Phanerochaete

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Genus of fungi

title: "Phanerochaete" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["phanerochaete", "phanerochaetaceae", "polyporales-genera", "taxa-named-by-petter-adolf-karsten", "taxa-described-in-1889"] description: "Genus of fungi" topic_path: "general/phanerochaete" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phanerochaete" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Genus of fungi ::

| image = Phanerochaete.velutina2.-.lindsey.jpg | image_caption = Phanerochaete velutina | taxon = Phanerochaete | authority = P.Karst (1889) | type_species = Phanerochaete alnea | type_species_authority = (Fr.) P.Karst. (1889) | synonyms_ref = | synonyms = *Corticium Fr. (1835)

  • Xerocarpus P.Karst. (1881)
  • Grandiniella P.Karst. (1895)
  • Membranicium J.Erikss. (1958) | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision =

Phanerochaete is a genus of crust fungi in the family Phanerochaetaceae.

Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed by Finnish mycologist Petter Karsten in 1889. Marinus Anton Donk redefined the limits of the genus in two publications in 1957 and 1962. Phanerochaete has traditionally been delimited based on the overall morphology of the fruit body, as well as microscopic characteristics including the nature of the hyphal structure, cystidia, and spores. Molecular analyses demonstrate that the genus is polyphyletic, containing members placed throughout the phlebioid clade of the Polyporales.

The genus name is derived from the Greek words φανεφός ("distinct") and χαίτη ("hair").

Description

Phanerochaete species have membranaceous, crust-like fruit bodies. The hyphal system is monomitic, with simple-septate generative hyphae; single or multiple clamps may be present in the subiculum. The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are club-shaped and smooth. Spores of the genus are thin-walled, inamyloid, hyaline, and have a cylindrical to ellipsoidal shape. Phanerochaete species cause white rot on both conifers and hardwoods.

Chemistry

Phanerochaete includes white rot fungi that are able to degrade the woody polymer lignin to carbon dioxide. This is achieved, in part, by lignin peroxidases and manganese peroxidases. These peroxidases are also able to mediate oxidation of a wide variety of organic pollutants. The genome of Phanerochaete chrysosporium was sequenced and shows the genetic potential to make over 100 cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. White rot fungi have been used in bioremediation efforts to break down potentially harmful chemicals in soil and in water. For example, phenol-formaldehyde is degraded by P. chrysosporium, while P. sordida breaks down the neonicotinoid pesticide clothianidin.

Species

, Index Fungorum accepts 101 species of Phanerochaete:

References

References

  1. "Phanerochaete | COL".
  2. Bresadola, G.. (1903). "Fungi Polonici a cl. Viro B. Eichler lecti". Annales Mycologici.
  3. (1974). "Three new species of ''Phanerochaete'' (Aphyllophorales, Corticiaceae)". Mycologia.
  4. Burdsall, H.H.. (1985). "A contribution to the taxonomy of the genus ''Phanerochaete''". Mycologia Memoirs.
  5. (1995). "''Phanerochaete andreae'' sp. nov. (Aphyllophorales, Basidiomycotina), from the Canary Islands". Mycotaxon.
  6. De, A.B.. (1991). "A new species of ''Phanerochaete'' (Aphyllophorales, Corticiaceae) from India". Mycotaxon.
  7. Donk, M.A.. (1957). "The proposed names for Hymenomycetes. VII: "Thelephoraceae" (Conclusion)". Taxon.
  8. Donk, M.A.. (1962). "Notes on resupinate Hymenomycetes-VI". Persoonia.
  9. (2015). "Revisiting the taxonomy of ''Phanerochaete'' (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) using a four gene dataset and extensive ITS sampling". Fungal Biology.
  10. (2015). "Molecular and morphological evidence reveal a new non-cystidiate species belonging to the core ''Phanerochaete'' (Polyporales)". Mycological Progress.
  11. (2006). "White-rot fungi demonstrate first biodegradation of phenolic resin". Environmental Science and Technology.
  12. Hallenberg, N.. (1978). "Wood-Fungi (Corticiaceae, Coniophoraceae, Lachnocladiaceae, Thelephoraceae) in N. Iran. I". Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology.
  13. Hjortstam, K.. (2000). "Two new species of ''Phanerochaete'' (Basidiomycotina, Aphyllophorales), and a key to species from subtropical and tropical areas". Karstenia.
  14. (2004). "Some new tropical genera and species of corticioid fungi (Basidiomycotina, Aphyllophorales)". Synopsis Fungorum.
  15. Karsten, Petter. (1889). "Kritisk öfversigt af Finlands Basidsvampar (Basidiomycetes; Gastero- & Hymenomycetes)". Bidrag till Kännedom of Finlands Natur Folk.
  16. (1990). "The Corticiaceae and the resupinate Hydnaceae of Taiwan". Taiwania.
  17. (2016). "''Phanerochaete porostereoides'', a new species in the core clade with brown generative hyphae from China". Mycosphere.
  18. (1995). "''Phanerochaete parvispora'' sp. nov. (Aphyllophorales) from Venetian Lagoon, Italy". Mycotaxon.
  19. (2004). "Genome sequence of the lignocellulose degrading fungus ''Phanerochaete chrysosporium'' strain RP78". Nature Biotechnology.
  20. (2005). "The genus ''Phanerochaete'' (Corticiaceae, Basidiomycotina) sensu lato in Uruguay". Sydowia.
  21. (2017). "Bioremediation of the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin by the white-rot fungus ''Phanerochaete sordida''". Journal of Hazardous Materials.
  22. Roberts, P.. (2000). "Corticioid fungi from Korup National Park, Cameroon". Kew Bulletin.
  23. Sádlíková, M.. (2017). "A new ''Phanerochaete'' (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) with brown subicular hyphae from Thailand". Mycosphere.
  24. (2012). "P450 monooxygenases (P450ome) of the model white rot fungus ''Phanerochaete chrysosporium''". Critical Reviews in Microbiology.
  25. "''Phanerochaete'' P. Karst. 1889". [[MycoBank]]. International Mycological Association.
  26. Wu, Sheng-Hua. (1998). "Nine new species of ''Phanerochaete'' from Taiwan". Mycological Research.
  27. Wu, S.H.. (2000). "Six new species of ''Phanerochaete'' from Taiwan". Botanical Bulletin of the Academia Sinica (Taipei).
  28. (2010). "The white-rotting genus ''Phanerochaete'' is polyphyletic and distributed throughout the phleboid clade of the Polyporales (Basidiomycota)". Fungal Diversity.
  29. (2018). "Two new species of ''Phanerochaete'' (Basidiomycota) and redescription of ''P. robusta''". Mycological Progress.

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phanerochaetephanerochaetaceaepolyporales-generataxa-named-by-petter-adolf-karstentaxa-described-in-1889