Ramboldia

Quality 0.50 · 0 views · Updated 2 months ago

Genus of lichen-forming fungi

title: "Ramboldia" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["lecanorales", "lecanorales-genera", "taxa-named-by-gintaras-kantvilas", "taxa-named-by-john-alan-elix", "taxa-described-in-1994"] description: "Genus of lichen-forming fungi" topic_path: "general/lecanorales" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramboldia" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Genus of lichen-forming fungi ::

| image = Ramboldia russula 205152.jpg | image_caption = Ramboldia russula | parent_authority = S.Stenroos, Miądl. & Lutzoni (2014) | taxon = Ramboldia | authority = Kantvilas & Elix (1994) | type_species = Ramboldia stuartii | type_species_authority = (Hampe) Kantvilas & Elix (1994) | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = Ramboldia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramboldiaceae. The genus was established in 1994 to accommodate several Australasian lichens that form crusts on wood, bark, and rock surfaces, and it was named in honour of the German mycologist Gerhard Rambold. These lichens are characterised by their small, disc-shaped fruiting bodies and their chemical composition, which includes β-orcinol derivatives and sometimes anthraquinones, though they lack the distinctive crimson reaction found in the related genus Pyrrhospora. The genus contains about 40 species found worldwide, ranging in colour from pale grey to nearly black.

Taxonomy

Ramboldia was erected in 1994, when Gintaras Kantvilas and John Elix showed that several Australasian Lecidea-like wood-inhabiting lichens did not fit any recognised genus of the Lecanoraceae and therefore warranted a new taxon. In their protologue they noted morphological affinities with Pyrrhospora but emphasised the complete absence of the KOH-reactive crimson or purple anthraquinones that characterise that genus, thus justifying separation. The authors placed five species in Ramboldia at inception—lignicolous R. stuartii (designated type) and R. subnexa, corticolous R. brunneocarpa, and the rock-dwelling pair R. petraeoides and R. plicatula. The genus name honours the German mycologist Gerhard Walter Rambold for his contributions to the study of Australasian lecideoid lichens.

The genus was emended in 2008 by the inclusion of Pyrrhospora species containing the anthraquinone compound russulone in their apothecia and having a exciple. The family Ramboldiaceae was erected in 2014 to contain the genus.

Description

Ramboldia grows as a crust that lies flat against its substrate. The thallus can be a patchwork of tiny, tile-like , a more diffuse film (), or so slight that it is barely visible. Its colour varies from pale grey through reddish brown to almost black. As in many lichens, the photosynthetic partner () is a single-celled green alga of the type, which supplies carbohydrates to the fungal host.

The sexual fruiting bodies are small, light tan to black (apothecia). Because they are , the rim is formed entirely by fungal tissue—the surrounding lichen crust does not contribute a thallus-derived margin. When young, each disc is encircled by a persistent wall () made of tightly glued, radiating hyphae; in very mature apothecia this wall may erode and disappear flush with the disc surface. Beneath the hymenium the supporting tissue () is colourless, while the hymenium itself is threaded with sparsely branched paraphyses whose tips may swell or darken. The asci are of the Lecanora type and each produces eight narrowly ellipsoidal to rod-shaped ascospores that remain single-celled and lack an outer gelatinous coat. Asexual propagation takes place in immersed pycnidia, minute flask-like structures that release thread-like conidia.

Chemical analyses show that most species contain β-orcinol derivatives, and some also produce anthraquinones, although the apothecia never give the crimson or purple potassium hydroxide (K+) reaction typical of the related genus Pyrrhospora. Superficially, Ramboldia can resemble Carbonea, Lecidella, Miriquidica and members of the Lecanora symmicta group, but it differs from each in the microscopic architecture of its exciple or asci.

Species

, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accept 40 species of Ramalina.

References

References

  1. (2022). "New species of lichenized fungi from Brazil, with a record report of 492 species in a small area of the Amazon Forest". The Bryologist.
  2. (2024). "Miscellaneous Lecanorales including ''Biatorella'' (Biatorellaceae), ''Carbonicola'' (Carbonicolaceae), ''Haematomma'' (Haematommataceae), ''Psilolechia'' (Psilolechiaceae), ''Ramboldia'' (Ramboldiaceae), ''Scoliciosporum'' (Scoliciosporaceae), and ''Adelolecia'', ''Catinaria'', ''Frutidella'', ''Herteliana'', ''Lithocalla'', ''Myochroidea'', ''Puttea'' and ''Schadonia'' (of uncertain position)".
  3. "''Ramboldia''".
  4. (2001). "New or otherwise interesting lichens. I.". Bibliotheca Lichenologica.
  5. (2008). "A new circumscription of the genus ''Ramboldia'' (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota) based on morphological and molecular evidence". Nova Hedwigia.
  6. (1994). "''Ramboldia'', a new genus in the lichen family Lecanoraceae". The Bryologist.
  7. (2007). "The genus ''Ramboldia'' (Lecanoraceae): A new species, key and notes". The Lichenologist.
  8. (2011). "''Ramboldia blochiana'', a new sorediate species in the ''Ramboldia russula'' group". Opuscula Philolichenum.
  9. (2014). "A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.
  10. (2024). "A new lichen and lichenicolous fungus from ''Larix laricina'' in patterned fens of boreal North America". The Lichenologist.
  11. (2009). "''Ramboldia amarkantakana'' (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota), a new lichen species from India". Mycotaxon.

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

lecanoraleslecanorales-generataxa-named-by-gintaras-kantvilastaxa-named-by-john-alan-elixtaxa-described-in-1994