Maykop

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Capital city of Adygea, Russia

title: "Maykop" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["maykop", "kuban-oblast", "populated-places-established-in-1857", "1857-establishments-in-the-russian-empire", "populated-places-in-maykop-federal-city"] description: "Capital city of Adygea, Russia" topic_path: "geography/russia" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maykop" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary Capital city of Adygea, Russia ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox Russian inhabited locality"]

FieldValue
en_nameMaykop
ru_nameМайкоп
loc_name1Мыекъуапэ
loc_lang1Adyghe
loc_name2Гъакъыва
loc_lang2Ubykh
image_skyline{{multiple image
borderinfobox
perrow1/2/2/2/2
total_width250
image1CLOUDS VIEW (2011-07-22 18-42-09) - panoramio.jpg
image2Вокзал Майкопа.JPG
image3Mosque Maykop.JPG
image4Солодовенный цех пивоваренного завода "Майкопа"2.jpg
footerFrom the top to bottom, Skyline of Maykop, Maykop Train Station, Maykop Grand Mosque, Maykop Brewery}}
coordinates
pushpin_mapRussia Adygea#European Russia#Caucasus mountains#Black Sea#Russia#Europe
image_coaCoat of arms of Maykop.svg
image_flagFlag of Maykop.svg
holidayFirst Saturday of June
federal_subjectRepublic of Adygea
federal_subject_ref
adm_city_jurMaykop Republican Urban Okrug
adm_city_jur_ref
adm_ctr_ofMaykop Republican Urban Okrug
adm_ctr_of_ref
capital_ofRepublic of Adygea
inhabloc_catCity
urban_okrug_jurMaykop Urban Okrug
urban_okrug_jur_ref
mun_admctr_ofMaykop Urban Okrug
mun_admctr_of_ref
leader_titleHead
leader_name
representative_bodyCouncil of People's Deputies
area_km258.62
area_km2_ref
pop_2010census144,249
pop_2010census_rank120th
pop_2010census_ref
established_dateMay 1857
current_cat_date1870
postal_codes385000
dialing_codes8772
websitehttps://web.archive.org/web/20020604231940/http://www.admins.maykop.ru/
::

|en_name=Maykop |ru_name=Майкоп |loc_name1=Мыекъуапэ |loc_lang1=Adyghe |loc_name2=Гъакъыва |loc_lang2=Ubykh |image_skyline= {{multiple image | border = infobox | perrow = 1/2/2/2/2 | total_width = 250 | image1 = CLOUDS VIEW (2011-07-22 18-42-09) - panoramio.jpg | image2 = Вокзал Майкопа.JPG | image3 = Mosque Maykop.JPG | image4 = Солодовенный цех пивоваренного завода "Майкопа"2.jpg | footer = From the top to bottom, Skyline of Maykop, Maykop Train Station, Maykop Grand Mosque, Maykop Brewery}} |coordinates = |pushpin_map = Russia Adygea#European Russia#Caucasus mountains#Black Sea#Russia#Europe |image_coa=Coat of arms of Maykop.svg |image_flag=Flag of Maykop.svg |holiday=First Saturday of June |federal_subject=Republic of Adygea |federal_subject_ref= |adm_city_jur=Maykop Republican Urban Okrug |adm_city_jur_ref= |adm_ctr_of=Maykop Republican Urban Okrug |adm_ctr_of_ref= |capital_of=Republic of Adygea |inhabloc_cat=City |urban_okrug_jur=Maykop Urban Okrug |urban_okrug_jur_ref= |mun_admctr_of=Maykop Urban Okrug |mun_admctr_of_ref= |leader_title=Head |leader_name= |representative_body=Council of People's Deputies |area_km2=58.62 |area_km2_ref= |pop_2010census=144,249 |pop_2010census_rank=120th |pop_2010census_ref= |established_date=May 1857 |current_cat_date=1870 |postal_codes=385000 |dialing_codes=8772 |website=https://web.archive.org/web/20020604231940/http://www.admins.maykop.ru/ Maykop () is the capital city of Adygea, Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River. It borders Maykopsky District, from which it is administratively and municipally independent, to the east and south; Giaginsky District to the north, and Belorechensky District of Krasnodar Krai to the west.

Population:

History

The city gave its name to the early Bronze Age Maykop culture after the discovery of a royal burial site there in 1897.

Following the establishment of a military camp in 1825, | last1 = Potto | first1 = Vasiliy Aleksandrovich | author-link1 = Vasily Potto | title = Кавказская война въ отдѣльныхъ очеркахъ, эпизодахъ, легендахъ и біографіяхъ: Томъ 2-й: Ермоловское время | url = https://runivers.ru/lib/book4747/58705/ | language = ru | location = Saint Petersburg | publisher = Е. Евдокимов | date = 1887 | edition = 2 | pages = 527–528 | access-date = 11 September 2019 | quote = 23 июня [1825 года] отряд расположился лагерем на реке Сагауше (Белой), против горы Таглек, там, где теперь стоит город Майкоп… the Imperial Russian Army built a military fort at Maykop in 1857.

In 1910 oil deposits were discovered in the vicinity of Maykop. | editor-last = Garvin | editor-first = James Louis | editor-link = James Louis Garvin | encyclopedia = The Encyclopædia Britannica | title = Petroleum | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=u4YPAQAAIAAJ | access-date = 11 September 2019 | edition = 13 | year = 1926 | publisher = The Encyclopædia Britannica Company, ltd. | volume = 3 | quote = The Maikop field in the province of Kuban on the north flank of the Caucasus, northeast of the Black Sea, was discovered in 1910. The city was the administrative center of the Maykopsky Otdel of the Kuban Oblast.

In 1936, Maykop and the surrounding region merged with Adyghe Autonomous Oblast and became the administrative centre of the autonomy. The Wehrmacht occupied Maykop on 10 August 1942 without a fight as a result of a commando operation by the Brandenburgers during the Battle of the Caucasus. German attempts to re-start oil production in the scorched-earth area proved only minimally successful. On 29 January 1943, the Transcaucasian Front of the Red Army re-took the town.

Since 1991 Maykop has served as the capital of the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation.

Economy

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Солодовенный_цех_пивоваренного_завода_"Майкопа"1.jpg" caption="Brewery (cultural heritage)"] ::

The discovery of extensive underground oil reserves has made Maykop a major centre for oil extraction for the Soviet Union and, subsequently, Russia. Other economically important sectors are food processing and the timber industry.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with eight rural localities, incorporated as Maykop Republican Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. It has the following rural localities under its jurisdiction:

As a municipal division, Maykop Republican Urban Okrug is incorporated as Maykop Urban Okrug.

Ethnic groups

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Майкопская_мечеть.JPG" caption="Grand Mosque of Maykop"] ::

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Свято-Троицкий_кафедральный_собор_(Майкоп).jpg" caption="Holy Trinity Orthodox cathedral"] ::

Ethnic groups in Maykop (2010): ::data[format=table]

EthnicityPopulationPercentage
Russians96 11971,29%
Adyghe26 58418,19%
Armenians4 0853,03%
Ukrainians2 5371,88%
Cherkess1 8121,34%
Tatars8950,66%
Belarusians5300,39%
Chechens4480,33%
Azerbaijanis3390,25%
Caucasus Greeks3120,23%
Kabardians2460,18%
Georgians2410,18%
Germans2350,17%
Romani2010,15%
Ingush1550,11%
Ossetians1520,11%
Abkhaz1360,10%
Uzbeks1020,08%
Others1 7571,30%
::

Ethnic groups in Maykop (2020): ::data[format=table]

EthnicityPopulationPercentage
Russians84 91359,22%
Adyghe20 33914,18%
Cherkess5 7504,01%
Armenians3 2422,26%
Ukrainians9250,65%
Tatars5560,39%
Turkmens4610,32%
Chechens3630,25%
Azerbaijanis3020,21%
Others26 53418,31%
::

Education

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Средняя_школа_№5_(женская_гимназия)_Майкопа_1.jpg" caption="Maykop female grammar school"] ::

Maykop is home to the Adyghe State University and Maykop State Technological University. There are also several facilities of professional education in Maykop. There are many schools. For example, Adyghe Republican Gymnasium which is located near the mosque, the theatre and the park of friendship. It has 11 grades. There are many rules: students must wear a uniform, girls must have pony tails or braids. The school has five buildings. There is a sports hall where students play basketball and volleyball. There is also a football pitch where boys play football. A canteen is a separate building.

Geography

Climate

::figure[src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/ЭП10-001,Майкоп(2).jpg" caption="Maykop Railway station"] ::

Maykop lies within the humid subtropical climate zone (Cfa), according to the Köppen climate classification, or just within the humid continental climate (Dfa) zone according to the 0 C isotherm.

|width = auto |collapsed=yes |location=Maykop (1991-2020) |metric first=yes |single line=yes | Jan mean C =0.5 | Feb mean C =1.5 | Mar mean C =6.1 | Apr mean C =11.7 | May mean C =16.7 | Jun mean C =20.7 | Jul mean C =23.5 | Aug mean C =23.2 | Sep mean C =18.2 | Oct mean C =12.4 | Nov mean C =6.1 | Dec mean C =2 | year mean C = | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation mm =58 | Feb precipitation mm =47 | Mar precipitation mm =62 | Apr precipitation mm =59 | May precipitation mm =87 | Jun precipitation mm =98 | Jul precipitation mm =62 | Aug precipitation mm =64 | Sep precipitation mm =77 | Oct precipitation mm =86 | Nov precipitation mm =71 | Dec precipitation mm =64 | year precipitation mm = | unit precipitation days = 1 mm | precip days colour = | Jan precipitation days =9 | Feb precipitation days =7 | Mar precipitation days =9 | Apr precipitation days =9 | May precipitation days =10 | Jun precipitation days =9 | Jul precipitation days =6 | Aug precipitation days =6 | Sep precipitation days =8 | Oct precipitation days =8 | Nov precipitation days =8 | Dec precipitation days =9 | year precipitation days =

| Jan sun =89 | Feb sun =114 | Mar sun =141 | Apr sun =196 | May sun =244 | Jun sun =273 | Jul sun =312 | Aug sun =292 | Sep sun =222 | Oct sun =167 | Nov sun =119 | Dec sun =85 | year sun = |source=Гидрометцентр России |width = auto |collapsed=yes |location=Maykop |metric first=yes |single line=yes |Jan high C=3.9 |Feb high C=5.8 |Mar high C=11.0 |Apr high C=18.2 |May high C=22.6 |Jun high C=26.2 |Jul high C=28.9 |Aug high C=28.5 |Sep high C=24.3 |Oct high C=17.6 |Nov high C=12.3 |Dec high C=6.9 |year high C = |Jan mean C = -0.5 |Feb mean C = 1.3 |Mar mean C = 5.7 |Apr mean C = 12.6 |May mean C = 16.8 |Jun mean C = 20.3 |Jul mean C = 22.8 |Aug mean C = 22.3 |Sep mean C = 18.1 |Oct mean C = 12.0 |Nov mean C = 7.6 |Dec mean C = 2.8 |year mean C = |Jan low C = -4.9 |Feb low C = −3.3 |Mar low C = 0.4 |Apr low C = 6.9 |May low C = 11.0 |Jun low C = 14.4 |Jul low C = 16.7 |Aug low C = 16.0 |Sep low C = 11.9 |Oct low C = 6.3 |Nov low C = 2.8 |Dec low C = −1.3 |year low C = |precipitation colour=green |Jan precipitation mm = 60 |Feb precipitation mm = 41 |Mar precipitation mm = 51 |Apr precipitation mm = 58 |May precipitation mm = 73 |Jun precipitation mm = 89 |Jul precipitation mm = 70 |Aug precipitation mm = 58 |Sep precipitation mm = 62 |Oct precipitation mm = 66 |Nov precipitation mm = 75 |Dec precipitation mm = 69 |year precipitation mm = 772 |Jan precipitation days = 8 |Feb precipitation days = 7 |Mar precipitation days = 8 |Apr precipitation days = 8 |May precipitation days = 8 |Jun precipitation days = 9 |Jul precipitation days = 7 |Aug precipitation days = 6 |Sep precipitation days = 7 |Oct precipitation days = 7 |Nov precipitation days = 9 |Dec precipitation days = 10 |year precipitation days = | Jan snow cm = 27.0 | Feb snow cm = 11.1 | Mar snow cm = 10.2 | Apr snow cm = 0.9 | May snow cm = 0.0 | Jun snow cm = 0.0 | Jul snow cm = 0.0 | Aug snow cm = 0.0 | Sep snow cm = 0.0 | Oct snow cm = 0.6 | Nov snow cm = 6.7 | Dec snow cm = 15.8 | year snow cm = | Jan humidity =80 | Feb humidity =76 | Mar humidity =71 | Apr humidity =65 | May humidity =69 | Jun humidity =68 | Jul humidity =66 | Aug humidity =66 | Sep humidity =67 | Oct humidity =73 | Nov humidity =75 | Dec humidity =79 | year humidity = | Jan uv =2 | Feb uv =2 | Mar uv =3 | Apr uv =4 | May uv =5 | Jun uv =5 | Jul uv =6 | Aug uv =6 | Sep uv =4 | Oct uv =3 | Nov uv =2 | Dec uv =2 | year uv = |source 1 = worldweather.org |source 2 = Weather2visit(Humidity) World Weather Online(Snowfall-UV 2009-2023) |date=February 2012

February 15, 2010 saw Maykop record the absolute maximum for any winter month in Russia: 23.4 °C.

Military

On the south side of the city, alongside the Belaya River is the military complex housing the 131st Motor Rifle Brigade of the Southern Military District of the Russian Armed Forces which took part in the First Chechen War.

People

Notes

References

Sources

References

  1. [http://www.admins.maykop.ru/www/index.nsf?Open Администрация муниципального образования «Город Майкоп» (официальный сайт).] {{webarchive. link. (September 2, 2013 Общие сведения о Майкопе.)
  2. {{ru-pop-ref. 2010Census
  3. Ivanova, Mariya. (2007). "The Chronology of the "Maikop Culture" in the North Caucasus: Changing Perspectives". Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies.
  4. (30 May 2002). "Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z". ABC-CLIO.
  5. [https://www.soldat.ru/spravka/freedom/1-ssr-4.html Освобождение городов]
  6. Law #171
  7. Law #223
  8. Law #171 stipulates that the borders of the republican urban okrugs are identical to those of the municipal urban okrugs.
  9. (2004). "THE REPUBLIC OF ADIGEY: ISLAM AND SOCIETY AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY". Central Asia and the Caucasus.
  10. [https://23.rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab1_VPN-2020(2).xlsx Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года. Том 5. Национальный состав и владение языками. Таблица 1. Национальный состав населения]
  11. "Climatic Norms". Hydrometeorological Center of Russia.
  12. "worldweather.org".
  13. "Maykop monthly weather averages".
  14. "Maykop Annual Weather Averages Adygeya, RU".

::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page. ::

maykopkuban-oblastpopulated-places-established-in-18571857-establishments-in-the-russian-empirepopulated-places-in-maykop-federal-city