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List of spacewalks and moonwalks 1965–1999
None
None
This list contains all spacewalks and moonwalks performed from 1965 to 1999 where an astronaut has fully or partially left a spacecraft. Entries for moonwalks are shown with a gray background while entries for all other EVAs are uncolored.
All spacewalks have had the astronauts tethered to their spacecraft except for seven spacewalks by the United States (six in 1984 using the Manned Maneuvering Unit, and one in 1994 testing the SAFER rescue device). All moonwalks were performed with astronauts untethered, and some of the astronauts traveled far enough to lose visual contact with their craft (they were up to 7.6 km away from it using the Lunar Roving Vehicle). One lunar EVA was not a moonwalk, but rather a stand-up EVA partially out the top hatch of the LM, where it was thought that the extra height would help with surveying the area prior to conducting the moonwalks. Only three deep-space EVAs have ever been conducted, where the activity was neither on the lunar surface nor in low Earth orbit, but far away from both the Moon and the Earth.
1965–1969 spacewalks and moonwalks
Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Voskhod 2 | USSR Alexei Leonov | 18 March 1965 | ||
| 08:34:51 | 18 March 1965 | ||||
| 08:47:00 | 0 h 12 min | ||||
| Leonov conducted the first EVA in history. Leonov had difficulty fitting back into the spacecraft due to spacesuit stiffness in vacuum, and vented air from his spacesuit in order to bend back into the capsule. | |||||
| 2. | Gemini 4 | USA Ed White | |||
| USA James A. McDivitt (did not exit) | 3 June 1965 | ||||
| 19:46:00 | 3 June 1965 | ||||
| 20:06:00 | 0 h 20 min | ||||
| White conducted the second EVA in history and the first American EVA. White also had difficulty returning to the Gemini spacecraft. Although he was very fit and athletic, the effort left him exhausted. While McDivitt did not exit, he was exposed to the vacuum of space in the spacecraft. White spent 20 minutes outside the capsule, the capsule's hatch was open for 36 minutes and the capsule was depressurized for 46 minutes. | |||||
| 3. | Gemini 9A | USA Eugene Cernan | |||
| USA Thomas P. Stafford (did not exit) | 5 June 1966 | ||||
| 15:02:00 | 5 June 1966 | ||||
| 17:09:00 | 2 h 7 min | ||||
| A complex work EVA was planned for Cernan, which involved him moving to the rear of the Gemini spacecraft and donning the Astronaut propulsion unit, developed by the U.S. Air Force. Cernan expended four to five times the expected effort, raising his pulse as high as 180 beats per minute. Excess heat and respiration completely fogged Cernan's visor, and the EVA was cut short. Cernan also had difficulty returning to the spacecraft and closing the hatch. |
|- EVA 1 | USA Michael Collins USA John Young (did not exit) | 19 July 1966 21:44:00 | 19 July 1966 22:33:00
| 0 h 49 min |
|---|
| - |
| EVA 2 |
| USA Michael Collins |
| USA John Young (did not exit) |
| 20 July 1966 |
| 23:01:00 |
| 20 July 1966 |
| 23:40:00 |
| 0 h 39 min |
| - |
| - |
| EVA 1 |
| USA Richard Gordon |
| USA Pete Conrad (did not exit) |
| 13 September 1966 |
| 14:44:00 |
| 13 September 1966 |
| 15:17:00 |
| 0 h 33 min |
| - |
| - |
| EVA 2 |
| USA Richard Gordon |
| USA Pete Conrad (did not exit) |
| 14 September 1966 |
| 12:49:00 |
| 14 September 1966 |
| 14:57:00 |
| 2 h 08 min |
| - |
| - |
| EVA 1 |
| USA Buzz Aldrin |
| USA Jim Lovell (did not exit) |
| 12 November 1966 |
| 16:15:00 |
| 12 November 1966 |
| 18:44:00 |
| 2 h 29 min |
| - |
| - |
| EVA 2 |
| USA Buzz Aldrin |
| USA Jim Lovell (did not exit) |
| 13 November 1966 |
| 15:34:00 |
| 13 November 1966 |
| 17:40:00 |
| 2 h 06 min |
| - |
| - |
| EVA 3 |
| USA Buzz Aldrin |
| USA Jim Lovell (did not exit) |
| 14 November 1966 |
| 14:52:00 |
| 14 November 1966 |
| 15:47:00 |
| 0 h 55 min |
| - |
| - |
| - |
| USSR Yevgeny Khrunov |
| USSR Aleksei Yeliseyev |
| 16 January 1969 |
| 12:43:00 |
| 16 January 1969 |
| 13:15:00 |
| 0 h 32 min |
| - |
| - |
| USA Rusty Schweickart |
| USA David Scott (stand up only) |
| USA James McDivitt (did not exit) |
| 6 March 1969 |
| 16:45:00 |
| 6 March 1969 |
| 18:02:00 |
| 1 h 17 min |
| - |
| - style="background:silver;" |
| only moonwalk |
| USA Neil Armstrong |
| USA Buzz Aldrin |
| 21 July 1969 |
| 02:39:33 |
| 21 July 1969 |
| 05:11:13 |
| 2 h 31 min 40 s |
| - style="background:silver;" |
| - style="background:silver;" |
| first moonwalk |
| USA Pete Conrad |
| USA Alan Bean |
| 19 November 1969 |
| 11:32:35 |
| 19 November 1969 |
| 15:28:38 |
| 3 h 56 min 03 s |
| - style="background:silver;" |
| - style="background:silver;" |
| second moonwalk |
| USA Pete Conrad |
| USA Alan Bean |
| 20 November 1969 |
| 03:54:45 |
| 20 November 1969 |
| 07:44:00 |
| 3 h 49 min 15 s |
| - style="background:silver;" |
| } |
1970–1979 spacewalks and moonwalks
Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16. | Apollo 14 | ||||||||||||
| first moonwalk | USA Alan Shepard | ||||||||||||
| USA Edgar Mitchell | 5 February 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 14:42:13 | 5 February 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 19:30:03 | 4 h 47 min 50 s | ||||||||||||
| Shepard and Mitchell deployed the modular equipment stowage assembly, grabbed a contingency sample, and successfully set up the color TV camera. They erected an American flag and the solar wind foil. They then deployed the ALSEP and proceeded to collect core samples and several large Moon rocks. | |||||||||||||
| 17. | Apollo 14 | ||||||||||||
| second moonwalk | USA Alan Shepard | ||||||||||||
| USA Edgar Mitchell | 6 February 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 08:11:15 | 6 February 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 12:45:56 | 4 h 34 min 41 s | ||||||||||||
| Shepard and Mitchell trekked 1300 meters (almost a mile) up the side of Cone crater, collecting rock samples, taking photographs and deploying a portable magnetometer. Although they came close, the team did not find the rim of the crater due to the difficulty of navigating the stark lunarscape. Before re-entering the Apollo Lunar Module, Shepard used a modified sample tool to hit a couple of golf balls. | |||||||||||||
| 18. | Apollo 15 | ||||||||||||
| moon survey EVA | USA David Scott (stand up only) | ||||||||||||
| USA James Irwin (did not exit) | 31 July 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 00:16:49 | 31 July 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 00:49:56 | 33 min 07 s | ||||||||||||
| Scott stood in the top hatch of the lunar module, visually surveying and photographing the landing site. He identified future EVA destinations and confirmed suitability for Lunar Roving Vehicle access. | |||||||||||||
| 19. | Apollo 15 | ||||||||||||
| first moonwalk | USA David Scott | ||||||||||||
| USA James Irwin | 31 July 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 13:12:17 | 31 July 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 19:45:59 | 6 h 32 min 42 s | ||||||||||||
| Scott and Irwin were the first team to ride the Lunar Roving Vehicle on the Moon. After securing the contingency sample, they drove the Rover (equipped with a TV camera beaming video back to Houston) to Elbow Crater and then to St. George Crater, collecting rock samples and taking photographs on the 5.6 mi trip. On return to the lunar module, the moonwalkers deployed the ALSEP. | |||||||||||||
| 20. | Apollo 15 | ||||||||||||
| second moonwalk | USA David Scott | ||||||||||||
| USA James Irwin | 1 August 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 11:48:48 | 1 August 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 19:01:02 | 7 h 12 min 14 s | ||||||||||||
| Scott and Irwin traveled a southbound loop of 6.8 mi in the Lunar Rover, collecting rock and soil samples, photographs, and a core sample. They stopped at the Apennine front, Spur Crater, and Dune Crater. At the Spur Crater rim Scott and Irwin spotted and collected a white rock later estimated to be 4.5 billion years old. Almost as old as the Moon itself, sample 15415 has become known as Genesis Rock, the oldest rock recovered during the Apollo missions. After returning to the lunar module, they completed work around the ALSEP before re-entering the LM. | |||||||||||||
| 21. | Apollo 15 | ||||||||||||
| third moonwalk | USA David Scott | ||||||||||||
| USA James Irwin | 2 August 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 08:52:14 | 2 August 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 13:42:04 | 4 h 49 min 50 s | ||||||||||||
| The spacewalkers' last Lunar Rover ride traveled 2.8 mi westward toward Hadley Rille. Sample collections and photographs were taken at Scarp Crater, Rim Crater, and The Terrace on the rim of the Hadley Rille. Returning to the lunar module, Scott and Irwin collected the long core sample from the area of the ALSEP. | |||||||||||||
| 22. | Apollo 15 | ||||||||||||
| trans-earth EVA | USA Alfred Worden | ||||||||||||
| USA James Irwin (stand up only) | |||||||||||||
| USA David Scott (did not exit) | 5 August 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 15:31:12 | 5 August 1971 | ||||||||||||
| 16:10:19 | 39 min 07 s | ||||||||||||
| First deep space EVA. Worden made three trips to the scientific instrument module (SIM) on the service module to recover the film cassettes from the panoramic and mapping cameras and to examine the SIM for anomalies. Irwin stood in the hatch to assist and photograph the spacewalk. | |||||||||||||
| 23. | Apollo 16 | ||||||||||||
| first moonwalk | USA John Young | ||||||||||||
| USA Charles Duke | 21 April 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 16:47:28 | 21 April 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 23:58:40 | 7 h 11 min 02 s | ||||||||||||
| Young and Duke deployed the ALSEP. Then the moonwalkers boarded the Lunar Roving Vehicle and traveled to Flag, Spook, and Buster Craters to collect rock and soil samples and to take photographs. At Buster Crater the lunar portable magnetometer was deployed.{{cite web | url= http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a16/A16_MissionReport.pdf | access-date=6 February 2009 | last=Morris | first=Owen G. | year=1972 | publisher=NASA | pages=9–20, 9–23}} | ||||||
| 24. | Apollo 16 | ||||||||||||
| second moonwalk | USA John Young | ||||||||||||
| USA Charles Duke | 22 April 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 16:33:35 | 22 April 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 23:56:44 | 7 h 23 min 09 s | ||||||||||||
| Astronauts Young and Duke traveled to the slopes of Stone Mountain, stopping at nine sites to collect samples, take photographs, and deploy a lunar portable magnetometer. The round trip on the Lunar Roving Vehicle totaled 7.2 mi. | |||||||||||||
| 25. | Apollo 16 | ||||||||||||
| third moonwalk | USA John Young | ||||||||||||
| USA Charles Duke | 23 April 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 15:25:28 | 23 April 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 21:05:31 | 5 h 40 min 03 s | ||||||||||||
| Young and Duke climbed back onto the Lunar Roving Vehicle and traveled to Palmetto and End Crater, finally reaching the rim of North Ray Crater. At the North Ray rim, they left to the LM and walked to the largest boulder (dubbed *House Rock*) sampled by the Apollo missions. Young and Duke set the lunar land speed record of 10.5 mph during the third EVA. | |||||||||||||
| 26. | Apollo 16 | ||||||||||||
| trans-earth EVA | USA Thomas Mattingly | ||||||||||||
| USA Charles Duke (stand up only) | |||||||||||||
| USA John Young (did not exit) | 25 April 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 20:33:46 | 25 April 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 21:57:28 | 1 h 23 min 42 s | ||||||||||||
| Command Module Pilot Mattingly retrieved the panoramic and mapping camera film cassettes from the SIM bay. Lunar Module Pilot Duke stood in the hatch to support Mattingly and to operate the microbial ecology evaluation device. | |||||||||||||
| 27. | Apollo 17 | ||||||||||||
| first moonwalk | USA Eugene Cernan | ||||||||||||
| USA Harrison Schmitt | 11 December 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 23:54:49 | 12 December 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 07:06:42 | 7 h 11 min 53 s | ||||||||||||
| Cernan and Schmitt deployed the ALSEP. Due to time restraints, their first trip on the Lunar Rover had to be shortened to a single stop near Emory Crater. This first EVA trip looped 2.2 mi to collect about 31 lb of geological samples. | |||||||||||||
| 28. | Apollo 17 | ||||||||||||
| second moonwalk | USA Eugene Cernan | ||||||||||||
| USA Harrison Schmitt | 12 December 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 23:28:06 | 13 December 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 07:05:02 | 7 h 36 min 56 s | ||||||||||||
| Cernan and Schmitt rode almost 5 mi in the Lunar Roving Vehicle toward the South Massif, stopping at Hole-in-the-Wall and Ballet Crater to collect samples. At Shorty Crater, Schmitt discovered orange-colored soil.{{cite web | url= http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a17/a17.summary.html | title= The End of the Beginning | access-date=7 February 2009 | last=Jones | first=Eric M. | author2=Glover, Ken | year=2006 | work=Apollo Lunar Surface Journal | publisher=NASA}} | ||||
| 29. | Apollo 17 | ||||||||||||
| third moonwalk | USA Eugene Cernan | ||||||||||||
| USA Harrison Schmitt | 13 December 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 22:25:48 | 14 December 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 05:40:56 | 7 h 15 min 08 s | ||||||||||||
| On their last moonwalk, Cernan and Schmitt drove the Lunar Rover toward the North Massif. They explored a large split boulder called Tracy's Rock, (named for Cernan's daughter) taking samples, making photographs, and providing oral descriptions of the area. The moonwalkers also visited the Sculptured Hills and Van Serg Crater as they finished their 7.5 mi final ride. Cernan is the last person to date to walk on the lunar surface. | |||||||||||||
| 30. | Apollo 17 | ||||||||||||
| trans-earth EVA | USA Ronald Evans | ||||||||||||
| USA Harrison Schmitt (stand up only) | |||||||||||||
| USA Eugene Cernan (did not exit) | 17 December 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 20:27:40 | 17 December 1972 | ||||||||||||
| 21:33:24 | 1 h 05 min 44 s | ||||||||||||
| Last deep space EVA in history. No problems were encountered as Evans recovered the panoramic and mapping film cassettes and the lunar sounder tape from the SIM bay on the service module, and handed them to Schmitt in the command module hatch. | |||||||||||||
| 31. | Skylab 2 | ||||||||||||
| EVA 1 | USA Paul J. Weitz (stand up only) | ||||||||||||
| USA Joseph Kerwin (did not exit) | |||||||||||||
| USA Pete Conrad (did not exit) | 26 May 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 00:40 | 26 May 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 01:20 | 40 min | ||||||||||||
| Using a 10 ft long tool, Pilot Weitz stood in the open side hatch of the command module (as Science Pilot Joseph Kerwin held onto his legs) and tried to remove a strap preventing the release of a solar array wing on Skylab. | |||||||||||||
| 32. | Skylab 2 | ||||||||||||
| EVA 2 | USA Pete Conrad | ||||||||||||
| USA Joseph Kerwin | 7 June 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 15:15 | 7 June 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 18:40 | 3 h 25 min | ||||||||||||
| Conrad and Kerwin used long-handled cable cutters to remove debris that prevented the remaining solar array wing from deploying (the other was sheared off from the station during its launch). They then forced the solar wing to deploy, providing Skylab with the electrical power needed to operate. | |||||||||||||
| 33. | Skylab 2 | ||||||||||||
| EVA 3 | USA Pete Conrad | ||||||||||||
| USA Paul Weitz | 19 June 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 10:55 | 19 June 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 12:31 | 1 h 36 min | ||||||||||||
| Conrad and Weitz ventured outside the station to replace exposed film cassettes in the Apollo Telescope Mount with fresh film. Conrad also fixed an electrical relay by whacking it with a hammer. | |||||||||||||
| 34. | Skylab 3 | ||||||||||||
| EVA 1 | USA Owen Garriott | ||||||||||||
| USA Jack Lousma | 6 August 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 17:30 | 7 August 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 00:01 | 6 h 31 min | ||||||||||||
| Garriot and Lousma erected a twin-pole solar shield to improve temperature control in Skylab. They also replaced film cassettes in the Apollo Telescope Mount solar observatory and installed micrometeoroid detection panels. | |||||||||||||
| 35. | Skylab 3 | ||||||||||||
| EVA 2 | USA Owen Garriott | ||||||||||||
| USA Jack Lousma | 24 August 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 16:24 | 24 August 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 20:55 | 4 h 31 min | ||||||||||||
| Garriott and Lousma disconnected external cabling, installed a new gyroscope selection box, and reconnected the cabling to the box. They also replaced the film in the solar observatory. | |||||||||||||
| 36. | Skylab 3 | ||||||||||||
| EVA 3 | USA Owen Garriott | ||||||||||||
| USA Alan Bean | 22 September 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 11:18 | 22 September 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 13:59 | 2 h 41 min | ||||||||||||
| Garriott and Bean replaced the film in the solar observatory. They also collected the Thermal Coatings Experiment Panel for return to Earth. | |||||||||||||
| 37. | Skylab 4 | ||||||||||||
| EVA 1 | USA Edward Gibson | ||||||||||||
| USA William Pogue | 22 November 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 17:42 | 23 November 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 00:15 | 6 h 33 min | ||||||||||||
| Gibson and Pogue spent 6½ hours on their first EVA replacing the film on the solar observatory and repairing the antenna for the Earth Resources Experiment Package. | |||||||||||||
| 38. | Skylab 4 | ||||||||||||
| EVA 2 | USA Gerald Carr | ||||||||||||
| USA William Pogue | 25 December 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 16:00 | 25 December 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 23:01 | 7 h 01 min | ||||||||||||
| Carr and Pogue used the extreme ultraviolet electronographic camera and the coronagraph contamination camera to photograph Comet Kohoutek. They also replaced the film in the solar observatory. | |||||||||||||
| 39. | Skylab 4 | ||||||||||||
| EVA 3 | USA Gerald Carr | ||||||||||||
| USA Edward Gibson | 29 December 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 17:00 | 29 December 1973 | ||||||||||||
| 20:29 | 3 h 29 min | ||||||||||||
| Carr and Gibson photographed Comet Kohoutek as it appeared from behind the Sun. They also recovered the Thermal Control Coatings Experiment panel. | |||||||||||||
| 40. | Skylab 4 | ||||||||||||
| EVA 4 | USA Gerald Carr | ||||||||||||
| USA Edward Gibson | 3 February 1974 | ||||||||||||
| 15:19 | 3 February 1974 | ||||||||||||
| 20:38 | 5 h 19 min | ||||||||||||
| Carr and Gibson retrieved film from the solar observatory for the last time. They also photographed Kohoutek using the electronographic camera. | |||||||||||||
| 41. | Salyut 6 | ||||||||||||
| PE-1 | USSR Yuri Romanenko (stand up only) | ||||||||||||
| USSR Georgi Grechko | 19 December 1977 | ||||||||||||
| 21:36 | 19 December 1977 | ||||||||||||
| 23:04 | 1 h 28 min | ||||||||||||
| The EVA by Romanenko and Grechko was the first Soviet EVA in over eight years and the first use of the Orlan-D spacesuit. Grechko inspected the front docking port for damage from the failed Soyuz 25 docking and found no damage. Romanenko, assisting Grechko from the hatch, pushed away from the station without a secure line, and was rescued by Grechko. | |||||||||||||
| 42. | Salyut 6 | ||||||||||||
| PE-2 | USSR Vladimir Kovalyonok (stand up only) | ||||||||||||
| USSR Aleksandr Ivanchenkov | 29 July 1978 | ||||||||||||
| 04:00 | 29 July 1978 | ||||||||||||
| 06:20 | 2 h 05 min | ||||||||||||
| Ivanchenkov retrieved samples and experiments attached to the outside of Salyut 6. Kovalyonok assisted with the retrievals and used a color television camera to transmit EVA images to TsUP. | |||||||||||||
| 43. | Salyut 6 | ||||||||||||
| PE-3 | USSR Valery Ryumin | ||||||||||||
| USSR Vladimir Lyakhov | 15 August 1979 | ||||||||||||
| 14:16 | 15 August 1979 | ||||||||||||
| 15:39 | 1 h 23 min | ||||||||||||
| Ryumin and Lyakhov removed the KRT-10 antenna that had failed to separate from Salyut 6 and had obstructed the station's aft docking port target. After disposing of the antenna, Ryumin collected samples of damaged insulation and a retrieved a micrometeoroid detector. |
1980–1984 spacewalks
Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 44. | Salyut 7 – PE-1 | USSR Anatoli Berezovoy (stand up only) | |||||||||
| USSR Valentin Lebedev | July 30, 1982 | ||||||||||
| 02:39 | July 30, 1982 | ||||||||||
| 05:12 | 2 h 33 min | ||||||||||
| Performing the first EVA from Salyut 7, Lebedev anchored himself with a foot restraint, while Berezovoy assisted from the hatch. After collecting and placing samples on the exterior surface of the spacecraft, Lebedev tested methods for assembly and disassembly work in space, including the Istok panel experiment of turning bolts with a special wrench. | |||||||||||
| 45. | STS-6 – EVA 1 | USA Story Musgrave | |||||||||
| USA Donald Peterson | April 7, 1983 | ||||||||||
| 21:05 | April 8, 1983 | ||||||||||
| 01:15 | 4 h 10 min | ||||||||||
| Musgrave and Peterson conducted the first spacewalk from a Space Shuttle. They spent their time testing their spacesuits and tools for future space construction.{{cite web | url=http://www.thespacerace.com/forum/index.php?topic=1102.0 | title=Mission: STS 6 | access-date=15 February 2009 | last=Ottawan | year=2005 | work=The Space Race | publisher=TheSpaceRace.com}} | ||||
| 46. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||
| PE-2 – EVA 1 | USSR Vladimir Lyakhov | ||||||||||
| USSR Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov | November 1, 1983 | ||||||||||
| 04:47 | November 1, 1983 | ||||||||||
| 07:36 | 2 h 50 min | ||||||||||
| Lyakhov and Aleksandrov added a new solar panel to Salyut 7, using techniques tested in an earlier EVA by Lebedev. | |||||||||||
| 47. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||
| PE-2 – EVA 2 | USSR Vladimir Lyakhov | ||||||||||
| USSR Aleksandr Aleksandrov | 3 November 1983 | ||||||||||
| 03:47 | 3 November 1983 | ||||||||||
| 06:42 | 2 h 55 min | ||||||||||
| Lyakhov and Aleksandrov added a second solar panel, raising the electrical output of Salyut 7 by 50%. | |||||||||||
| 48. | STS-41-B | ||||||||||
| EVA 1 | USA Bruce McCandless II | ||||||||||
| USA Robert Stewart | February 7, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 12:10 | February 7, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 18:05 | 5 h 55 min | ||||||||||
| McCandless and Stewart rode on the Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU) during the first untethered EVAs in history. Both astronauts practiced using tools and procedures for the planned capture and repair of the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) satellite to be performed in a subsequent flight. | |||||||||||
| 49. | STS-41-B | ||||||||||
| EVA 2 | USA Bruce McCandless | ||||||||||
| USA Robert Stewart | 9 February 1984 | ||||||||||
| 10:24 | 9 February 1984 | ||||||||||
| 16:41 | 6 h 17 min | ||||||||||
| McCandless and Stewart continued testing the MMUs. They also continued practice with tools and procedures to be used with recovery and repair of the SMM satellite. | |||||||||||
| 50. | STS-41-C | ||||||||||
| EVA 1 | USA George Nelson | ||||||||||
| USA James van Hoften | April 8, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 14:18 | April 8, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 16:56 | 2 h 38 min | ||||||||||
| Nelson rode the MMU to the SMM satellite. Van Hoften stood by in the payload bay to provide any needed assistance. After three unsuccessful attempts to capture the SMM with the Trunnion Pin Acquisition Device (TPAD) tool and one attempt to grab the satellite by hand, the spacewalkers returned to *Challenger*. The SMM was recovered the next day with the RMS. | |||||||||||
| 51. | STS-41-C | ||||||||||
| EVA 2 | USA George Nelson | ||||||||||
| USA James van Hoften | 11 April 1984 | ||||||||||
| 08:58 | 11 April 1984 | ||||||||||
| 15:42 | 6 h 44 min | ||||||||||
| Nelson and Van Hoften completed repair of the SMM satellite and then continued testing of the MMU. | |||||||||||
| 52. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||
| PE-3 – EVA 1 | USSR Leonid Kizim | ||||||||||
| USSR Vladimir Solovyov | April 23, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 04:31 | April 23, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 08:46 | 4 h 20 min | ||||||||||
| Kizim and Solovyov conducted the first of five EVAs to repair the ruptured main oxidizer line on Salyut 7. They installed a new ladder to reach the damaged line. | |||||||||||
| 53. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||
| PE-3 – EVA 2 | USSR Leonid Kizim | ||||||||||
| USSR Vladimir Solovyov | April 26, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 02:40 | April 26, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 07:40 | 4 h 56 min | ||||||||||
| During the second of five EVAs to repair the ruptured oxidizer pipe, Kizim and Solovyov removed insulation and installed a valve in the spare line. | |||||||||||
| 54. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||
| PE-3 – EVA 3 | USSR Leonid Kizim | ||||||||||
| USSR Vladimir Solovyov | 29 April 1984 | ||||||||||
| 01:35 | 29 April 1984 | ||||||||||
| 04:20 | 2 h 45 min | ||||||||||
| For the third of five EVAs to repair the damaged oxidizer line, Kizim and Solovyov installed a bypass line around the damaged section. | |||||||||||
| 55. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||
| PE-3 – EVA 4 | USSR Leonid Kizim | ||||||||||
| USSR Vladimir Solovyov | May 3, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 23:15 | May 4, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 02:00 | 2 h 45 min | ||||||||||
| Kizim and Solovyov completed the fourth of the five oxidizer line repair EVAs by installing a second bypass line and replacing the thermal insulation. | |||||||||||
| 56. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||
| PE-3 – EVA 5 | USSR Leonid Kizim | ||||||||||
| USSR Vladimir Solovyov | May 18, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 17:52 | May 18, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 20:57 | 3 h 05 min | ||||||||||
| Overcoming a broken winch handle, Kizim and Solovyov added another set of two solar arrays to Salyut 7. | |||||||||||
| 57. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||
| VE-4 – EVA 1 | USSR Svetlana Savitskaya | ||||||||||
| USSR Vladimir Dzhanibekov | July 25, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 14:55 | July 25, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 18:29 | 3 h 35 min | ||||||||||
| Savitskaya and Dzhanibekov tested the URI multi-purpose tool with several metal samples. Savitskaya became the first woman in history to perform an EVA. | |||||||||||
| 58. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||
| PE-3 – EVA 6 | USSR Leonid Kizim | ||||||||||
| USSR Vladimir Solovyov | August 8, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 08:46 | August 8, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 13:46 | 5 h 00 min | ||||||||||
| Kizim and Solovyov completed the last of five EVAs to repair the ruptured oxidizer line. They used a pneumatic press tool carried up by Soyuz T-12 to crimp the ends of the ruptured pipe. | |||||||||||
| 59. | STS-41-G | ||||||||||
| EVA 1 | USA David Leestma | ||||||||||
| USA Kathryn D. Sullivan | October 11, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 15:38 | October 11, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 19:05 | 3 h 29 min | ||||||||||
| Leestma and Sullivan demonstrated the use of the Orbital Refueling System, including the installation of an ORS valve maintenance kit. Sullivan became the first American woman to perform a spacewalk. | |||||||||||
| 60. | STS-51-A | ||||||||||
| EVA 1 | USA Joseph P. Allen | ||||||||||
| USA Dale Gardner | November 12, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 13:25 | November 12, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 19:25 | 6 h 00 min | ||||||||||
| Allen rode the MMU to the Palapa B-2 satellite, and retrieved it into the payload bay of *Discovery*. Gardner and Allen secured the satellite in the payload bay for return to Earth. | |||||||||||
| 61. | STS-51-A | ||||||||||
| EVA 2 | USA Joseph Allen | ||||||||||
| USA Dale Gardner | November 14, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 11:09 | November 14, 1984 | ||||||||||
| 16:51 | 5 h 42 min | ||||||||||
| In a procedure similar to the first EVA of STS-51-A, Gardner rode the MMU to the Westar VI satellite, and retrieved it into the payload bay. Allen and Gardner then secured the satellite in the payload bay for return to Earth. |
1985–1989 spacewalks
Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 62. | STS-51-D | ||||||||||||
| EVA 1 | USA Jeffrey Hoffman | ||||||||||||
| USA S. David Griggs | 16 April 1985 | 16 April 1985 | 3 h 06 min | ||||||||||
| Griggs and Hoffman installed an improvised switch-pulling tool, called the "flyswatter", on *Discovery*'s RMS robotic arm. The "flyswatter" was used in an effort to push the sequencer start lever on the Syncom IV-3 satellite in the proper position for deployment. This attempted repair was the first unplanned spacewalk in NASA history. | |||||||||||||
| 63. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||||
| PE-4 – EVA 1 | USSR Vladimir Dzhanibekov | ||||||||||||
| USSR Viktor Savinykh | August 2, 1985 | ||||||||||||
| 07:15 | August 2, 1985 | ||||||||||||
| 12:15 | 5 h 00 min | ||||||||||||
| Dzhanibekov and Savinykh, radio call name Pamir, installed the third pair of solar arrays on the Salyut 7 | |||||||||||||
| 64. | STS-51-I | ||||||||||||
| EVA 1 | USA William Fisher | ||||||||||||
| USA James van Hoften | August 31, 1985 | August 31, 1985 | 7 h 20 min | ||||||||||
| Van Hoften rode the RMS to capture the Syncom IV-3 satellite and pulled it into *Discovery*'s payload bay. Fisher and Van Hoften then secured and started repairs on the satellite in the payload bay. The retrieval was complicated by a malfunction of the RMS that made hindered its operation. | |||||||||||||
| 65. | STS-51-I | ||||||||||||
| EVA 2 | USA William Fisher | ||||||||||||
| USA James van Hoften | September 1, 1985 | September 1, 1985 | 4 h 26 min | ||||||||||
| Fisher and Van Hoften completed repairs on the Syncom IV-3 satellite. Then Van Hoften, riding the RMS, heaved the satellite out of the payload bay, imparting the spin needed for the satellite to fire its perigee motor. | |||||||||||||
| 66. | STS-61-B | ||||||||||||
| EVA 1 | USA Jerry L. Ross | ||||||||||||
| USA Sherwood Spring | November 29, 1985 | November 29, 1985 | 5 h 32 min | ||||||||||
| Ross and Spring practiced construction techniques in the payload bay of *Atlantis*. They assembled and disassembled the two experimental EASE/ACCESS structures.{{cite web | url=https://history.nasa.gov/monograph41.pdf | title=Human Spaceflight | access-date=February 23, 2009 | first=Judith | author2=Gamble, Chris | author3=Okolski, Gabriel | year=2007 | publisher=NASA History Division | page=45}} | ||||
| 67. | STS-61-B | ||||||||||||
| EVA 2 | USA Jerry L. Ross | ||||||||||||
| USA Sherwood Spring | December 1, 1985 | December 1, 1985 | 6 h 41 min | ||||||||||
| Ross and Spring conducted supplementary experiments on the EASE and ACCESS structures, including a test of the RMS to aid in the construction experiments. | |||||||||||||
| 68. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||||
| PE-6 – EVA 1 | USSR Leonid Kizim | ||||||||||||
| USSR Vladimir Solovyov | 28 May 1986 | ||||||||||||
| 05:43 | 28 May 1986 | ||||||||||||
| 09:33 | 3 h 50 min | ||||||||||||
| Kizim and Solovyov retrieved test panels from the outside of Salyut 7 and assembled a test "girder-constructor" apparatus in preparation for work on Mir. | |||||||||||||
| 69. | Salyut 7 | ||||||||||||
| PE-6 – EVA 2 | USSR Leonid Kizim | ||||||||||||
| USSR Vladimir Solovyov | May 31, 1986 | ||||||||||||
| 04:57 | May 31, 1986 | ||||||||||||
| 09:57 | 5 h 00 min | ||||||||||||
| Kizim and Solovyov conducted additional tests on the experimental construction equipment, including the welding of several girder joints. | |||||||||||||
| 70. | Mir PE-2 – EVA 1 | USSR Yuri Romanenko | |||||||||||
| USSR Aleksandr Laveykin | 11 April 1987 | ||||||||||||
| 19:41 | 11 April 1987 | ||||||||||||
| 23:21 | 3 h 40 min | ||||||||||||
| Romanenko and Laveykin made an unplanned spacewalk to examine the Kvant docking port, because it had failed to make a hard dock with Mir. They were able to remove debris lodged in the docking mechanism, allowing for a complete dock. | |||||||||||||
| 71. | Mir PE-2 – EVA 2 | USSR Yuri Romanenko | |||||||||||
| USSR Aleksandr Laveykin | June 12, 1987 | ||||||||||||
| 16:55 | June 12, 1987 | ||||||||||||
| 18:48 | 1 h 53 min | ||||||||||||
| Romanenko and Laveykin expanded the electrical capacity of the Mir space station. They installed the first half of the solar array brought to orbit in Kvant. | |||||||||||||
| 72. | Mir PE-2 – EVA 3 | USSR Yuri Romanenko | |||||||||||
| USSR Aleksandr Laveykin | June 16, 1987 | ||||||||||||
| 15:30 | June 16, 1987 | ||||||||||||
| 18:45 | 3 h 15 min | ||||||||||||
| Romanenko and Laveykin completed the expansion of electrical capacity on the Mir by installing the second half of the solar array carried to orbit in Kvant. | |||||||||||||
| 73. | Mir PE-3 – EVA 1 | USSR Vladimir G. Titov | |||||||||||
| USSR Musa Manarov | February 26, 1988 | ||||||||||||
| 09:00 | February 26, 1988 | ||||||||||||
| 13:55 | 4 h 25 min | ||||||||||||
| Titov and Manarov replaced part of the array installed the previous year by Romanenko and Laveykin. They also found time to clear the portholes, which had become covered with dust. p. | |||||||||||||
| 74. | Mir PE-3 – EVA 2 | USSR Vladimir G. Titov | |||||||||||
| USSR Musa Manarov | June 30, 1988 | ||||||||||||
| 05:33 | June 30, 1988 | ||||||||||||
| 10:43 | 5 h 10 min | ||||||||||||
| Titov and Manarov attempted to replace Kvant's X-ray telescope during a spacewalk that was not planned or rehearsed before launch. They trained by watching a videotape and talking to cosmonauts who had practiced the repair in a pool. The repair ended prematurely when a special wrench broke. | |||||||||||||
| 75. | Mir PE-3 – EVA 3 | USSR Vladimir G. Titov | |||||||||||
| USSR Musa Manarov | 20 October 1988 | ||||||||||||
| 05:59 | 20 October 1988 | ||||||||||||
| 10:11 | 4 h 12 min | ||||||||||||
| Using new tools delivered to orbit on Progress 38, Titov and Manarov completed the replacement of Kvant's X-ray telescope. | |||||||||||||
| 76. | Mir PE-4 – EVA 1 | USSR Alexander A. Volkov | |||||||||||
| France Jean-Loup Chrétien | 9 December 1988 | ||||||||||||
| 09:57 | 9 December 1988 | ||||||||||||
| 15:57 | 6 h 00 min | ||||||||||||
| The first EVA by a French citizen commenced when Volkov and Chrétien ventured outside Mir to install hardware and experiments. The Soviet-French spacewalking team installed handrails, installed and wired the Enchantillons rack, and installed the ERA experimental package. At first, the ERA package failed to unfold when commanded from inside Mir. A swift kick from Volkov was needed for it to properly unfold. |
1990–1994 spacewalks
Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
1990 spacewalks
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 77. | Mir PE-5 – EVA 1 | USSR Alexander Viktorenko | |||
| USSR Aleksandr Serebrov | 8 January 1990 | ||||
| 20:23 | 8 January 1990 | ||||
| 23:19 | 2 h 56 min | ||||
| Viktorenko and Serebrov installed new star tracker sensors brought up in the Kvant-2 module onto Kvant. | |||||
| 78. | Mir PE-5 – EVA 2 | USSR Alexander Viktorenko | |||
| USSR Aleksandr Serebrov | January 11, 1990 | ||||
| 18:01 | January 11, 1990 | ||||
| 20:55 | 2 h 54 min | ||||
| Viktorenko and Serebrov closed out experimental racks, either retrieving for return to Earth, or discarding into space. They also modified the docking node for the arrival of the Kristall module. | |||||
| 79. | Mir PE-5 – EVA 3 | USSR Alexander Viktorenko | |||
| USSR Aleksandr Serebrov | January 26, 1990 | ||||
| 12:09 | January 26, 1990 | ||||
| 15:11 | 3 h 02 min | ||||
| Viktorenko and Serebrov tested the new Orlan-DMA spacesuit. This spacewalk team was the first use of the EVA airlock hatch on the Kvant-2 module. During the spacewalk a mooring post was attached outside the airlock, and a Kurs antenna was removed to enable future EVAs. | |||||
| 80. | Mir PE-5 – EVA 4 | USSR Alexander Viktorenko | |||
| USSR Aleksandr Serebrov | February 1, 1990 | ||||
| 08:15 | February 1, 1990 | ||||
| 13:14 | 4 h 59 min | ||||
| Viktorenko and Serebrov tested the SPK "flying armchair", analogous to NASA's MMU. The SPK did not fly free, but remained tethered to Kvant-2 during the tests. | |||||
| 81. | Mir PE-5 – EVA 5 | USSR Alexander Viktorenko | |||
| USSR Aleksandr Serebrov | February 5, 1990 | ||||
| 06:08 | February 5, 1990 | ||||
| 09:53 | 3 h 45 min | ||||
| Viktorenko and Serebrov conducted more tests of the SPK. Viktorenko reached as far as 45 m from Mir. | |||||
| 82. | Mir PE-6 – EVA 1 | USSR Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| USSR Aleksandr Balandin | July 17, 1990 | ||||
| 13:06 | July 17, 1990 | ||||
| 20:22 | 7 h 00 min | ||||
| At the start of their EVA to repair torn insulation on Soyuz TM-9, Solovyev and Balandin damaged the hatch on Kvant-2 by opening it before the airlock was completely depressurized. The spacewalking team repaired the insulation on Soyuz, but time constraints required returning to Kvant-2 before they collected their tools and ladders. Unable to securely close the damaged hatch, they used the center section of Kvant-2 as a back-up airlock. | |||||
| 83. | Mir PE-6 – EVA 2 | USSR Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| USSR Aleksandr Balandin | July 26, 1990 | ||||
| 11:15 | July 26, 1990 | ||||
| 14:46 | 3 h 31 min | ||||
| Solovyev and Balandin left Mir through the damaged Kvant-2 hatch. They transmitted images of the damaged hatch to TsUP. They also recovered the ladders and tools left outside earlier. After removing debris lodged in the hinge of the airlock hatch, it was able to close and seal for repressurization. | |||||
| 84. | Mir PE-7 – EVA 1 | USSR Gennadi Manakov | |||
| USSR Gennady Strekalov | 29 October 1990 | ||||
| 21:45 | October 30, 1990 | ||||
| 00:30 | 2 h 45 min | ||||
| Manakov and Strekalov exited Mir through the damaged Kvant-2 airlock hatch. After removing insulation around the hatch, they found the hatch to be more heavily damaged than previously understood. Although unable to completely repair the hatch, they added hardware to the hatch and returned to Mir. |
1991 spacewalks
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 85. | Mir PE-8 – EVA 1 | USSR Viktor M. Afanasyev | ||||||
| USSR Musa Manarov | January 7, 1991 | |||||||
| 17:03 | January 7, 1991 | |||||||
| 22:21 | 5 h 18 min | |||||||
| Afanasyev and Manarov successfully repaired the damaged hatch on the Kvant-2 airlock. The spacewalk team also positioned equipment for installation in a later EVA. | ||||||||
| 86. | Mir PE-8 – EVA 2 | USSR Viktor M. Afanasyev | ||||||
| USSR Musa Manarov | January 23, 1991 | |||||||
| 10:59 | January 23, 1991 | |||||||
| 16:32 | 5 h 33 min | |||||||
| Afanasyev and Manarov exited Mir through the newly repaired hatch on Kvant-2. They then installed the new Stela boom on the base block. | ||||||||
| 87. | Mir PE-8 – EVA 3 | USSR Viktor M. Afanasyev | ||||||
| USSR Musa Manarov | January 26, 1991 | |||||||
| 09:00 | January 26, 1991 | |||||||
| 15:20 | 6 h 20 min | |||||||
| Afanasyev and Manarov spent more than 6 hours installing supports on Kvant to hold the solar arrays on Kristall. | ||||||||
| 88. | STS-37 – EVA 1 | USA Jerry L. Ross | ||||||
| USA Jerome Apt | April 7, 1991, | April 7, 1991, | 4 h 26 min | |||||
| When the boom antenna on the GRO satellite would not extend, Ross and Apt exited the shuttle on an unplanned EVA to extend the boom to prepare the satellite for its final release into orbit. | ||||||||
| 89. | STS-37 – EVA 2 | USA Jerry L. Ross | ||||||
| USA Jerome Apt | April 8, 1991, | April 8, 1991, | 5 h 47 min | |||||
| Ross and Apt installed and tested several monorail-type mobility tools for future space station construction. | ||||||||
| 90. | Mir PE-8 – EVA 4 | USSR Viktor M. Afanasyev | ||||||
| USSR Musa Manarov | April 25, 1991 | |||||||
| 20:29 | April 26, 1991 | |||||||
| 00:03 | 3 h 34 min | |||||||
| Manarov inspected and filmed the Kurs antenna on Kvant, finding that one of the antenna dishes was missing. Then Afanasyev and Manarov re-installed the camera on Kvant-2 that they had earlier removed and repaired. | ||||||||
| 91. | Mir PE-9 – EVA 1 | USSR Anatoly Artsebarsky | ||||||
| USSR Sergei Krikalev | June 24, 1991 | |||||||
| 21:11 | 25 June 1991 | |||||||
| 02:09 | 4 h 58 min | |||||||
| Artsebarsky and Krikalev started the EVA from the Kvant-2 airlock, climbed across Mir to the opposite end, and replaced the damaged Kurs antenna. Before returning to the airlock, they also performed assembly tests on an experimental structural joint. | ||||||||
| 92. | Mir PE-9 – EVA 2 | USSR Anatoly Artsebarsky | ||||||
| USSR Sergei Krikalev | June 28, 1991 | |||||||
| 19:02 | June 28, 1991 | |||||||
| 22:26 | 3 h 24 min | |||||||
| Artsebarski and Krikalev attached TREK,{{cite journal | first1=P.B. | date=November 1992 | title=TREK – A cosmic-ray experiment on the Russian space station MIR | volume=197 | issue =1 | publisher =Springer | doi =10.1007/BF00645077 | last2 =Lowder |
| 93. | Mir PE-9 – EVA 3 | USSR Anatoly Artsebarsky | ||||||
| USSR Sergei Krikalev | July 15, 1991 | |||||||
| 11:45 | July 15, 1991 | |||||||
| 17:41 | 5 h 56 min | |||||||
| Using the Stela boom, Artsebarsky and Krikalev moved ladders and the base platform parts for the Sofora girder from the Kvant-2 airlock and installed the components on the Kvant module. | ||||||||
| 94. | Mir PE-9 – EVA 4 | USSR Anatoly Artsebarsky | ||||||
| USSR Sergei Krikalev | 19 July 1991 | |||||||
| 11:10 | 19 July 1991 | |||||||
| 16:38 | 5 h 28 min | |||||||
| Artsebarsky and Krikalev started construction of the Sofora girder. Three of 20 structural pieces were installed. | ||||||||
| 95. | Mir PE-9 – EVA 5 | USSR Anatoly Artsebarsky | ||||||
| USSR Sergei Krikalev | 23 July 1991 | |||||||
| 09:15 | 23 July 1991 | |||||||
| 14:57 | 5 h 42 min | |||||||
| Artsebarsky and Krikalev continued the construction of the Sofora girder. Eleven more of the 20 girder pieces were installed. | ||||||||
| 96. | Mir PE-9 – EVA 6 | USSR Anatoly Artsebarsky | ||||||
| USSR Sergei Krikalev | July 27, 1991 | |||||||
| 08:44 | July 27, 1991 | |||||||
| 15:33 | 6 h 49 min | |||||||
| Artsebarsky and Krikalev completed assembly of the Sofora girder and the spacewalking team mounted a small Soviet flag on top of the structure. Artsebarsky had trouble with fogging on his visor, due to overexertion, but Krikalev was able to lead him back to the airlock. |
1992 spacewalks
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 97. | Mir PE-10 – EVA 1 | Russia Alexander A. Volkov | |||
| Russia Sergei Krikalev | 20 February 1992 | ||||
| 20:09 | 21 February 1992 | ||||
| 00:21 | 4 h 12 min | ||||
| Volkov and Krikalev performed maintenance activities on the outside of Mir, including cleaning camera lenses. Volkov had problems with the cooling system on his Orlan space suit, and was limited in his mobility. | |||||
| 98. | STS-49 – EVA 1 | USA Pierre Thuot | |||
| USA Richard Hieb | 10 May 1992 | ||||
| 20:40 | 11 May 1992 | ||||
| 00:23 | 3 h 43 min | ||||
| Thuot attempted to capture the Intelsat VI satellite using a capture bar carried up in *Endeavour* while Hieb stood by to assist with placement in the payload bay. After multiple attempts to catch Intelsat VI, the spacewalkers returned to the airlock to consider the failed attempts. | |||||
| 99. | STS-49 – EVA 2 | USA Pierre Thuot | |||
| USA Richard Hieb | 11 May 1992 | ||||
| 21:05 | 12 May 1992 | ||||
| 02:35 | 5 h 30 min | ||||
| Thuot tried five more times to capture Intelsat VI while Hieb stood by to assist. Once again Thuot was unable to engage the capture bar to the satellite. | |||||
| 100. | STS-49 – EVA 3 | USA Pierre Thuot | |||
| USA Richard Hieb | |||||
| USA Thomas Akers | 13 May 1992 | ||||
| 21:17 | 14 May 1992 | ||||
| 05:46 | 8 h 29 min | ||||
| Thuot, Hieb and Akers captured Intelsat VI with their hands. The trio then pulled the satellite into the payload bay, added a new perigee kick motor, and launched the satellite away from *Endeavour*. This spacewalk was the first (and only) three-person spacewalk in history. The three spacewalkers also set a new record for elapsed spacewalk time. | |||||
| 101. | STS-49 – EVA 4 | USA Thomas Akers | |||
| USA Kathryn Thornton | 14 May 1992 | ||||
| ~21:00 | 15 May 1992 | ||||
| ~04:45 | 7 h 44 min | ||||
| Akers and Thornton tested space station assembly techniques on an experimental structure, the Assembly of Station by Extravehicular Activity Methods (ASEM). The experiments with ASEM were intended to help with the design of the planned Space Station Freedom. | |||||
| 102. | Mir PE-11 – EVA 1 | Russia Alexander Viktorenko | |||
| Russia Alexander Kaleri | 8 July 1992 | ||||
| 12:38 | 8 July 1992 | ||||
| 14:41 | 2 h 03 min | ||||
| Viktorenko and Kaleri inspected several gyrodynes, located on the Kvant-2 module, near the airlock. Their inspection provided data needed to prepare for the planned repair and replacement work. | |||||
| 103. | Mir PE-12 – EVA 1 | Russia Sergei Avdeyev | |||
| Russia Anatoly Solovyev | 3 September 1992 | ||||
| 13:32 | 3 September 1992 | ||||
| 17:28 | 3 h 56 min | ||||
| Avdeyev and Solvyev moved the VDU thruster unit and prepared the Sofora girder for installation of the VDU. | |||||
| 104. | Mir PE-12 – EVA 2 | Russia Sergei Avdeyev | |||
| Russia Anatoly Solovyev | 7 September 1992 | ||||
| 11:47 | 7 September 1992 | ||||
| 16:55 | 5 h 08 min | ||||
| Avdeyev and Solvyev installed the electrical and control cables needed by the VDU thruster for operation on the Sofora truss. They also recovered the Soviet flag installed on the Sofora truss the year before, which had been destroyed by UV radiation and micrometeoroids. | |||||
| 105. | Mir PE-12 – EVA 3 | Russia Sergei Avdeyev | |||
| Russia Anatoly Solovyev | 11 September 1992 | ||||
| 10:06 | 11 September 1992 | ||||
| 15:50 | 5 h 44 min | ||||
| Avdeyev and Solvyev completed install of the VDU thruster on Sofora truss, and moved the truss into its extended position. | |||||
| 106. | Mir PE-12 – EVA 4 | Russia Sergei Avdeyev | |||
| Russia Anatoly Solovyev | 15 September 1992 | ||||
| 07:49 | 15 September 1992 | ||||
| 11:22 | 3 h 33 min | ||||
| Avdeyev and Solvyev collected samples of a solar array and relocated the Kurs docking antenna on the Kristall module in preparation for the arrival of Soyuz TM-16. |
1993 spacewalks
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 107. | STS-54 – EVA 1 | USA Gregory Harbaugh | |||
| USA Mario Runco | 17 January 1993 | 17 January 1993 | 4 h 28 min | ||
| Harbaugh and Runco tested space station construction techniques and mobility techniques. They proved that some techniques were useful, and some were not. | |||||
| 108. | Mir PE-13 – EVA 1 | Russia Gennadi Manakov | |||
| Russia Alexander Poleshchuk | 19 April 1993 | ||||
| 17:15 | 19 April 1993 | ||||
| 22:40 | 5 h 25 min | ||||
| Manakov and Poleshchuk used the Strela boom to install an electric motor on the Kvant module for solar arrays originally installed on the Kristall module. After the installation, Poleshchuk noticed that one of the handles on the Strela boom had become loose and drifted away from Mir. The loss of the Strela handle meant the next EVA would have to be delayed until a new handle could be lifted to orbit the next Progress supply launch. | |||||
| 109. | Mir PE-13 – EVA 2 | Russia Gennadi Manakov | |||
| Russia Alexander Poleshchuk | 18 June 1993 | ||||
| 17:25 | 18 June 1993 | ||||
| 21:58 | 4 h 33 min | ||||
| After receiving the replacement part, Manakov and Poleshchuk first repaired the Strela boom and then installed the second electric drive for the solar array. | |||||
| 110. | STS-57 – EVA 1 | USA G. David Low | |||
| USA Peter Wisoff | 25 June 1993, | 25 June 1993, | 5 h 50 min | ||
| Low and Wisoff helped secure the antenna on the captured EURECA satellite in its stored position for return to Earth. Then both spacewalkers practiced space station construction maneuvers on the RMS. | |||||
| 111. | Mir PE-14 – EVA 1 | Russia Vasili Tsibliyev | |||
| Russia Aleksandr Serebrov | 16 September 1993 | ||||
| 05:57 | 16 September 1993 | ||||
| 10:16 | 4 h 18 min | ||||
| Tsibliyev and Serebrov began assembly of the experimental Rapana truss structure. | |||||
| 112. | STS-51 – EVA 1 | USA James H. Newman | |||
| USA Carl Walz | 16 September 1993 | ||||
| 08:40 | 16 September 1993 | ||||
| 15:45 | 7 h 05 min | ||||
| Newman and Walz carried out tests on tools, tethers, and a foot restraint system in anticipation of the repair of the Hubble Space Telescope. A stuck tool chest lid slowed the closeout of spacewalk for at least 45 minutes. | |||||
| 113. | Mir PE-14 – EVA 2 | Russia Vasili Tsibliyev | |||
| Russia Aleksandr Serebrov | 20 September 1993 | ||||
| 03:51:50 | 20 September 1993 | ||||
| 07:05:40 | 3 h 13 min | ||||
| Tsibliyev and Serebrov completed the assembly of the Rapana truss. The experience gained from the construction of the truss was later used in future station designs, such as the International Space Station. | |||||
| 114. | Mir PE-14 – EVA 3 | Russia Vasili Tsibliyev | |||
| Russia Aleksandr Serebrov | 28 September 1993 | ||||
| 00:57 | 28 September 1993 | ||||
| 02:48 | 1 h 52 min | ||||
| Tsibliyev and Serebrov inspected Mir's exterior for damage from the recent Perseid meteoroid shower. The most notable damage they found was a 5 mm hole in one of the solar arrays. | |||||
| 115. | Mir PE-14 – EVA 4 | Russia Vasili Tsibliyev | |||
| Russia Aleksandr Serebrov | 22 October 1993 | ||||
| 15:47 | 22 October 1993 | ||||
| 16:25 | 0 h 38 min | ||||
| Tsibliyev and Serebrov continued their inspection of Mir from damage from the Perseids. | |||||
| 116. | Mir PE-14 – EVA 5 | Russia Vasili Tsibliyev | |||
| Russia Aleksandr Serebrov | 29 October 1993 | ||||
| 13:38 | 29 October 1993 | ||||
| 17:50 | 4 h 12 min | ||||
| Tsibliyev and Serebrov completed their inspection of the entire exterior of Mir. They observed several marks on the hull, but there were no complete penetrations. However, the spacewalking team noticed an unidentified piece of metal drifting by the station during their inspections. | |||||
| 117. | STS-61 – EVA 1 | USA Story Musgrave | |||
| USA Jeffrey Hoffman | 5 December 1993 | ||||
| 03:44 | 5 December 1993 | ||||
| 11:38 | 7 h 50 min | ||||
| Musgrave and Hoffman replaced two sets of gyroscopes and electrical control units, as well as a set of 8 fuses on Hubble. The spacewalkers had considerable difficulty closing the latches on the gyro doors, probably due to thermal expansion of the closure bolts. Working closely with engineers on the ground, the team was able to force the door to latch closed. Before re-entering the shuttle, they prepared the payload bay for the next EVA. | |||||
| 118. | STS-61 – EVA 2 | USA Kathryn C. Thornton | |||
| USA Thomas Akers | 6 December 1993 | ||||
| 03:29 | 6 December 1993 | ||||
| 10:05 | 6 h 36 min | ||||
| Thorton rode the RMS to handle the solar arrays while Akers made the cable connections as the team replaced two solar arrays on the Hubble. One array was discarded into space, and one array was furled and stowed for return to Earth. | |||||
| 119. | STS-61 – EVA 3 | USA Story Musgrave | |||
| USA Jeffrey Hoffman | 7 December 1993 | ||||
| 03:35 | 7 December 1993 | ||||
| 10:22 | 6 h 47 min | ||||
| Musgrave and Hoffman replaced the Hubble WFPC with WFPC 2. They also replaced two magnetometers before returning to *Endeavour*. | |||||
| 120. | STS-61 – EVA 4 | USA Kathryn C. Thornton | |||
| USA Thomas Akers | 8 December 1993 | ||||
| 03:13 | 8 December 1993 | ||||
| 10:03 | 7 h 21 min | ||||
| Thornton and Akers replaced Hubble's High Speed Photometer (HSP) with the Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (COSTAR). This replacement corrected the spherical aberration in Hubble's mirror. The HSP was stowed for return to Earth. | |||||
| 121. | STS-61 – EVA 5 | USA Story Musgrave | |||
| USA Jeffrey Hoffman | 9 December 1993 | ||||
| 03:30 | 9 December 1993 | ||||
| 10:51 | 7 h 21 min | ||||
| Musgrave and Hoffman replaced the electronics for the solar array drive motors. They also placed some improvised covers over the new magnetometers to protect them from debris. |
1994 spacewalks
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 122. | Mir PE-16 – EVA 1 | Russia Yuri Malenchenko | |||
| Russia Talgat Musabayev | 9 September 1994 | ||||
| 07:00 | 9 September 1994 | ||||
| 12:06 | 5 h 04 min | ||||
| Malenchenko and Musabayev inspected a docking port on Kvant-2 for damage from a collision with Progress M-24. They also inspected the Kristall module for damage from a collision with Soyuz TM-17 and repaired that module near where it connected to the base block of Mir. | |||||
| 123. | Mir PE-16 – EVA 2 | Russia Yuri Malenchenko | |||
| Russia Talgat Musabayev | 13 September 1994 | ||||
| 06:30 | 13 September 1994 | ||||
| 12:32 | 6 h 01 min | ||||
| Malenchenko and Musabayev continued construction work in preparation of moving solar arrays from the Kristall module to the Kvant-2 module. | |||||
| 124. | STS-64 – EVA 1 | USA Mark C. Lee | |||
| USA Carl Meade | 16 September 1994 | ||||
| 14:42 | 16 September 1994 | ||||
| 21:33 | 6 h 51 min | ||||
| Lee and Meade carried out successful untethered tests of the SAFER EVA rescue device. |
1995–1999 spacewalks
Spacewalk beginning and ending times are given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
1995 spacewalks
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 125. | STS-63 – EVA 1 | USA Michael Foale | |||
| USA Bernard Harris | 9 February 1995 | ||||
| 11:56 | 9 February 1995 | ||||
| 16:35 | 4 h 39 min | ||||
| Foale and Harris conducted a test of moving large mass objects. They also tested the effectiveness of new spacesuit temperature control underwear by being lofted outside the payload bay by the RMS. Harris was the first African-American to perform an EVA. | |||||
| 126. | Mir PE-18 – EVA 1 | Russia Vladimir N. Dezhurov | |||
| Russia Gennady Strekalov | 12 May 1995 | ||||
| 04:20:44 | 12 May 1995 | ||||
| 10:35:16 | 6 h 14 min 32 s | ||||
| Dezhurov and Strekalov made preparations for the arrival of the Spektr module. They installed some electrical cable attachments, adjusted solar array actuators, and practiced folding the Kristall solar arrays for the future move to Kvant. | |||||
| 127. | Mir PE-18 – EVA 2 | Russia Vladimir N. Dezhurov | |||
| Russia Gennady Strekalov | 17 May 1995 | ||||
| 02:38 | 17 May 1995 | ||||
| 09:20 | 6 h 52 min | ||||
| Dezhurov and Strekalov moved the solar arrays from Kristall to Kvant. Their suits ran low on oxygen before they were able to re-install the arrays on Kvant. They secured the arrays and tools to Kvant and returned to Mir. | |||||
| 128. | Mir PE-18 – EVA 3 | Russia Vladimir N. Dezhurov | |||
| Russia Gennady Strekalov | 22 May 1995 | ||||
| 00:10:20 | 22 May 1995 | ||||
| 05:25:11 | 5 h 14 min 51 s | ||||
| Dezhurov and Strekalov completed installation of the relocated solar array on Kvant. They also retracted some solar panels to prepare for moving Kristall. | |||||
| 129. | Mir PE-18 – EVA 4 | Russia Vladimir N. Dezhurov | |||
| Russia Gennady Strekalov | 28 May 1995 | ||||
| 22:22 | 28 May 1995 | ||||
| 22:43 | 0 h 21 min | ||||
| Conducting a spacewalk inside the transfer compartment of the Mir base block, Dezhurov and Strekalov relocated the docking cone from the -X port to the -Z port. | |||||
| 130. | Mir PE-18 – EVA 5 | Russia Vladimir N. Dezhurov | |||
| Russia Gennady Strekalov | 1 June 1995 | ||||
| 22:05:30 | 1 June 1995 | ||||
| 22:28:20 | 0 h 22 min 50 s | ||||
| Again working from the depressurized base block transfer compartment, Dezhurov and Strekalov prepared to move the recently arrived Spektr module by relocating the docking cone from the -Z port to the -Y port. | |||||
| 131. | Mir PE-19 – EVA 1 | Russia Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| Russia Nikolai Budarin | 14 July 1995 | ||||
| 03:56 | 14 July 1995 | ||||
| 09:30 | 5 h 34 min | ||||
| Solovyev and Budarin used the Strela boom to move to the Spektr module and freed the stuck solar array. They also inspected the -Z docking port and found it to be undamaged. | |||||
| 132. | Mir PE-19 – EVA 2 | Russia Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| Russia Nikolai Budarin | 19 July 1995 | ||||
| 00:39 | 19 July 1995 | ||||
| 03:47 | 3 h 08 min | ||||
| Solovyev had problems with his Orlan-DMA spacesuit cooling system, and had to stay tethered to an umbilical at Kvant-2. Budarin was able work his way to the far end of Spektr and do some preparations for the installation of the Mir infrared spectrometer (MIRAS). He also collected the American TREK cosmic ray panel that had been installed on Kvant-2 since 1991. | |||||
| 133. | Mir PE-19 – EVA 3 | Russia Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| Russia Nikolai Budarin | 21 July 1995 | ||||
| 00:28 | 21 July 1995 | ||||
| 06:18 | 5 h 50 min | ||||
| Solovyev and Budarin used the Strela boom to reach the Spektr module, where they completed the installation of MIRAS. | |||||
| 134. | STS-69 – EVA 1 | USA James S. Voss | |||
| USA Michael Gernhardt | 16 September 1995 | ||||
| 08:20 | 16 September 1995 | ||||
| 15:06 | 6 h 46 min | ||||
| Voss and Gernhardt installed thermal instruments in the payload bay of *Endeavour* and tested construction techniques in support of the International Space Station. They also tested redesigned spacesuit helmet lights and spacesuit heaters. | |||||
| 135. | Mir PE-20 – EVA 1 | Russia Sergei Avdeyev | |||
| Germany Thomas Reiter | 20 October 1995 | ||||
| 11:50 | 20 October 1995 | ||||
| 17:06 | 5 h 16 min | ||||
| Reiter completed the first European Space Agency EVA. Avdeyev and Reiter used the Strela boom to move to the Spektr module. Afterwards they installed several experiments on the European Space Exposure Facility before returning to the airlock. | |||||
| 136. | Mir PE-20 – EVA 2 | Russia Sergei Avdeyev | |||
| Russia Yuri Gidzenko | 8 December 1995 | ||||
| 19:23 | 8 December 1995 | ||||
| 19:52 | 0 h 37 min | ||||
| From inside the depressurized base block transfer compartment, Avdeyev and Gidzenko moved the Konus docking cone from the -Z port to the +Z port. |
1996 spacewalks
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 137. | STS-72 – EVA 1 | USA Leroy Chiao | |||
| USA Daniel Barry | 15 January 1996 | ||||
| 05:35 | 15 January 1996 | ||||
| 11:44 | 6 h 09 min | ||||
| Chiao and Barry practiced construction techniques for the upcoming International Space Station. Their activities included installing a cable tray, hooking up cables and fluid lines, handling small screws and bolts, and grappling large objects at the end of the RMS. | |||||
| 138. | STS-72 – EVA 2 | USA Leroy Chiao | |||
| USA Winston E. Scott | 17 January 1996 | ||||
| 05:40 | 17 January 1996 | ||||
| 12:34 | 6 h 53 min | ||||
| Chiao and Scott continued testing of construction techniques. They worked with utility boxes, slidewires and a portable work station attached to the RMS. Scott also tested the heating capabilities of his spacesuit by riding the RMS during the night while *Endeavour*'s payload bay was oriented toward space. | |||||
| 139. | Mir PE-20 – EVA 3 | Germany Thomas Reiter | |||
| Russia Yuri Gidzenko | 8 February 1996 | ||||
| 14:03 | 8 February 1996 | ||||
| 17:08 | 3 h 06 min | ||||
| Reiter and Gidzenko moved a YMK maneuvering unit from the Kvant-2 airlock and secured it on the module's exterior. They then collected experiments deployed earlier on the ESEF. The team was unable to remove an antenna from Kristall when they were unable to loosen some bolts on the antenna. | |||||
| 140. | Mir PE-21 – EVA 1 | Russia Yuri Onufriyenko | |||
| Russia Yury Usachev | 15 March 1996 | ||||
| 01:04 | 15 March 1996 | ||||
| 06:55 | 5 h 51 min | ||||
| To improve access to the outside of the Kristall module, Onufriyenko and Usachev installed a second Strela boom on the Mir base block. The team also prepared cables and connectors for the future installation of the Mir Cooperative Solar Array. | |||||
| 141. | STS-76/Mir PE-21 | USA Michael R. Clifford | |||
| USA Linda Godwin | 27 March 1996 | ||||
| 06:34 | 27 March 1996 | ||||
| 12:36 | 6 h 02 min | ||||
| Godwin and Clifford added four canisters of experiments, called the Mir Environmental Effects Payload (MEEP), to the outside of the Mir docking module. They also tested new tethers and foot restraints for future use on Mir and the upcoming International Space Station. | |||||
| 142. | Mir PE-21 – EVA 2 | Russia Yuri Onufriyenko | |||
| Russia Yury Usachev | 20 May 1996 | ||||
| 22:50 | 21 May 1996 | ||||
| 04:10 | 5 h 20 min | ||||
| Onufriyenko and Usachev moved the Mir Cooperative Solar Array (MCSA) from its stowage position on Kristal to a final location on Kvant, and prepared the array for complete deployment. They also released a balloon shaped like a large Pepsi can, and filmed it for a television commercial. | |||||
| 143. | Mir PE-21 – EVA 3 | Russia Yuri Onufriyenko | |||
| Russia Yury Usachev | 24 May 1996 | ||||
| 20:47 | 25 May 1996 | ||||
| 02:30 | 5 h 43 min | ||||
| Onufriyenko and Usachev completed deployment of the Mir Cooperative Solar Array (MCSA) on the Kvant module. | |||||
| 144. | Mir PE-21 – EVA 4 | Russia Yuri Onufriyenko | |||
| Russia Yury Usachev | 30 May 1996 | ||||
| 18:20 | 30 May 1996 | ||||
| 22:40 | 4 h 20 min | ||||
| Onufriyenko and Usachev installed the German-made Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Scanner (MOMS) camera to the exterior of the Priroda module. They also installed a new handrail on the exterior of Kvant-2 to aid future spacewalks. | |||||
| 145. | Mir PE-21 – EVA 5 | Russia Yuri Onufriyenko | |||
| Russia Yury Usachev | 6 June 1996 | ||||
| 16:56 | 6 June 1996 | ||||
| 20:30 | 3 h 34 min | ||||
| Onufriyenko and Usachev installed two American micrometeoroid detector experiments to the exterior of Kvant-2. The team also replaced a data cassette for the Komza experiment of the surface of Spektr. | |||||
| 146. | Mir PE-21 – EVA 6 | Russia Yuri Onufriyenko | |||
| Russia Yury Usachev | 13 June 1996 | ||||
| 12:45 | 13 June 1996 | ||||
| 18:27 | 5 h 42 min | ||||
| Onufriyenko and Usachev installed the Rapana girder to the exterior of Kvant in anticipation of mounting future experiments to the girder. They also manually deployed the Travers radar on the surface of Priroda. | |||||
| 147. | Mir PE-22 – EVA 1 | Russia Valery Korzun | |||
| Russia Alexander Kaleri | 2 December 1996 | ||||
| 15:54 | 2 December 1996 | ||||
| 21:51 | 5 h 57 min | ||||
| Korzun and Kaleri successfully connected electrical cables to the surface-mounted solar panels installed on Kvant. | |||||
| 148. | Mir PE-22 – EVA 2 | Russia Valery Korzun | |||
| Russia Alexander Kaleri | 9 December 1996 | ||||
| 13:52 | 9 December 1996 | ||||
| 20:28 | 6 h 36 min | ||||
| Korzun and Kaleri completed the construction of the Rapana truss structure and then installed the Kurs docking antenna. They also fixed an amateur radio antenna that had loosened. |
1997 spacewalks
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 149. | STS-82 – EVA 1 | USA Mark C. Lee | |||
| USA Steven Smith | 14 February 1997 | ||||
| 04:34 | 14 February 1997 | ||||
| 11:16 | 6 h 42 min | ||||
| Lee and Smith accessed Hubble from its aft shroud doors. The spacewalkers swapped out the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS) for the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer and replaced the Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS) with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. They closed out the EVA by closing the aft shroud doors and stowing the GHRS and FOS for return to Earth. | |||||
| 150. | STS-82 – EVA 2 | USA Gregory J. Harbaugh | |||
| USA Joseph R. Tanner | 15 February 1997 | ||||
| 03:25 | 15 February 1997 | ||||
| 10:52 | 7 h 27 min | ||||
| Harbaugh and Tanner replaced the Fine Guidance Sensor and an Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with spare replacement units on Hubble. They also installed a new hardware piece, the Optical Control Electronics Enhancement Kit. | |||||
| 151. | STS-82 – EVA 3 | USA Mark C. Lee | |||
| USA Steven Smith | 16 February 1997 | ||||
| 02:53 | 16 February 1997 | ||||
| 10:04 | 7 h 11 min | ||||
| Lee and Smith completed the third spacewalk of the second Hubble repair mission by replacing a Data Interface Unit with a spare unit and replacing a reel-to-reel tape drive Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with a solid-state version. They also replaced one of the four Reaction Wheel Assembly units that helped point the telescope at targets. | |||||
| 152. | STS-82 – EVA 4 | USA Gregory J. Harbaugh | |||
| USA Joseph R. Tanner | 17 February 1997 | ||||
| 03:45 | 17 February 1997 | ||||
| 10:19 | 6 h 34 min | ||||
| Harbaugh and Tanner continued their Hubble repair mission by replacing the Solar Array Drive Electronics package with a spare. Then they climbed to the top of the telescope where they replaced the covers of the satellite's magnetometers. Before they finished their spacewalk, Harbaugh and Tanner installed thermal blankets over areas of degraded insulation. | |||||
| 153. | STS-82 – EVA 5 | USA Mark C. Lee | |||
| USA Steven Smith | 18 February 1997 | ||||
| 03:15 | 18 February 1997 | ||||
| 08:32 | 5 h 17 min | ||||
| Lee and Smith completed the repair work on Hubble by installing more thermal insulation on three more areas that had undergone degradation. | |||||
| 154. | Mir PE-23 – EVA 1 | Russia Vasily Tsibliyev | |||
| USA Jerry Linenger | 29 April 1997 | ||||
| 05:10 | 29 April 1997 | ||||
| 10:09 | 4 h 59 min | ||||
| The spacewalk by Tsibliyev and Linenger marked the first use of the new Orlan-M space suit. Their first task was to install the Optical Properties Monitor (OPM) on the exterior of the Kristall docking module. Then the spacewalkers used the Strela crane to move to the Kvant-2 module. At Kvant-2 they retrieved two American experiments, the Partial Impact Experiment (PIE) and the Mir Sample Experiment (MSE), from Kvant-2's hull, and installed the Benton Radiation Dosimeter on Kvant-2. | |||||
| 155. | Mir PE-24 – EVA 1 | Russia Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| Russia Pavel Vinogradov | 22 August 1997 | ||||
| 11:14 | 22 August 1997 | ||||
| 14:30 | 3 h 16 min | ||||
| Solovyev and Vinogradov conducted an internal EVA to inspect the damaged Spektr module, which had been struck by the out-of-control Progress M-34 spacecraft. They were successful in reconnecting power cabling to Spektr's solar arrays, thus restoring part of the power lost in the collision. Although the spacewalkers were able to recover equipment and supplies from the module, they were not able to find the puncture hole. | |||||
| 156. | Mir PE-24 – EVA 2 | Russia Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| USA Michael Foale | 6 September 1997 | ||||
| 01:07 | 6 September 1997 | ||||
| 07:07 | 6 h 00 min | ||||
| Solovyev rode the Strela crane to Spektr to inspect it for damage. Foale operated the Strela from the Mir base block. Although Solovyev made an extensive documentation and search of Spektr, he was unable to find the hole created by the runaway Progress M-34 spacecraft. Before he returned to the airlock, Foale collected the radiation dosimeter installed outside earlier. Foale became the first person to conduct EVAs in both American and Russian spacesuits. | |||||
| 157. | STS-86 – EVA 1 | USA Scott Parazynski | |||
| Russia Vladimir Titov | 1 October 1997 | ||||
| 1 October 1997 | |||||
| 5 h 01 min | |||||
| Parazynski and Titov retrieved the four Mir Environmental Effects Packages (MEEP) from the docking module surface. They also installed the Solar Array Cap to the docking module, to be used to plug the hole in the Spektr module on a future EVA. To close out the EVA, the spacewalkers tested the Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue (SAFER) jet packs. | |||||
| 158. | Mir PE-24 – EVA 3 | Russia Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| Russia Pavel Vinogradov | 20 October 1997 | ||||
| 09:40 | 20 October 1997 | ||||
| 16:18 | 6 h 38 min | ||||
| Solovyev and Vinogradov ventured inside the depressurized Spektr in an attempt to install three control cables between the solar array servo motors to the special adapter plate that seals Spektr from the rest of Mir. After cleaning up some of the debris and loose items in Spektr, Solovyev was able to connect the three cables to the servos. However, even after an effort that extended into the emergency oxygen supply of the Orlan space suits, Solovyev was only able to connect two of the cables to the adapter plate. | |||||
| 159. | Mir PE-24 – EVA 4 | Russia Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| Russia Pavel Vinogradov | 3 November 1997 | ||||
| 03:32 | 3 November 1997 | ||||
| 09:36 | 6 h 04 min | ||||
| Solovyev and Vinogradov released a mini-satellite into orbit. The spacewalkers then dismantled an old solar panel on Kvant. They stowed the panel on the outside of the Mir base block. | |||||
| 160. | Mir PE-24 – EVA 5 | Russia Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| Russia Pavel Vinogradov | 6 November 1997 | ||||
| 00:12 | 6 November 1997 | ||||
| 06:24 | 6 h 12 min | ||||
| Solovyev and Vinogradov installed a new solar array on Kvant to replace the panel removed on their previous spacewalk. | |||||
| 161. | STS-87 – EVA 1 | USA Winston E. Scott | |||
| JapanTakao Doi | 25 November 1997 | ||||
| 00:02 | 25 November 1997 | ||||
| 07:45 | 7 h 43 min | ||||
| Scott and Doi captured the Spartan satellite by hand and secured it in the payload bay. Then the spacewalking team set up and tested a crane that would be used to construct the International Space Station. Doi was the first Japanese astronaut to perform an EVA, and the first EVA performed from Space Shuttle *Columbia*. | |||||
| 162. | STS-87 – EVA 2 | USA Winston E. Scott | |||
| JapanTakao Doi | 3 December 1997 | ||||
| 09:09 | 3 December 1997 | ||||
| 14:09 | 4 h 59 min | ||||
| An extra spacewalk for Scott and Doi was added to the schedule to conduct more testing and evaluation of the crane in *Columbia*'s payload bay. They repeated many of the same crane motion tests with smaller objects than in the earlier walk. During the EVA, a small free-flying video camera was deployed to record the work. |
1998 spacewalks
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 163. | Mir PE-24 – EVA 6 | Russia Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| Russia Pavel Vinogradov | 8 January 1998 | ||||
| 23:08 | 9 January 1998 | ||||
| 02:14 | 3 h 06 min | ||||
| When the spacewalk began, Solovyev and Vinogradov had only planned to inspect and film the damaged airlock sealing system, but the inspection showed that repairs could be made on-the-spot. After completing the repair, the spacewalking team used the Strela boom to move across Mir and recover the American optical monitoring experiment. Before closing out the spacewalk, the team also checked the integrity of cable connections to several antennas. | |||||
| 164. | Mir PE-24 – EVA 7 | Russia Anatoly Solovyev | |||
| USA David Wolf | 14 January 1998 | ||||
| 21:12 | 15 January 1998 | ||||
| 01:04 | 3 h 52 min | ||||
| Solovyev continued to make repairs to the airlock hatch on Kvant-2. Wolf used a handheld photo-reflectometer to inspect the exterior surface of Mir. Solovyev spent some time supervising the actions of Wolf, as the latter had never performed an EVA before. The airlock pressure check made after the spacewalk showed that Solovyev's repairs were effective. | |||||
| 165. | Mir PE-25 – EVA 1 | Russia Talgat Musabayev | |||
| Russia Nikolai Budarin | 1 April 1998 | ||||
| 13:35 | 1 April 1998 | ||||
| 20:15 | 6 h 40 min | ||||
| In preparation for the repair of the damaged solar array, Musabayev and Budarin installed a set of handrails and one of two foot restraints on the outside of the Spektr module. | |||||
| 166. | Mir PE-25 – EVA 2 | Russia Talgat Musabayev | |||
| Russia Nikolai Budarin | 6 April 1998 | ||||
| 13:35 | 6 April 1998 | ||||
| 17:50 | 4 h 15 min | ||||
| Musabayev and Budarin set out to repair a damaged solar panel on the Spektr module. After installing a splint on the frayed panel, they had to quickly return to the airlock to handle a problem with the station's attitude control. | |||||
| 167. | Mir PE-25 – EVA 3 | Russia Talgat Musabayev | |||
| Russia Nikolai Budarin | 11 April 1998 | ||||
| 09:55 | 11 April 1998 | ||||
| 16:20 | 6 h 25 min | ||||
| Musabayev and Budarin removed and pushed off the external thruster engine (VDU) that had been located at the top of the Sofora boom. The team also recovered an experiment from the Rapana structure. The original plan to dismantle the Rapana structure was not completed and the structure remained in place. | |||||
| 168. | Mir PE-25 – EVA 4 | Russia Talgat Musabayev | |||
| Russia Nikolai Budarin | 17 April 1998 | ||||
| 07:40 | 17 April 1998 | ||||
| 14:13 | 6 h 33 min | ||||
| Musabayev and Budarin removed two structures and secured them to exterior surfaces. They then repositioned the new thrust engine (VDU) for future use. | |||||
| 169. | Mir PE-25 – EVA 5 | Russia Talgat Musabayev | |||
| Russia Nikolai Budarin | 22 April 1998 | ||||
| 05:34 | 22 April 1998 | ||||
| 11:55 | 6 h 21 min | ||||
| Musabayev and Budarin completed installation of the new VDU thruster unit on top of the Sofora boom. | |||||
| 170. | Mir PE-26 – EVA 1 | Russia Gennady Padalka | |||
| Russia Sergei Avdeyev | 15 September 1998 | ||||
| 20:00 | 15 September 1998 | ||||
| 20:30 | 0 h 30 min | ||||
| Padalka and Avdeyev conducted an internal spacewalk in the depressurized Spektr to connect electrical and control cables to the solar array servo motor. | |||||
| 171. | Mir PE-26 – EVA 2 | Russia Gennady Padalka | |||
| Russia Sergei Avdeyev | 10 November 1998 | ||||
| 19:23 | 11 November 1998 | ||||
| 01:18 | 5 h 55 min | ||||
| As soon as the spacewalk started, Padalka and Avdeyev deployed a mini-satellite, Spoutnik-41. The spacewalkers had a long list of experiment retrievals and deployments, which included a French "meteorite trap" intended to catch some dust from the upcoming Leonids meteor shower. | |||||
| 172. | STS-88 – EVA 1 | USA Jerry Ross | |||
| USA James Newman | 7 December 1998 | ||||
| 22:10 | 8 December 1998 | ||||
| 05:31 | 7 h 21 min | ||||
| Ross and Newman connected computer and electrical cables between the *Unity* node, the two mating adapters attached to either end of *Unity*, and the *Zarya* Functional Cargo Block (FGB). | |||||
| 173. | STS-88 – EVA 2 | USA Jerry Ross | |||
| USA James Newman | 9 December 1998 | ||||
| 20:33 | 10 December 1998 | ||||
| 03:35 | 7 h 02 min | ||||
| Ross and Newman installed two box-like antennas on the outside of the *Unity* module that were part of the station's S-band early communications system. | |||||
| 174. | STS-88 – EVA 3 | USA Jerry Ross | |||
| USA James Newman | 12 December 1998 | ||||
| 20:33 | 13 December 1998 | ||||
| 03:32 | 6 h 59 min | ||||
| Ross and Newman checked on an insulation cover on a cable connection on the lower Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA 2) to ensure its proper installation, attached EVA tools on the side of *Unity'''s upper mating adapter (PMA 1) in preparation for future EVAs, and inspected Orbiter Space Vision System targets on *Unity''. |
1999 spacewalks
| # | Spacecraft | Spacewalkers | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 175. | Mir PE-27 – EVA 1 | Russia Viktor Afanasyev | |||
| France Jean-Pierre Haigneré | 16 April 1999 | ||||
| 04:37 | 16 April 1999 | ||||
| 10:56 | 6 h 19 min | ||||
| Afanasyev and Haigneré recovered experiments from the exterior of Mir and installed other experiments on the station's outer surface. | |||||
| 176. | STS-96 – EVA 1 | USA Tamara E. Jernigan | |||
| USA Daniel Barry | 30 May 1999 | ||||
| 02:56 | 30 May 1999 | ||||
| 10:51 | 7 h 55 min | ||||
| Jernigan and Barry transferred and installed two cranes from *Discovery*'s payload bay to locations on the outside of the station. They also installed two new portable foot restraints that fit both American and Russian spacesuit boots, and attached three bags filled with tools and handrails that were used during future assembly operations. | |||||
| 177. | Mir PE-27 – EVA 2 | Russia Viktor Afanasyev | |||
| Russia Sergei Avdeyev | 23 July 1999 | ||||
| 11:06 | 23 July 1999 | ||||
| 17:13 | 6 h 07 min | ||||
| Afanasyev and Avdeyev installed a communications antenna on the Sofora girder, but were unable to command the antenna dish to open fully. They also spent time trying to find a leak in Kvant-2. Before returning inside Mir, the spacewalkers were able to retrieve the Exobiology and Dvikon experiments. | |||||
| 178. | Mir PE-27 – EVA 3 | Russia Viktor Afanasyev | |||
| Russia Sergei Avdeyev | 28 July 1999 | ||||
| 09:37 | 28 July 1999 | ||||
| 14:59 | 5 h 22 min | ||||
| Afanasyev and Avdeyev were successful in completing the deployment of the antenna mounted on the Sofora girder. After proving that the antenna could fully open, the antenna was disconnected and pushed into space. The spacewalking team also installed the experiments indicator and Sprut-4 on the exterior, traded out data cassettes on the Migmas ion spectrometer, and then recovered the Danko-M and the Ekran-D experiments for return to Earth. | |||||
| 179. | STS-103 – EVA 1 | USA Steven Smith | |||
| USA John Grunsfeld | 22 December 1999 | ||||
| 18:54 | 23 December 1999 | ||||
| 03:09 | 8 h 15 min | ||||
| Smith and Grunsfeld replaced six of Hubble's gyroscopes and installed six Voltage/Temperature Improvement Kits during one of the longest spacewalks on record. A planned activity to grease the door hinges was deferred to the next day's spacewalk. | |||||
| 180. | STS-103 – EVA 2 | USA Michael Foale | |||
| Switzerland Claude Nicollier | 23 December 1999 | ||||
| 19:06 | 24 December 1999 | ||||
| 03:16 | 8 h 10 min | ||||
| Foale and Nicollier replaced the main computer on Hubble with a new, faster machine. They also swapped out one of Hubble's three Fine Guidance Sensors for a refurbished one that had been previously removed from Hubble and serviced on Earth. | |||||
| 181. | STS-103 – EVA 3 | USA Steven Smith | |||
| USA John Grunsfeld | 24 December 1999 | ||||
| 19:17 | 25 December 1999 | ||||
| 03:25 | 8 h 08 min | ||||
| Smith and Grunsfeld replaced a radio transmitter that had failed on Hubble in the previous year. They also replaced a data tape recorder with a solid-state recorder and added some insulation to the outer surface of Hubble. |
For spacewalks that took place from 2000 through 2014, see List of spacewalks 2000–2014. For spacewalks that took place from the beginning of 2015 on, see List of spacewalks since 2015.
Commemorative stamps
The first spacewalk, that of the Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov was commemorated in several Eastern Bloc stamps (see the stamps section in the Alexei Leonov article). Since the Soviet Union did not distribute diagrams or images of the Voskhod 2 spacecraft at the time, the spaceship depiction in the stamps was purely fictional. In 1967 the U.S. Post Office issued a pair of postage stamps commemorating the first American to float freely in space while orbiting the Earth. The engraved image has accurate depictions of the Gemini IV spacecraft and the space suit worn by astronaut Ed White.
| [[File:Soviet Union-1965-Stamp-0.10. Voskhod-2. First Spacewalk.jpg | thumb | center | 280px | ]] | [[File:US Space Walk 1967 Issue-5c.jpg | thumb | center | 330px | ]] |
|---|
Two Forever Stamps were issued in 2019 to commemorate the first spacewalk's 50th anniversary. One features an iconic image of Buzz Aldrin performing an EVA, and the other an image of the Moon as viewed from Apollo 11 in space.
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