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List of human spaceflights, 1961–1970

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This is a detailed list of human spaceflights from 1961 to 1970, spanning the Soviet Vostok and Voskhod programs, the start of the Soviet Soyuz program, the American Mercury and Gemini programs, and the first lunar landings of the American Apollo program.

Red indicates fatalities.
Green indicates sub-orbital spaceflight (including flights that failed to attain intended orbit).
Grey indicates flights to the Moon.
The United States defines spaceflight as any flight reaching an altitude of 50 miles, while the FAI definition requires an altitude of 100 kilometers. During the 1960s, 13 crewed flights of the U.S. North American X-15 rocket plane met the U.S. criteria, of which only two met the FAI's. This article's primary list includes only the latter two flights. A separate, secondary list gives the other eleven which flew between 50 miles and 100 kilometers.

#	Crew	Launch
spacecraft	Habitation	Return
spacecraft	Brief mission summary	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35	36	37	38	39	40	41
USSR Yuri Gagarin	12 April 1961
USSR Vostok 1	First crewed spaceflight. Reached Low Earth Orbit (LEO), flew around the Earth one time.
USA Alan Shepard (1)	5 May 1961
USA Mercury-Redstone 3 (Freedom 7)	First American crewed spaceflight. Did not reach Earth orbit, maximum altitude: 187 km (116 miles).
USA Gus Grissom (1)	21 July 1961
USA Mercury-Redstone 4 (Liberty Bell 7)	Second American crewed spaceflight. Did not reach Earth orbit, maximum altitude: 190 km (118.26 mi).
USSR Gherman Titov	6 August 1961
USSR Vostok 2	7 August 1961
USSR Vostok 2	Day-long flight in LEO. Flew around the Earth 17 times. Brief manual control by pilot.
USA John Glenn (1)	20 February 1962
USA Mercury-Atlas 6 (Friendship 7)	First American crewed orbital flight. Flew around the Earth three times.
USA Scott Carpenter	24 May 1962
USA Mercury-Atlas 7 (Aurora 7)	First manual retrofire. Earth photography and study of liquids in weightless conditions.
USSR Andriyan Nikolayev (1)	11 August 1962
USSR Vostok 3	15 August 1962
USSR Vostok 3	First instance of two crewed spacecraft in orbit simultaneously.
USSR Pavel Popovich (1)	12 August 1962
USSR Vostok 4	15 August 1962
USSR Vostok 4	First instance of two crewed spacecraft in orbit simultaneously.
USA Wally Schirra (1)	3 October 1962
USA Mercury-Atlas 8 (Sigma 7)	First flawless Mercury mission.
USA Gordon Cooper (1)	15 May 1963
USA Mercury-Atlas 9 (Faith 7)	16 May 1963
USA Mercury-Atlas 9 (Faith 7)	First live TV from U.S. astronaut.
USSR Valery Bykovsky (1)	14 June 1963
USSR Vostok 5	19 June 1963
USSR Vostok 5	Longest solo spaceflight.
USSR Valentina Tereshkova	16 June 1963
USSR Vostok 6	19 June 1963
USSR Vostok 6	First woman in space.
USA Joseph A. Walker	19 July 1963
USA Flight 90, X-15	First winged craft in space. Reached altitude of 106 km.
USA Joseph A. Walker	22 August 1963
USA Flight 91, X-15	Reached altitude of 108 km. Walker becomes first person to fly into space twice. X-15-3 (serial 56-6672) becomes first vehicle to fly into space twice.
USSR Vladimir Komarov (1)
USSR Konstantin Feoktistov
USSR Boris Yegorov	12 October 1964
USSR Voskhod 1	13 October 1964
USSR Voskhod 1	First multiple person spaceflight. Biomedical research.
USSR Alexei Leonov (1)
USSR Pavel Belyayev	18 March 1965
USSR Voskhod 2	19 March 1965
USSR Voskhod 2	First EVA.
USA Gus Grissom (2)
USA John Young (1)	23 March 1965
USA Gemini 3	First to perform orbital maneuvers.
USA James McDivitt (1)
USA Ed White	3 June 1965
USA Gemini 4	7 June 1965
USA Gemini 4	First American EVA.
USA Gordon Cooper (2)
USA Pete Conrad (1)	21 August 1965
USA Gemini 5	29 August 1965
USA Gemini 5	First one week spaceflight. Cooper becomes the first person to orbit the Earth on two different missions.
USA Frank Borman (1)
USA Jim Lovell (1)	4 December 1965
USA Gemini 7	18 December 1965
USA Gemini 7	First two-week spaceflight. First space rendezvous in history with Gemini 6A.
USA Wally Schirra (2)
USA Thomas P. Stafford (1)	15 December 1965
USA Gemini 6A	16 December 1965
USA Gemini 6A	First space rendezvous, with Gemini 7.
USA Neil Armstrong (1)
USA David Scott (1)	16 March 1966
USA Gemini 8	17 March 1966
USA Gemini 8	First docking in space in history with Agena Target Vehicle Planned EVA canceled due to early re-entry necessitated by stuck thruster.
USA Thomas P. Stafford (2)
USA Eugene Cernan (1)	3 June 1966
USA Gemini 9A	6 June 1966
USA Gemini 9A	First backup crew to fly space mission.
USA John Young (2)
USA Michael Collins (1)	18 July 1966
USA Gemini 10	21 July 1966
USA Gemini 10	First rendezvous with two different objects.
USA Pete Conrad (2)
USA Richard F. Gordon Jr. (1)	12 September 1966
USA Gemini 11	15 September 1966
USA Gemini 11	Held altitude record prior to lunar missions (1374 km).
USA Jim Lovell (2)
USA Buzz Aldrin (1)	11 November 1966
USA Gemini 12	15 November 1966
USA Gemini 12	First manual rendezvous. Miscellaneous scientific experiments.
USSR Vladimir Komarov (2)	23 April 1967
USSR Soyuz 1	24 April 1967
USSR Soyuz 1	Crashed on re-entry. First human fatality during a spaceflight.
USA Wally Schirra (3)
USA Donn F. Eisele
USA Walter Cunningham	11 October 1968
USA Apollo 7	22 October 1968
USA Apollo 7	First three person U.S. crew. Launched over 20 months after Apollo 1 fatalities.
USSR Georgy Beregovoy	26 October 1968
USSR Soyuz 3	30 October 1968
USSR Soyuz 3	Failed to dock with uncrewed Soyuz 2.
USA Frank Borman (2)
USA Jim Lovell (3)
USA William Anders	21 December 1968
USA Apollo 8	27 December 1968
USA Apollo 8	First crewed lunar orbit.
USSR Vladimir Shatalov (1)	14 January 1969
USSR Soyuz 4	17 January 1969
USSR Soyuz 4	First crew transfer between space vehicles. First docking of two crewed spacecraft.
USSR Aleksei Yeliseyev (1)
USSR Yevgeny Khrunov	15 January 1969
USSR Soyuz 5	17 January 1969
USSR Soyuz 4	First crew transfer between space vehicles. First docking of two crewed spacecraft.
USSR Boris Volynov (1)	18 January 1969
USSR Soyuz 5
USA James McDivitt (2)
USA David Scott (2)
USA Rusty Schweickart	3 March 1969
USA Apollo 9	13 March 1969
USA Apollo 9	Tested Lunar Module in low Earth orbit.
USA Thomas P. Stafford (3)
USA John Young (3)
USA Eugene Cernan (2)	18 May 1969
USA Apollo 10	26 May 1969
USA Apollo 10	Tested Lunar Module in low lunar orbit.
USA Neil Armstrong (2)
USA Michael Collins (2)
USA Buzz Aldrin (2)	16 July 1969
USA Apollo 11	Moon	24 July 1969
USA Apollo 11	First lunar landing.
USSR Georgy Shonin
USSR Valeri Kubasov (1)	11 October 1969
USSR Soyuz 6	16 October 1969
USSR Soyuz 6	First three-craft spaceflight.
USSR Anatoly Filipchenko (1)
USSR Vladislav Volkov (1)
USSR Viktor Gorbatko (1)	12 October 1969
USSR Soyuz 7	17 October 1969
USSR Soyuz 7	First three-craft spaceflight.
USSR Vladimir Shatalov (2)
USSR Aleksei Yeliseyev (2)	13 October 1969
USSR Soyuz 8	18 October 1969
USSR Soyuz 8	First three-craft spaceflight.
USA Pete Conrad (3)
USA Richard F. Gordon Jr. (2)
USA Alan Bean (1)	14 November 1969
USA Apollo 12	Moon	24 November 1969
USA Apollo 12	Second lunar landing. Precision landing near Surveyor 3.
USA Jim Lovell (4)
USA Jack Swigert
USA Fred Haise	11 April 1970
USA Apollo 13	17 April 1970
USA Apollo 13	Lunar landing aborted following explosion en route.
USSR Andriyan Nikolayev (2)
USSR Vitaliy Sevastyanov (1)	1 June 1970
USSR Soyuz 9	19 June 1970
USSR Soyuz 9	Investigations into effects of prolonged spaceflight. Record duration mission for single spacecraft.

Flights between 50 miles and 100 kilometers

In addition to the above spaceflights, eleven flights of the North American X-15 reached a maximum altitude above 50 miles but below 100 kilometers, thus satisfying the U.S. definition of spaceflight but failing to surpass the Kármán line. Among the twelve X-15 pilots, only Neil Armstrong and Joe Engle would travel to space following their participation in the program. Eleven of the thirteen flights above 50 miles were made in the X-15-3, the program's third plane; only two were made in the X-15-1, its first.

In the below table, "spaceflight" and related phrases refer to the American convention.

#	Crew	Launch
spacecraft	Habitation	Return
spacecraft	Brief mission summary	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
USA Robert M. White	17 July 1962
USA X-15 Flight 62	White's only spaceflight. First spaceflight of X-15 program.
USA Joseph A. Walker	17 January 1963
USA X-15 Flight 77	Walker's first spaceflight.
USA Robert A. Rushworth	27 June 1963
USA X-15 Flight 87	Rushworth's only spaceflight.
USA Joe Engle	29 June 1965
USA X-15 Flight 138	Engle's first spaceflight.
USA Joe Engle	10 August 1965
USA X-15 Flight 143	Engle's second spaceflight.
USA John B. McKay	18 September 1965
USA X-15 Flight 150	McKay's only spaceflight.
USA Joe Engle	14 October 1965
USA X-15 Flight 153	Engle's third and last spaceflight, and final flight with X-15 program. First spaceflight of the X-15-1.
USA William H. Dana	1 November 1966
USA X-15 Flight 174	Dana's first spaceflight.
USA William J. Knight	17 October 1967
USA X-15 Flight 190	Knight's only spaceflight. Last successful flight of the X-15-3.
USA Michael J. Adams	15 November 1967
USA X-15 Flight 191	Adams' only spaceflight. Fatal disaster, killing Adams and destroying the X-15-3.
USA William H. Dana	21 August 1968
USA X-15 Flight 197	Dana's second and last spaceflight. Third-to-last flight of X-15 program. Second and last spaceflight of the X-15-1.

References

(2019). "Spaceflight : the complete story, from Sputnik to Curiosity". Dorling Kindersley Limited.
(1966). "This New Ocean: A History of Project Mercury". National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
(28 April 2022). "Ad Astra: The past, present, and future of spacecraft".
"Vostok/Mercury".
(2009). "The first Soviet cosmonaut team : their lives, legacy, and historical impact". Springer.

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