1120

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title: "1120" type: doc version: 1 created: 2026-02-28 author: "Wikipedia contributors" status: active scope: public tags: ["1120"] topic_path: "general/1120" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1120" license: "CC BY-SA 4.0" wikipedia_page_id: 0 wikipedia_revision_id: 0

::callout[type=note] 1120 ::

[[File:Jurchen-characters-from-Yanzhou-shanren-sibu-gao.png|thumb|[[Jurchen script|Jurchen]] translation of the Chinese couplet, Ming wang shen de, si yi xian bin ("明王慎德.四夷咸宾": "When a wise king is heedful of virtue, foreigners from all quarters come as guests")]]Year 1120 (MCXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

Siege of Sozopolis: Byzantine forces under Emperor John II Komnenos conquer Sozopolis in Pisidia, from the Sultanate of Rum. The Seljuk garrison is defeated while they are trapped between the Byzantine cavalry and the army (which is besieging the fortress).

Levant

January 16 – Council of Nablus: King Baldwin II of Jerusalem and Patriarch Warmund convenes an assembly at Nablus, establishing the earliest surviving written laws of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. The prelates and noblemen who attend the meeting confirm the clergy's right to collect the tithe and to bear arms "in the cause of defense".
Baldwin II grants the Knights Templar under Hugues de Payens and Godfrey de Saint-Omer a headquarters in a wing of the royal palace on the Temple Mount in the captured Al-Aqsa Mosque in the Old City of Jerusalem.
Summer – Baldwin II leads an expedition to Antioch to defend the northern Crusader states. He signs a 1-year truce with Ilghazi, Artuqid ruler of Mardin, securing the possession of Kafartab and other fortresses in Syria.

Europe

June 17 – Reconquista: Battle of Cutanda: The combined forces of Aragon and Navarre under King Alfonso the Battler crush the Almoravid army near Calamocha. Alfonso recaptures the fortified towns of Calatayud and Daroca.
The Almoravid fleet under Admirals Abu Abd Allah ibn Maymum of Almería and Isa ibn Maymum of Sevilla attacks the coastline of the Christian Kingdom of Galicia.
Freiburg is founded by Conrad I and his elder brother, Duke Berthold III of Zähringen, as a free market town.

England

King Henry I gives a portion of the Stoneleigh estate (located in Warwickshire) to Geoffrey de Clinton, his chamberlain and treasurer. He builds a motte and bailey castle and forms a lake to provide better defences.
November 25 – The White Ship sinks in the English Channel off Barfleur. Henry I's only legitimate son, William Adelin, is among 300 (many of them Anglo-Norman nobility) who drown.
The Pseudo-Ingulf's Croyland Chronicle records Cornwall as a nation distinct from England.

Asia

Fang La, a Chinese rebel leader, leads an uprising against the Song dynasty in Qixian Village (modern-day Zhejiang) in southeast China. He raises an army and captures Hangzhou.
August–September (the eighth month of the Chinese calendar) – Wanyan Xiyin, a Jurchen nobleman and minister, completes the design of the first version of the Jurchen script.
The flourishing south Chinese coastal city of Quanzhou claims a population of 500,000 citizens, including the hinterland.

By topic

Religion

Order of Premonstratensians founded by Norbert of Xanten at Prémontré in Picardy.
Bishop Urban begins the construction on Llandaff Cathedral in Wales.

Science

Walcher of Malvern, an English astronomer and mathematician, creates a system of measurement for the Earth using degrees, minutes and seconds of latitude and longitude.

Births

Alfonso of Capua, Italo-Norman nobleman (d. 1144)
Arnold I of Vaucourt, archbishop of Trier (d. 1183)
Frederick II of Berg, archbishop of Cologne (d. 1158)
Fujiwara no Yorinaga, Japanese statesman (d. 1156)
Gonçalo Mendes de Sousa, Portuguese nobleman (d. 1190)
Gunhilda of Dunbar, Scottish Noblewoman (d. 1166)
Ioveta of Bethany, princess and daughter of Baldwin II
Jaksa Gryfita, Polish nobleman and knight (d. 1176)
Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon, Arab-Jewish translator
Louis VII (le Jeune), king of France (d. 1180)
Philip of Milly, French nobleman and knight (d. 1171)
Rainald of Dassel, archbishop of Cologne (d. 1167)
Roger de Mowbray, English nobleman (d. 1188)
Urban III, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1187)
William I ("the Wicked"), king of Sicily (d. 1166)
Zhao Boju, Chinese landscape painter (d. 1182)

Deaths

September 3 – Blessed Gerard, founder of the Knights Hospitaller
September 24 – Welf II ("the Fat"), duke of Bavaria (b. 1072)
November 25
- Matilda FitzRoy, countess and daughter of Henry I
- Ralph of Pont-Echanfray, Norman knight (b. 1070)
- Richard d'Avranches, 2nd Earl of Chester (b. 1094)
- William Adelin, duke and son of Henry I (b. 1103)
Adelaide, countess of Vermandois and Valois (or 1124)
Afridun I (the Martyr), ruler (shah) of Shirvan (b. 1046)
Eudo Dapifer (or FitzHerbert), Norman nobleman
Fujiwara no Atsutaka, Japanese nobleman and poet
Fujiwara no Sadazane, Japanese calligrapher (b. 1076)
Ingegerd, queen of Denmark and Sweden (b. 1046)
Raymond Pilet d'Alès, French nobleman (b. 1075)

References

Harry J. Magoulias (1984). ''O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniates'', p. 9. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. {{ISBN. 978-0-8143-1764-8.
Malcolm Barber (2012). ''The Crusader States'', p. 131. Yale University Press. {{ISBN. 978-0-300-11312-9.
Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', p. 128. {{ISBN. 978-0-241-29876-3.
Meynier, Gilbert. (2010). "L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique: De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518)". La Découverte.
Picard, C.. (March 2016). "La mer et les musulmans d'Occident au Moyen Age". Presses Universitaires de France}}{{Page needed.
John S. Brown (2000). ''Colombia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture'', p. 32. {{ISBN. 0-231-11004-9.

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