Permanent Peoples' Tribunal

History

The Permanent Peoples' Tribunal (PPT) began in Bologna in 1979, continuing the work of the Russell Tribunal II on Latin American dictatorships. It was founded by Lelio Basso to denounce the crimes committed by military regimes in the region. The PPT aims to encourage action in judicial courts based on intergovernmental treaties, such as the International Criminal Court and the International Court of Justice.

The PPT's work is based on the principles of the Universal Declaration of the Rights of Peoples, proclaimed in Algiers in 1976, and on the main international instruments protecting human rights. The historical and geographical context of the Declaration, known as the Charter of Algiers, links its general principles with liberation struggles, which Resolution 1514 (XV) of the United Nations General Assembly of December 14, 1960 had already placed under the protection of international law, as the right to self-determination remained unfulfilled, and it was not related to the process of decolonization.

Structure

The court is composed of a president, four vice-presidents, a secretary general, a coordination officer, and 58 members from 26 countries, from different disciplines such as law, economy, sociology, arts, and literature.

Sessions

As of 2016, the Tribunal has held 46 sessions on numerous cases of human rights violations. The judgments of the Tribunale Permanente dei Popoli (TPP) rely on sources of existing international law.

List of sessions

1. Western Sahara (Brussels, 10–11 November 1979)
2. Argentina (Genève, 3–4 May 1980)
3. Eritrea (Milano, 24–26 May 1980)
4. The Philippines and the Bangsamoro people (Anvers, 30 October – 3 November 1980)
5. El Salvador (Mexico, 9–12 February 1981)
6. Afghanistan I (Stockholm, 1–3 May 1981)
7. Afghanistan Il (Paris, 16–20 December 1982)
8. Timor Orientale (Lisbon, 19–21 July 1981)
9. Zaire (Rotterdam, 18–20 September 1982)
10. Guatemala (Madrid, 27–31 January 1983)
11. Armenian Genocide (Paris, 13–16 April 1984)
12. The interventions of the United States in Nicaragua (Brussels, 5–8 October 1984)
13. The policies of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank I (Berlin, 26–29 September 1988)
14. The policies of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank II (Madrid, 1–3 October 1994)
15. Puerto Rico (Barcelona, 27–29 January 1989)
16. Brazilian Amazon (Paris, 12–16 October 1990)
17. Impunity for crimes against humanity in Latin America (Bogotá, 22–25 April 1991)
18. The conquest of and international law (Padua-Venice, 5–8 October 1992)
19. Tibet (Strasburg, 16–20 November 1992)
20. Industrial risks and human rights I (Bhopal, 19–23 October 1992)
21. Industrial risks and human rights II (London, 28 November – 2 December 1994)
22. Asylum right in Europe (Berlin, 8–12 December 1994)
23. Crimes against humanity in the former Yugoslavia I (Bern, 17–20 February 1995)
24. Crimes against humanity in the former Yugoslavia II (Barcelona, 7–11 December 1995)
25. Violations of the fundamental rights of children and minors (Trento, 27–29 March; Macerata, 30 March; Napoli 1–4 April 1995)
26. Chernobyl: environment, health and human rights (Vienna, 12–15 April 1996)
27. The rights of workers and consumers in the garment industry (Brussels, 30 April-5 May 1998)
28. Violations of the fundamental rights of children and adolescents in Brazil (São Paulo, 17–19 March 1999)
29. Elf-Aquitaine (Paris, 19–21 May 1999)
30. Global multinationals and "human distorted" (Warwick, 22–23 March 2000)
31. International Law and the new wars (Roma, 14–16 December 2002)
32. Human rights violations in Algeria, 1992–2004 (Paris, 5–8 November 2004)
33. The European Union and transnational corporations in Latin America: policies, instruments and actors complicity in the violation of peoples' rights (Madrid, 14–17 May 2010)
34. The Philippines II (The Hague, 21–25 March 2007)
35. Transnational corporations and the rights of peoples in Colombia (Colombia, 2006–2008)
36. Sri Lanka and the Tamil People I (Dublin, 14–16 January 2010)
37. Session on agrochemical transnational corporations (Bangalore, 3–6 December 2011)
38. Free trade, violence, impunity and people's rights in Mexico (Mexico, 2011–2014)
39. Sri Lanka and the Tamil People II (Bremen, 7–10 December 2013)
40. Session on the Canadian mining transnational corporations (on-going)
41. Fundamental rights, local community participation and infrastructure projects (Torino-Almese, 5–8 November 2015)
42. Living wage for Asian garment workers as fundamental human right (Sri Lanka 2011; Cambodia 2012; India 2012; Indonesia 2014; Sri Lanka 2015)
43. Myanmar's crimes against the Rohingya and Kachin Peoples I (London, 2017)
44. Permanent Peoples Tribunal on Human Rights of Migrant and Refugee Peoples (Launched Barcelona 2017, on-going Session)
45. Session on the violation of human rights of migrants and refugee people (2017–2018)
46. Session on Alleged violations of international law and international humanitarian law by the Turkish Republic and its officials against the Kurdish people and their organizations (Paris 2018)

References

References

1. "Introduction - Fondazione Basso – Sezione Internazionale". Internazionaleleliobasso.it.
2. "Permanent Peoples' Tribunal - Official Website".
3. "Fondazione Basso - Italy".
4. see Daniele Archibugi and Alice Pease, [http://politybooks.com/bookdetail/?isbn=9781509512614 ''Crime and Global Justice: The Dynamics of International Punishment''], Polity, 2018.
5. (1976-07-04). "Universal Declaration of the Rights of Peoples". www.algerie-tpp.org/.
6. "Algiers Charter".
7. "Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples".
8. "Composizione del Tribunale Permanente dei Popoli".
9. "Composition of the Court".
10. Permanent Peoples' Tribunal. "Sessions and Jurisprudence PPT".
11. ([http://permanentpeoplestribunal.org/ www.tribunalepermanentedeipopoli.fondazionebasso.it])
12. (November 10, 1979). "01. Western Sahara (Brussels, 10-11 November 1979)".
13. (May 4, 1980). "02. Argentina (Genève, 3-4 May 1980)".
14. (May 26, 1980). "03. Eritrea (Milan, 24-26 May 1980)".
15. (October 30, 1980). "04. The Philippines and Bangsa Moro people (Anversa, 30 October-3 November 1980)".
16. (February 12, 1981). "05. El Salvador (Mexico City, 9-12 February 1981)".
17. (May 3, 1981). "06 Afghanistan I (Stockholm, 1-3 May 1981)".
18. (December 20, 1982). "09. Afghanistan II (Paris, 16-20 December 1982)".
19. (July 21, 1981). "07. Timor East (Lisbon, 19-21 June 1981)".
20. (September 20, 1982). "08. Zaire (Rotterdam, 18-20 September 1982)".
21. (January 31, 1983). "10. Guatemala (Madrid, 27-31 January 1983)".
22. (April 16, 1984). "11. Armenian Genocide (Paris, 13-16 April 1984)".
23. (October 8, 1984). "12. The interventions of the United States in Nicaragua (Brussels, 5-8 October 1984)".
24. (September 29, 1988). "13. The policies of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank II (West Berlin, 26-29 September 1988)".
25. (January 29, 1989). "14. Puerto Rico (Barcelona, 27-29 January 1989)".
26. (October 16, 1990). "15. Brazilian Amazon (Paris, 12- 16 October 1990)".
27. (April 25, 1991). "16. The Impunity for crimes against humanity in Latin America (Bogotà, 22-25 April 1991)".
28. (October 8, 1992). "17. The conquest of Latin America and the International Law (Padua-Venice, 5-8 October 1992)".
29. (November 20, 1992). "19. Tibet (Strasburg, 16-20 November 1992)".
30. (October 23, 1992). "18. Industrial hazards and human rights, Bhopal I (Bhopal, 19-23 October 1992)".
31. (December 2, 1994). "21. Industrial hazards and human rights, Bhopal II (London, 28 November - 2 December 1994)".
32. (December 12, 1994). "22. Right of asylum in Europe (Berlin, 8-12 December 1994)".
33. (February 20, 1995). "23. Crimes against humanity in the former Yugoslavia I (Bern, 17-20 February 1995)".
34. (11 December 1995). "25. Crimes against humanity in the former Yugoslavia II (Barcelona, 7-11 December 1995) - Fondazionebasso".
35. (April 4, 1995). "24. Violations of the fundamental rights of children and minors (Trento, 27-29 March; Macerata, 30 March; Napoles, 1-4 April 1995)".
36. (April 15, 1996). "26. Chernobyl: environment, health and human rights (Vienna, 12-15 April 1996)".
37. (May 5, 1998). "27. The rights of workers and consumers in the garment industry (Brussels, 30 April-5 May 1998)".
38. (May 21, 1999). "29. Elf Aquitaine (Paris, 19-21 May 1999)".
39. (March 23, 2000). "30. Multinationals and "Human Wrongs" (Warwick, 22-23 March 2000)".
40. (December 16, 2002). "31. International Law and new wars (Rome, 14-16 December 2002)".
41. (November 5, 2004). "32. Human Rights violations in Algeria, 1992-2004 (Parigi, 5-8 novembre 2004)".
42. (March 25, 2007). "35. The Philippines, Second Session (The Hague, 21-25 March 2007)".
43. (January 1, 2006). "33. Transnational corporations and pooples' rights in Colombia (Colombia, 2006-2008)".
44. (January 16, 2010). "36. Sri Lanka and Tamil people I Session (Dublin, 14-16 January 2010)".
45. (December 6, 2011). "37. Session on Agrochemical transnational corporations (Bengaluru, 3-6 December 2011)".
46. (December 15, 2011). "38. Free trade, violence, impunity and peoples' rights in Mexico (Mexico, 2011-2014)".
47. (7 December 2013). "39. Sri Lanka and Tamil people, Second Session (Bremen, 7-10 December 2013) - Fondazionebasso".
48. (May 30, 2014). "40. Canadian mining enterprises (2014-2016)".
49. (November 8, 2015). "41. Fundamental rights, local community participation and megaprojects. From the Lyon-Turin high-speed rail to the global reality (Turin-Almese, 5-8 November 2015)".
50. (December 1, 2015). "42. Living wage for garment workers in Asia (Asia, 2009-2015)".
51. "People's Tribunal on Myanmar".
52. "Home".
53. (January 31, 2018). "45. Session on the violation of human rights of migrants and refugee people (2017-2019)".
54. (June 4, 2018). "46. Session on Alleged violations of international law and international humanitarian law by the Turkish Republic and its officials against the Kurdish people and their organizations (Paris, 15-16 March 2018)".