State Correctional Institution – Graterford

History

The facility, built in 1929, was Pennsylvania's largest maximum-security prison, holding about 3,500 prisoners. It replaced functions at Eastern State Penitentiary in Philadelphia, which had previously experienced some disturbances.

The Graterford grounds include an extensive prison farm on 1730 acre; the 62 acre prison compound itself lies within 30 ft high walls surmounted by nine staffed towers. An $80 million construction program completed in 1989 added a new administration building, a 28-bed infirmary, and 372 additional cells.

As recently as 1978 the prison held only about 1,600 prisoners in 2,000 available cells distributed among five major cellblocks of 400 cells each. The five major cellblocks were supplemented by about 40 cells in a security unit known as BAU (Behavior Adjustment Unit) or RHU (Restricted Housing Unit); this unit included a special death row section (though executions were never carried out at this prison). The original 1929 plan for the facility included eight major cellblocks of 400 cells each, or 3,200 individual cells. An engraving of this plan is found on a brass plaque just inside the facility's double-gated airlock-type main entrance.

Conditions in the prison were unsanitary, and prisoners faced racism and mistreatment from the guards. On 4 November 1981, a group of inmates attempted to escape Graterford with firearms they had smuggled into the facility. When they were unable to escape, they took 29 inmates and six prison employees hostage for five days. The situation was defused by Chuck Stone of the Philadelphia Daily News, who secured the surrender of the rebel inmates in his role as an outside negotiator.

The prison's two Restricted Housing Units (RHU) housed over 300 prisoners — about 10 percent of the total prison population — who were allowed one hour a day for exercise, remaining confined to their cells the other 23, where they received three meals a day and were permitted shower visits. The prisoners in RHU were allowed only one visitor per month. SCI-Graterford had a 22-bed Mental Health Unit contracted to MHM Services to facilitate a mental health program.

SCI-Graterford Industries provided work and economic activity within the prison, including a garment factory, undergarment factory, shoe factory, weave plant, hosiery factory, carton factory, and a mail distribution center. Prison factories and industries employed 21 civilian staff, 315 inmate staff, and in 20032004 generated revenues of $4,450,940.01. The prison also conducted farming operations and educational programs.

In 2012, seven activists from the organization Decarcerate PA were arrested for blocking the entrance of the Graterford construction site.

In the final period of operations, Cynthia Link, the superintendent of Graterford and the prospective superintendent of Graterford's replacement facility, SCI Phoenix, resigned and retired. Laurel Harry, previously the superintendent of SCI Camp Hill, became the interim superintendent.

SCI Phoenix opened in July 2018. The state began moving Graterford prisoners there on July 11, 2018, and Graterford ended operations on July 15, 2018. All Graterford employees became Phoenix employees. The population of Graterford was reduced so the transfer of inmates to Phoenix would not involve as many people.

Programs

Graterford had a music program for inmates, Songs in the Key of Free, run by volunteers and established in October 2016. A previous musical program ended around 2006. The program ended on May 21, 2018 as a result of Graterford's closure. The stress-reduction and therapy programs from Rutgers University professor Nancy Wolff were also terminated as part of the move.

Notable inmates

• Ira Einhorn, environmental activist and convicted murderer; after extradition from France in 2001, spent his first month at Graterford before transfer to SCI Houtzdale.
• George Feigley, sex cult leader; incarcerated at Graterford from 1979 to 1981, then transferred to Western Penitentiary after plans to escape by helicopter were discovered.
• David Luis Gonzalez, artist and activist, subject of the Pultizer Prize winning podcast Suave
• Bernard Hopkins, spent several years at Graterford before beginning his boxing career.
• Meek Mill, Philadelphia rapper, incarcerated at Graterford from 2017 to 2018.
• Pep, Labrador Retriever that belonged to governor Gifford Pinchot

References

References

1. "2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Skippack township, PA". [[U.S. Census Bureau]].
2. "[http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/hide_graterford/11366 SCI Graterford]." [[Pennsylvania Department of Corrections]]. Retrieved on May 29, 2010.
3. "[http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/hide_graterford/11366/driving_directions/564230 Graterford Prison Driving Directions]." ''[[Pennsylvania Department of Corrections]]''. Retrieved on January 9, 2013.
4. (18 April 2016). "Pennsylvania's new prison is as big as the Comcast Center". [[Philadelphia Inquirer]].
5. Murphy, Jan. "[http://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index.ssf/2015/01/pennsylvanias_death_penalty_qa.html Q&A on the death penalty in Pa.: How does someone get put to death, more ]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160223102933/http://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index.ssf/2015/01/pennsylvanias_death_penalty_qa.html Archive]). [[Pennlive.com]]. January 5, 2015. Retrieved on February 1, 2016.
6. "Graterford · Genealogy of SCI Phoenix · Omeka - Digital History at Ursinus".
7. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20180324042618/https://www.cor.pa.gov/Facilities/StatePrisons/Pages/Graterford.aspx SCI Graterford]." [[Pennsylvania Department of Corrections]]. March 24, 2018. Retrieved on September 27, 2018.
8. Wolfman-Arent, Avi. (2021-11-09). "40 years ago, a legendary Philly columnist helped defuse a prison hostage situation".
9. Robbins, William. (1981-11-04). "GUARDS 'SHAKE DOWN' GRATERFORD PRISON FOR ARMS". The New York Times.
10. "Decarcerate PA".
11. Melamed, Samantha. (2018-05-17). "Pennsylvania's newest, most expensive prison is finally ready - and inmates are dreading it". [[Philadelphia Inquirer]].
12. Melamed, Samantha. "Was Graterford inmate on suicide watch when he took his life? Superintendent is out, but answers scarce". [[Philadelphia Inquirer]].
13. Pradelli, Chad. (2018-09-25). "Bill Cosby heads to prison at SCI Phoenix". [[WPVI-TV]].
14. "[https://www.cor.pa.gov/Facilities/StatePrisons/Pages/MOVE---Graterford-to-Phoenix-2018.aspx Moving from Graterford to Phoenix]." [[Pennsylvania Department of Corrections]]. Retrieved on September 26, 2018.
15. Moselle, Aaron. (2018-05-21). "As Graterford inmates move to new prison, prospect of sharing cells worries some". [[WHYY-FM.
16. DiStefano, Joseph. (2018-07-19). "Phoenix prison is finished, but not full, or fully paid for". [[Philadelphia Inquirer]].
17. Melamed, Samantha. (2017-05-24). "After a decade without music, Pa. prison inmates play again. The result is remarkable". [[Philadelphia Inquirer]].
18. (2010-07-23). "The Old Prisoner's Music /81211/".
19. (6 Aug 1983). "Cast of figures in sewer escape cult".
20. (2017-11-06). "Rapper Meek Mill Received At Graterford Correctional Facility".