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Sa'dabad Complex

Historic palace complex in Tehran, Iran

Field	Value
name	Sa'dabad Complex
native_name	Majmue Saadābād
image	Mellat Palace Museum 02.jpg
image_caption	The White Palace
map_type	Iran Tehran
map_caption	Location in Tehran
coordinates
location_town	Tehran
location_country	Iran
address	Darband, Zafaraniyeh, Tajrish, Valiasr Street
current_tenants	President of Iran
architect	Hossein Behzad
construction_start_date	1921
style	Neoclassical

The Sa'dabad Complex () is an 80 hectare complex built by the Qajar and Pahlavi monarchs, located in Shemiran, Greater Tehran, Iran. Today, the official residence of the President of Iran is located adjacent to the complex.

The complex includes natural forest, streets, qanats, galleries, mansions/palaces, and museums.

History

The complex was initially built and inhabited in the 19th century by the Qajar shahs. After extensive expansions, Reza Shah of the Pahlavi dynasty resided there from the 1920s until his exile in 1941. His son, Mohammad Reza Shah, moved there in the 1970s. In 1978, President Jimmy Carter stayed in the palace during a visit to Iran to guarantee U.S. support for the regime. After the 1979 Revolution, the complex became a public museum.

Present use

Large parts of the complex are museums, which are accessible to visitors. Other parts are currently used by the Office of the President of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The complex is operated by the Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran.

Sites

Gates to the complex

Nezamie Gate, from which Reza Shah would enter the complex.
Zaferanie Gate, Currently used by the presidency organization.
Gate of Darband Street, from which Mohammad Reza Shah would enter the complex.
Gate of Darband Square
Ja'far Abad Gate (1st)
Ja'far Abad Gate (2nd)
River Gate
The White House Gate

Main buildings

Ahmad Shah Qajar Palace ::(not to be confused with the Pavilion of Ahmad Shah Qajar in the Niavaran Complex)
The Green Palace ::(also known as the Shahvand House)
The White Palace ::The White Palace Museum, former official residence of Shah Mohammad Reza Shah and Shahbanu Farah.
Museum of Natural History

::The Special Palace, currently used by the presidency organization.

Museum of Fine Arts

::The Black Palace

Museum of Anthropology

::Princess Shams' Palace, named after Shams Pahlavi.

Museum of Glassware and Handicrafts

::Princess Ashraf's Palace, named after Ashraf Pahlavi.

Building of the Amendment 36 (a governmental agency)

::Prince Gholam Reza's Palace, named after Gholam Reza Pahlavi.

Palace of the King's Mother

- *Prince Ahmad Reza's Palace*, named after Ahmad Reza Pahlavi. ::Currently used by the presidency organization. - Administration of the complex ::*Prince Abdol Reza's Palace*, named after Abdul Reza Pahlavi. - The Training Center ::*Prince Bahman's Palace*, named after Gholam Reza Pahlavi's son. - The Military Museum ::*Prince Shahram's Palace*, named after Ashraf Pahlavi's son. - Museum of Artistic Creatures ::*Palace of Farideh Ghotbi*, mother of Shahbanu Farah. - The Behzad Museum ::*1st Palace of Reza Pahlavi*, named after Crown Prince Reza Pahlavi. - Museum of Treasure (The Dafine Museum) ::*2nd Palace of Reza Pahlavi*, currently used by the presidency organization. - Museum of Mir Emad Calligraphy ::*Palace of Princess Farahnaz and Prince Ali Reza*, named after Farahnaz Pahlavi and Ali Reza Pahlavi. - The Abkar Museum ::*Princess Leila's Palace*, named after Leila Pahlavi. - Omidvar Brothers Museum ::Qajar era building keeping the historical artifacts of the Omidvar Brothers, the first Iranian world travelers. ## Palace of the Shah's Mother During the Pahlavi era, Reza Shah's lived here during the final years of his reign before his exile to Mauritius. It was also the residence of Tadj ol-Molouk, Mohammad Reza Shah's mother, until the 1979 Revolution. This palace is currently in the possession of the Presidential Institution of Iran and is reserved for special guests of the Government of Iran; and for this reason it is also famous as "The Republic Building". This palace is also currently inaccessible to the public. ## The Green Palace The Green Museum Palace has been called "the most beautiful palace in Iran". This palace is important due to its historical and architectural importance. It dates back to the Qajar era and has two styles of Iranian architecture. They called this palace "The Stone Palace" during the reign of Reza Shah and "The Shahvand palace" during the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah; later, it was called "The Green Palace" because of its green façade. ## The White Palace The Palace of the Nation Museum with an area of 7,000 square meters is the largest palace in Sa'dabad complex. Until after the 1979 revolution and the transfer of the complex to the Cultural Heritage Organization, it was renamed "The Palace of the Nation Museum" (Mellat museum in Persian). The construction of the Palace, began in the late Pahlavi era. ## Gallery File:Sa'dabad Palace Darafshs (1).jpg|Statue of the Shah's Legs File:Kakh-e-sabz.JPG|The Green Palace File:White palace.JPG|The White Palace File:کاخ موزه سعدآباد۵.jpg|Princess Shams' Palace File:کاخ موزه سعدآباد۷.jpg|Prince Bahman's Palace File:View of the saadabad palace.JPG|Side view of the Green Palace File:Hall Mirror - Shahvand Castle 1.jpg|Ayeneh-kari in the Mirror Hall of the Green Palace File:Sa'dabad Palace Darafsh (172).jpg|Section of the Royal Cars File:کاخ موزه سعدآباد۴.jpg|Museum of the Royal Clothes File:Sa'dabad Palace Darafsh (181).jpg|Section of Reza Shah's clothes File:Sadabad Complex entrance.jpg|Sa'adabad Gate File:20191106134346_IMG_1620.jpg|Personal desk ## References ## References 1. Collins, N.W.. (2021). "Grey wars : a contemporary history of U.S. special operations". 2. ["The Omidvar Brothers: Pioneers of Iranian World Exploration"](https://surfiran.com/mag/the-omidvar-brothers-an-iranian-travel-story/). 3. (18 May 2022). ["Sa'dabad Complex {{!}} A Tehran's most beautiful historical attraction!"](https://irpersiatour.com/blog/sadabad-complex-a-tehrans-most-beautiful-historical-attraction/). 4. (18 May 2022). ["Sa'dabad Complex {{!}} A Tehran's most beautiful historical attraction!"](https://irpersiatour.com/blog/sadabad-complex-a-tehrans-most-beautiful-historical-attraction/). ::callout[type=info title="Wikipedia Source"] This article was imported from [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa'dabad_Complex) and is available under the [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the [article history page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa'dabad_Complex?action=history). ::

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