Adama

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City in Oromia Region, Ethiopia

title: "Adama" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["cities-and-towns-in-oromia", "cities-and-towns-in-ethiopia"] description: "City in Oromia Region, Ethiopia" topic_path: "geography" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adama" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::summary City in Oromia Region, Ethiopia ::

::data[format=table title="Infobox settlement"]

FieldValue
official_nameAdama
other_nameNazareth
native_name

| | settlement_type | City | | image_skyline | {{multiple image | | border | infobox | | total_width | 270 | | image_style | border:1; | | perrow | 1/2 | | image1 | AdamaHotels.jpg | | image2 | SaintMaryAdama01.jpg | | image3 | The Oromia Martyrs Monument.jpg | | image4 | Adama City.jpg | | image5 | Adama (3) (cropped).jpg | | image_caption | From top: Addis Ababa-Dire Dawa Road; Saint Mary's Ethiopian Orthodox Church; Oromia Martyrs Monument; Adama City; Addis Ababa–Adama Expressway | | pushpin_map | Ethiopia#Horn of Africa#Africa | | pushpin_map_caption | Location within Ethiopia##Location within the Horn of Africa##Location within Africa | | pushpin_relief | 1 | | subdivision_type | Country | | subdivision_name | Ethiopia | | subdivision_type1 | Region | | subdivision_name1 | Oromia | | subdivision_type2 | Zone | | subdivision_name2 | East Shewa | | leader_title1 | | | established_title2 | | | established_title3 | | | unit_pref | | | area_footnotes | | | area_total_km2 | 29.86 | | area_land_km2 | | | population_as_of | 2007 | | population_footnotes | | | population_total | 220212 | | population_density_km2 | 14500 | | timezone | EAT | | utc_offset | +3 | | coordinates | | | elevation_footnotes | | | elevation_m | 1712 | | postal_code_type | | | area_code | (+251) 22 | | blank_name | Climate | | blank_info | Aw | | population_est | 435222 | | pop_est_as_of | 2021 | | pop_est_footnotes | | ::

| official_name = Adama | other_name = Nazareth | native_name =

| nickname = | settlement_type = City | motto = | image_skyline = {{multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 270 | image_style = border:1; | perrow = 1/2 | image1 =AdamaHotels.jpg | image2 = SaintMaryAdama01.jpg | image3 = The Oromia Martyrs Monument.jpg | image4 = Adama City.jpg | image5 = Adama (3) (cropped).jpg | image_caption = From top: Addis Ababa-Dire Dawa Road; Saint Mary's Ethiopian Orthodox Church; Oromia Martyrs Monument; Adama City; Addis Ababa–Adama Expressway | imagesize = | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | city_logo = | citylogo_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = | pushpin_map = Ethiopia#Horn of Africa#Africa | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Ethiopia##Location within the Horn of Africa##Location within Africa | pushpin_relief = 1 | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Ethiopia | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Oromia | subdivision_type2 = Zone | subdivision_name2 = East Shewa | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | established_title = | established_date = | established_title2 = | established_date2 = | established_title3 = | established_date3 = | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 29.86 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | population_as_of = 2007 | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 220212 | population_density_km2 = 14500 | population_density_sq_mi = | population_metro = | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = | population_blank1 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = | timezone = EAT | utc_offset = +3 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 1712 | elevation_ft = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = (+251) 22 | blank_name = Climate | blank_info = Aw | blank1_name = | blank1_info = | website = | footnotes = | population_est = 435222 | pop_est_as_of = 2021 | pop_est_footnotes = Adama (Oromo: Adaamaa, Amharic: አዳማ), formerly Nazreth (), is one of the cities of Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Located in the East Shewa Zone 99 km southeast of the capital, Addis Ababa, the city sits between the base of an escarpment to the west, and the Great Rift Valley to the east.

Overview

Adama is a busy transportation center. The city is situated along the road that connects Addis Ababa with Dire Dawa. A large number of trucks use this same route to travel to and from the seaports of Djibouti and Asseb (though the latter is not currently used by Ethiopia, following the Eritrean-Ethiopian War). Additionally, the new Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway runs through Adama.

Adama Science and Technology University (ASTU) (formerly Nazareth Technique College) is located in Adama. Adama Stadium is the home of Adama City FC, a member of the Ethiopian Football Federation league.

History

The city name Adama may have been derived from the Oromo word adaamii, which means a cactus or a cactus-like tree.{{cite web |title=Origin and Development of Adama City |url=http://www.adamacity.gov.et/origin.htm |publisher=Adama City Administration |access-date=November 3, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311113824/http://www.adamacity.gov.et/origin.htm |archive-date=March 11, 2012 |url-status=dead |author=Workineh Kelbessa |title=Traditional Oromo Attitudes towards the Environment: An Argument for Environmentally Sound Development |journal=Social Science Research Report Series |issue=19 |year=2001 |page=44 |url=http://www.publications.ossrea.net/images/stories/ossrea/ssrr-19-p-5.pdf |access-date=4 February 2014 |first=Azimitachew |last=Ayele |year=2010 |title=Chromosome Study of Local Farmers' Varieties of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) from Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. |page=1 |url=http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/bitstream/123456789/3228/1/AZIMITACHEW%20%20AYELE%20%20%20BIOLOGY.pdf Following World War II, Emperor Haile Selassie renamed the town after Biblical Nazareth, and this name was used for the remainder of the twentieth century. In 2000, the city officially reverted to its original Oromo name, Adama, though Nazareth is still widely used.

In 2000, the government moved the regional capital of Oromia from Addis Ababa to Adama, sparking considerable controversy. Critics of the move believed that the Ethiopian government wished to deemphasize Addis Ababa's location within Oromia. On the other hand, the government maintained that Addis Ababa "has been found inconvenient from the point of view of developing the language, culture and history of the Oromo people".

On 10 June 2005, the Oromo Peoples' Democratic Organization (OPDO), part of the ruling EPRDF coalition, officially announced plans to move the regional capital back to Addis Ababa.

Demographics

| thumb = right | caption= Ethnic groups of Adama | other = yes | label1 = Oromo | value1 = 39.02 | color1 = Green | label2 = Amhara | value2 = 34.53 | color2 = Yellow | label3 = Gurage | value3 = 11.98 | color3 = Red | label4 = Siltʼe | value4 = 5.02| color4 = Purple Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this city has a total population of 220,212, an increase of 72.25% over the population recorded in the 1994 census, of whom 108,872 are men and 111,340 women. With an area of 29.86 square kilometers, Adama has a population density of 7,374.82; all are urban inhabitants. A total of 60,174 households were counted in this city, which results in an average of 3.66 persons to a household, and 59,431 housing units. The four largest ethnic groups reported in Adama were the Oromo (39.02%), the Amhara (34.53%), the Gurage (11.98%) and the Silte (5.02%); all other ethnic groups made up 9.45% of the population. Amharic was spoken as a first language by 59.25%, 26.25% spoke Oromo and 6.28% spoke Guragiegna; the remaining 8.22% spoke all other primary languages reported. The majority of the inhabitants said they practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, with 63.62% of the population reporting they observed this belief, while 24.7% of the population were Muslim, and 10.57% were Protestant.

The 1994 national census reported this town had a total population of 127,842 of whom 61,965 were males and 65,877 were females.

Transport

Adama is a busy transportation center. The city is situated along the road that connects Addis Ababa with Dire Dawa. A large number of trucks use this same route to travel to and from the seaports of Djibouti and Asseb (though the latter is not currently used by Ethiopia, following the Eritrean-Ethiopian War). Additionally, the new Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway runs through Adama.

Education

The Adama University was founded in 1993.

Places of worship

Among the places of worship, they are predominantly found Christian churches and temples (Oriental Orthodox: Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, Muslim mosques and madresas; Protestant: Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus, Evangelical Christian: Kale Heywet Word of Life Church, Full Gospel Believers Church, Catholic: Ethiopian Catholic Archeparchy of Addis Abeba).

Sport

Adama Stadium is the home of Adama City FC, a member of the Ethiopian Football Federation league.

Climate

Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as tropical wet and dry (Aw).

|metric first=y |single line=y |location = Adama |Jan high C = 27.3 |Feb high C = 28.8 |Mar high C = 29.7 |Apr high C = 29.8 |May high C = 30.8 |Jun high C = 29.9 |Jul high C = 26.3 |Aug high C = 25.8 |Sep high C = 27.2 |Oct high C = 27.8 |Nov high C = 27.3 |Dec high C = 26.7 | year high C = |Jan low C = 12.6 |Feb low C = 14.4 |Mar low C = 15.0 |Apr low C = 15.4 |May low C = 16.2 |Jun low C = 17.2 |Jul low C = 15.7 |Aug low C = 15.7 |Sep low C = 15.1 |Oct low C = 12.8 |Nov low C = 12.2 |Dec low C = 12.0 | year low C = |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 15.4 |Feb precipitation mm = 33.3 |Mar precipitation mm = 56.4 |Apr precipitation mm = 58.1 |May precipitation mm = 62.3 |Jun precipitation mm = 58.6 |Jul precipitation mm = 232.8 |Aug precipitation mm = 227.0 |Sep precipitation mm = 100.8 |Oct precipitation mm = 37.4 |Nov precipitation mm = 10.2 |Dec precipitation mm = 8.0 |year precipitation mm = | Jan humidity = 55 | Feb humidity = 54 | Mar humidity = 51 | Apr humidity = 56 | May humidity = 54 | Jun humidity = 55 | Jul humidity = 70 | Aug humidity = 70 | Sep humidity = 68 | Oct humidity = 56 | Nov humidity = 55 | Dec humidity = 56 | year humidity = |source 1 = Ethiopian Meteorological Institute{{cite web | title = Climate of Major Cities | url = https://www.ethiomet.gov.et/climate-of-major-cities/ | publisher = National Metrology Institute of Ethiopia | access-date = May 9, 2025}} | source 2 = FAO (humidity){{cite web | url = https://www.fao.org/land-water/databases-and-software/climwat-for-cropwat/en/ | title = CLIMWAT climatic database | publisher= Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations | access-date = 23 June 2024}}

Twin towns – sister cities

Adama is twinned with:

References

References

  1. [https://www.citypopulation.de/en/ethiopia/admin/oromia/ET040714__adama/ Adama (Special District, Ethiopia)]
  3. (2021). "Population Projection Towns as of July 2021".
  4. Alain Gascon, "Adaama" in Siegbert Uhlig, ed., ''[[Encyclopaedia Aethiopica]]'', Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2003, p.70.
  5. 2009 CIA map marks Nazrēt (Adama) as an administrative (regional) capital.
  6. (2009). "Eritrea and Ethiopia". [[Central Intelligence Agency]].
  7. (2011). "bing Maps". [[Microsoft]].
  8. Lindahl, Bernhard. (2005). "Dil Amba - Djibiet". The Nordic Africa Institute.
  9. Lindahl, Bernhard. (2005). "Naader - Neguz". [[Nordic Africa Institute]].
  10. (2008). "Aadu - Alyume". [[Nordic Africa Institute]].
  11. (July 13, 2000). "Nazareth Selected as Oromiya's Capital". Walta Information Center.
  12. Hameso, Seyoum and Tilahun Ayanou Nebo. (2000). "Ethiopia: A New Start?". The Sidama Concern.
  13. Mosisa, Abraham T.. (January 13, 2004). "Letter to U.N. Secretary-General". Oromo Studies Association.
  14. (2005-06-11). "Chief Administrator of Oromia says decision to move capital city based on study". Walta Information Center.
  15. Central Statistical Agency. 2010. Population and Housing Census 2007 Report, National. [ONLINE] Available at: http://catalog.ihsn.org/index.php/catalog/3583/download/50086. [Accessed 10 January 2017].
  16. J. Gordon Melton, Martin Baumann, ''Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices'', ABC-CLIO, USA, 2010, p. 1004-1007
  17. (20 January 2019). "Our Sister Cities". Aurora Sister Cities International.
  18. "Uzaklar Yakinlaşti - Sivas Twin Towns".

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