Hưng Yên

History

Hưng Yên city was originally the expansion of Phố Hiến (Hiến Street), a river port that appeared earliest in the 16th century.

Phố Hiến has a position as a place where Sơn Nam garrison's government was located. However, its area was relatively small. It only consists of a public authority, Xích Đằng Literary Temple and a few markets. During several centuries, this location was an important gateway of the commercial platform in Đông Kinh.

It was not until the French set a protective regime that Phố Hiến was expanded to Hưng Yên town (thị xã Hưng Yên).

Geography

Topography

According to the 2021 statistical yearbook of the whole Hưng Yên province, Hưng Yên city covers an area of 73.89 km2. Currently, it was divided such as :

• 6 wards : An Tảo, Hiến Nam, Hồng Châu, Lam Sơn, Lê Lợi, Minh Khai.
• 12 communes : Bảo Khê, Hoàng Hanh, Hùng Cường, Liên Phương, Phú Cường, Phương Nam, Quảng Châu, Tân Hưng, Trung Nghĩa.

Hưng Yên is a delta municipality. The entire area of Hưng Yên city is almost flat, which tends to be sunken from the Northeast to the Southwest. It is located in the farthest position to the South of Hưng Yên province, where adjacent to the Red River, about 60 km away from Hanoi. Besides, Hưng Yên owns two sediment isles near the territory of Hanoi, where includes communes Phú Cường and Hùng Cường.

Hưng Yên borders Kim Động district to the North and Tiên Lữ district to the East. The Red River is the natural boundary between Hưng Yên and Hà Nam province's Lý Nhân district and Duy Tiên district. National Route 38 and Yên Lệnh bridge connect the city to National Route 1st across the Red River.

Demography

As of 2021 Hưng Yên city had a population of 118,646. In particular, all people are registered as Kẻ Kinh.

Culture

In terms of beliefs and history, the area of Phố Hiến is considered one of the "cradles" of the Catholic Church in Vietnam.

According to the historical document of the Roman Catholic Church and some records of Annamese officials, Bishop Pierre Lambert de la Motte had summoned the first Đàng-ngoày Council (Công-đồng Đàng-ngoày) here in 1670, and that event was considered as the beginning of the Christian history in the whole Hưng Yên province. Therefore, since December 23, 1673, Hưng Yên city has been considered a traditional address to have the regular meetings of Dinh-Hiến Council (Công-đồng Dinh-Hiến), under order Apostolatus Officium by Pope Clement X.

Currently, the territory of Hưng Yên city is part to Đông Hưng Yên Deanery, belonged to Thái Bình Cathedral Diocese.

Tourism

The city is well-known in the world (especially among historians) for Phố Hiến (an ancient port-city located in the area). There are still a lot of ancient Asian church, temples, pagodas and other religious buildings here.

Nhãn lồng (fruit of dragon eye) is one of Hưng Yên's specialties.

Climate

|Jan record high C = 32.0 |Jan record low C = 4.9 |Feb record high C = 33.6 |Feb record low C = 5.3 |Mar record high C = 37.6 |Mar record low C = 6.6 |Apr record high C = 41.2 |Apr record low C = 12.2 |May record high C = 39.4 |May record low C = 16.5 |Jun record high C = 40.5 |Jun record low C = 19.4 |Jul record high C = 40.5 |Jul record low C = 20.6 |Aug record high C = 38.7 |Aug record low C = 21.8 |Sep record high C = 36.6 |Sep record low C = 16.5 |Oct record high C = 36.4 |Oct record low C = 12.5 |Nov record high C = 34.5 |Nov record low C = 8.4 |Dec record high C = 31.8 |Dec record low C = 4.8 |year record high C = 41.2 |year record low C = 4.8

References

1. "From July 1, 87 cities across Vietnam will no longer exist". Vietnamnet.
2. Statistical Office of Hưng Yên Province, ''[http://niengiam.thongkehungyen.gov.vn/mobile/index.html Statistical Year of Hưng Yên Province 2020]'', Item of Population, p. 155, July 17, 2021.
3. [https://vntaiwan.catholic.org.tw/08news/8news380.htm Journey to Phố Hiến, the cradle of the Vietnamese Church] '''(vi)'''
4. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Ex_Hy0sv4T0C&pg=PA222&dq=Rhodes+Missions+Etrangeres+de+Paris&sig=ACfU3U3Cmo-FMdoKxBLF3YQQZh3kbbQ95g ''Viet-Nam'' by Nhung Tuyet Tran, Anthony Reid p.222]
5. [https://books.google.com/books?id=OC3OHQ0SygYC&pg=PA31&dq=Rhodes+Missions+Etrangeres+de+Paris&sig=ACfU3U05mtIRUx34aHurVvpWPAjAtOnZJg ''An Empire Divided'' by James Patrick Daughton, p.31]
6. [https://books.google.com/books?id=SqTQjve2VLsC&pg=PA229&dq=Rhodes+Missions+Etrangeres+de+Paris&sig=ACfU3U0_wB3FrNB-sDXxTCJsyQYlHBkIrg#PPA229,M1 ''Asia in the Making of Europe'', p.229-230]
7. ''Missions étrangères de Paris. 350 ans au service du Christ'' 2008 Editeurs Malesherbes Publications, Paris {{ISBN. 978-2-916828-10-7
8. (2020). "350 Năm Dòng Mến Thánh Giá : Cuộc đời Đức cha Pierre Lambert De La Motte". [[Catholic Bishops' Conference of Vietnam]].
9. "Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology".