sarasin & Sarasin, 1897 (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) from the Malili lake system on Sulawesi, Indonesia". ''[[Journal of Molluscan Studies]]'' '''69'''(1): 3–17. {{doi. 10.1093/mollus/69.1.3
  6. von Rintelen T. & Glaubrecht M. (2008). "Three new species of the freshwater snail genus ''Tylomelania'' (Caenogastropoda: Pachychilidae) from the Malili lake system, Sulawesi, Indonesia". ''[[Zootaxa]]'' '''1852''': 37–49. [http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2008/f/zt01852p049.pdf PDF].
  7. von Rintelen T. & Glaubrecht M. (2005). "Anatomy of an adaptive radiation: a unique reproductive strategy in the endemic freshwater gastropod ''Tylomelania'' (Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) on Sulawesi, Indonesia and its biogeographical implications." ''[[Biological Journal of the Linnean Society]]'' '''85''': 513–542. {{doi. 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00515.x.
  8. "Taxonomy browser (Tylomelania solitaria)".
  9. Elle Riley, May 9, 2023. "Rabbit Snail ‘Tylomelania’: A Complete Care Guide" https://fishhq.co/rabbit-snail/

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tylomelaniagastropod-genera