China Miéville

Early life and education

Miéville was born in Norwich and brought up in Willesden, and has lived in London since early childhood. Miéville's parents separated soon after his birth, and he has said that he "never really knew" his father. He grew up with his sister Jemima and mother Claudia. His mother was a translator, writer and teacher, and the daughter of Leo Claude Vaux Miéville, whose wife Youla (née Harrison) was granddaughter of Edward Littleton, 4th Baron Hatherton. His parents chose his first name, China, from a dictionary, looking for a beautiful name.

Miéville boarded at Oakham School, a co-educational independent school in Oakham, Rutland, for two years. He subsequently attended University College School. At the age of eighteen, in 1990, he taught English for a year in Egypt, where he developed an interest in Arab culture and in Middle Eastern politics. Miéville studied for a BA degree in social anthropology at Clare College, Cambridge, graduating in 1994, and gained both a master's degree and PhD in international law from the London School of Economics in 2001. Miéville has also held a Frank Knox fellowship at Harvard University. After becoming dissatisfied with the ability of post-modern theories to explain history and political events, he became a Marxist at university. A book version of his PhD thesis, entitled Between Equal Rights: A Marxist Theory of International Law, was published in the UK in 2005 by Brill in their "Historical Materialism" series, and in the United States in 2006 by Haymarket Books.

Literary influences

Miéville's works all describe fantastical or supernatural worlds or scenarios. To this end, he has "constructed an oeuvre" that ranges from classic American Western (in Iron Council) to sea-quest (in The Scar and Railsea) to detective noir (in The City & the City). His work has been described as new weird fiction.

Miéville has listed M. John Harrison, Michael de Larrabeiti, Michael Moorcock, Thomas M. Disch, Charles Williams, Tim Powers, and J. G. Ballard as literary "heroes"; he has also frequently discussed as influences H. P. Lovecraft, Mervyn Peake, Ursula K. Le Guin, and Gene Wolfe. He has said that he would like his novels "to be read for [his imagined city] New Crobuzon as Iain Sinclair does for London". Miéville has admitted that his books contain some allusions to Russian writers, including Andrei Platonov, Arkady and Boris Strugatsky, and .

Miéville played a great deal of Dungeons & Dragons and similar roleplaying games (RPGs) in his youth. He has attributed his tendency to systematisation of magic and theology to this influence.

In 2010, Miéville made his first foray into writing for RPGs with a contribution to the Pathfinder Roleplaying Game supplement Guide to the River Kingdoms.

Miéville once described Tolkien as "the wen on the arse of fantasy literature". Miéville is also indebted to Moorcock, having cited his essay "Epic Pooh" as the source upon which he is "riffing" or even simply "cheerleading" in his critique of Tolkien-imitative fantasy. Despite his criticisms, Miéville has praised Tolkien for his contributions to fantasy, especially in a 2009 blog post where he gave five reasons why Tolkien was praiseworthy.

He has cited Michael de Larrabeiti's Borrible Trilogy as one of his biggest influences, and he wrote an introduction for the trilogy's 2002 reissue (the introduction was eventually left out of the book, but appears on de Larrabeiti's website).

Politics

Miéville has previously been a member of the International Socialist Organization (US) and, until 13 March 2013, was also a member of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP, UK). He stood unsuccessfully for the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in the 2001 general election as a candidate for the Socialist Alliance, gaining 459 votes, equivalent to 1.2%, in Regent's Park and Kensington North, a Labour constituency.

In January 2013, he emerged as a critic of the SWP's leadership and in March resigned over the leadership's handling of rape allegations against a leading SWP member.

In August 2013, Miéville was one of nine signatories (along with veteran film-maker and socialist Ken Loach, academic Gilbert Achcar, General Secretary of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament Kate Hudson, fellow novelist Michael Rosen, and actor Roger Lloyd Pack) of an open letter to The Guardian announcing the foundation of a "new party of the left", to be called Left Unity. The letter, which claimed that Labour policies on austerity and the breaking of ties with trades unions amounted to a "final betrayal of the working-class people it was founded to represent", stated that Left Unity would be launched at a "founding conference" in London on 30 November 2013 and would provide, as an "alternative" to Labour, "a party that is socialist, environmentalist, feminist and opposed to all forms of discrimination".

In 2014, together with Richard Seymour and others, Miéville quit the International Socialist Network, a Left Unity faction, over a dispute concerning the acceptability of sexual "race play" that was prompted by discussion of a controversial art piece owned by Dasha Zhukova.

In 2015, he was announced as one of the founding editors of a "bi-annual journal of revolutionary arts and letters", Salvage. He has been the director of Salvage Publications since 2014.

October, published in 2017, documents the dramatic events of the Russian revolution. Jonathan Steele reviewed it for The Guardian. Steele considers it an ideological though nuanced retelling: "Known as a left-wing activist, [...] Miéville writes with the brio and excitement of an enthusiast who would have wanted the revolution to succeed. But he is primarily interested in the dramatic narrative – the weird facts – of the most turbulent year in Russia's history".

In a letter to Joybrato Mukherjee on 22 April 2024, Miéville rejected his nomination for a DAAD fellowship, citing Mukherjee's role in the cancelling of Jewish-American political theorist Nancy Fraser's Albertus Magnus Professorship at the University of Cologne because Fraser signed a pro-Palestine letter during the Gaza war, and his lack of "faith that the institution will stand against such a shameful program of repression and anti-Palestinian racism."

Personal life

In the early 2000s, Miéville lived in London with his partner Emma Bircham. They were both cast as extras in the 1999 film Notting Hill, which he jokingly described as a dystopian alternate history of an ethnically cleansed city.

In 2013, Miéville denied allegations of emotional abuse made by an ex-girlfriend. He acknowledged having had a brief affair with the woman, but stated that her account of it was untrue. According to Miéville, he was in a non-monogamous relationship at the time, about which she was aware.

Since 2018, he has taken steps to defend his privacy, following what he described as a campaign of harassment and online defamation.

Miéville is married to artist Season Butler.

Writings

A comprehensive list of Miéville's work is available at the ISFDB.

Fiction

Bas-Lag series

• Perdido Street Station (2000)
• The Scar (2002)
• Iron Council (2004)

Stand-alone novels

• King Rat (1998)
• Un Lun Dun (2007)
• The City & the City (2009)
• Kraken (2010)
• Embassytown (2011)
• Railsea (2012)
• The Book of Elsewhere (2024), with Keanu Reeves
• The Rouse (2026)

Novellas

• The Tain (2002)
• This Census-Taker (2016)
• The Last Days of New Paris (2016)

Short story collections

• Looking for Jake (2005)
• Three Moments of an Explosion: Stories (2015)

Children's picture books

• The Worst Breakfast (2016), co-written and illustrated by Zak Smith

Comic books

• Hellblazer (1988 series) – #250 "Holiday Special": "Snow Had Fallen" (Feb. 2009)
• Justice League (2011 series) – #23.3 "Dial E #1: Dial Q for Qued" (Nov. 2013)
• Dial H (2012–2013 series) – #1-#15

Other

• Pathfinder Chronicles: Guide to the River Kingdoms (2010), with Elaine Cunningham, Chris Pramas, and Steve Kenson. Paizo Publishing.

In an anthology

• "Watching God" (first publ. in Three Moments of an Explosion, 2015), in Out of the Ruins, edited by Preston Grassmann, Titan Books, 2021

Nonfiction

Books

• Between Equal Rights: A Marxist Theory of International Law (2005). Leiden: Brill.
• Red Planets: Marxism and Science Fiction (2009), with Mark Bould. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press.
• October: The Story of the Russian Revolution (2017). Verso.
• A Spectre, Haunting: On the Communist Manifesto (2022). Head of Zeus.

Essays

• "London's Overthrow" (2011). Reprinted in a shorter version as "Oh, London, You Drama Queen", The New York Times Magazine 2012-03-01: 42.
• "Preface to a Book not yet Written nor Disavowed" (2015). China Miéville: Critical Essays, eds. Caroline Edwards and Tony Venezia.

Adaptations

• In 2006 Miéville's short story "Details" (collected in Looking for Jake) was adapted as a screenplay by Dan Kay, and subsequently picked up by the studio Paramount Vantage.
• In February 2013, a stage adaptation of The City and the City, written by Christopher M. Walsh and directed by Dorothy Milne, made its world premiere at Lifeline Theatre in Chicago, Illinois. Miéville attended 16 March 2013 production of the adaptation.
• A television adaptation of the novel The City & the City was broadcast on BBC 2 in 2018.
• American artist Mariam Ghani's The City & The City (2015), is a loose adaptation of the novel The City & the City as a video artwork which "maps the conceptual framework of that novel onto the cityscape of St. Louis, melding some of the fictions of the novel's world with elements drawn from past and present histories of the city."
• The short story "Estate" (collected in Three Moments of an Explosion: Stories) was adapted into a 25-minute movie, released on August 14, 2020, that was described by a review in SciFiNow as "a 25 minute blast of striking imagery, earnest performances and intriguing themes."

Honours

Miéville has won numerous accolades in speculative fiction; he holds the record for the most Arthur C Clarke Award wins (three).

• Miéville's first novel, King Rat (1998), was nominated for both an International Horror Guild and a Bram Stoker award.
• The Scar received a Philip K. Dick Award special citation.
• "Reports of Certain Events in London" (featured in the anthology McSweeney's Enchanted Chamber of Astonishing Stories) was nominated for a 2005 World Fantasy Award and tied for the 2005 Locus Award for Best Novelette.
• The City & the City won the 2009 Kitschies Award.
• Miéville has been a Guest of Honour at multiple science fiction conventions, including Orbital 2008 the British National Science Fiction convention (Eastercon) in London and Readercon 2006.
• He was a 2018 Guggenheim Fellow in Fiction.

References

References

1. Gordon, Joan. (November 2003). "Reveling in Genre: An Interview with China Miéville". DePauw University.
2. Chaffee, Keith. (1 September 2019). "A Week to Remember: Happy Birthday, China Miéville!". Los Angeles Public Library.
3. Jordan, Justine. (14 May 2011). "A life in writing: China Miéville". The Guardian.
4. "2012 All-Centuries Polls Results". Locus.
5. "Current RSL Fellows". Royal Society of Literature.
6. (12 August 2013). "Letters: 'Left Unity ready to offer an alternative'". [[The Guardian]].
7. Gordon, Joan. (November 2003). "Reveling in Genre: An Interview with China Miéville". DePauw University.
8. Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage, ed. Patrick Montague-Smith, Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 1995, p. 1264
9. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, 107th edition, vol. 2, Burke's Peerage Ltd, 2003, p. 1823
10. By virtue of his mother's nationality, Miéville holds US citizenship in addition to British citizenship. In 1982 his mother married Paul Lightfoot, a maternal descendant of [[Baron Vaux of Harrowden#Barons Vaux of Harrowden (1523)
11. Between Equal Rights: A Marxist Theory of International Law, China Miéville, Haymarket Books, 2006, p. v
12. Hanks, Robert. (15 June 2009). "The City and the City by China Miéville: review". [[The Daily Telegraph.
13. "A Truly Monstrous Thing to Do: Mieville Interview".
14. Shurin, Jared. (4 August 2015). "A Category Unto Himself: The Works of = China Miéville". [[Tor Books]].
15. Maltsev, Mikhail. (25 October 2017). "Nadeyus' Nikto Ne Sochtet Oktyabr' Nekrtichnoy Agiografiey".
16. "RPG Player's Handbook".
17. "Pathfinder Chronicles: Guide to the River Kingdoms (PFRPG) Print Edition". Paizo Publishing.
18. (November 2017). "Scar by China Mieville".
19. "With One Bound We Are Free by China Mieville".
20. "Weird Fiction Author China Miéville on J.R.R. Tolkien".
21. "'The Borribles': An Introduction by China Miéville".
22. [https://internationalsocialismuk.blogspot.co.uk/2013/03/fao-central-committee-of-socialist.html "Resigning from the Socialist Workers Party"], International Socialism, 11 March 2013
23. "BBC NEWS – VOTE 2001 – RESULTS & CONSTITUENCIES – Regent's Park & Kensington North". BBC News.
24. [https://news.ansible.co.uk/a168.html ''Ansible'' 168], July 2001.
25. Laurie Penny, [http://www.newstatesman.com/laurie-penny/2013/01/what-does-swps-way-dealing-sex-assault-allegations-tell-us-about-left "What does the SWP's way of dealing with sex assault allegations tell us about the left?"], ''New Statesman'', 11 January 2013
26. Paul Kellogg [https://links.org.au/node/3183 "Britain: Reflections on the crisis in the Socialist Workers Party"], ''LINKS – International Journal of Socialist Renewal'' (blog), 13 January 2013.
27. (17 May 2014). "No sex please comrades, we're British".
28. Platt, Edward. (20 May 2014). "Comrades at war: the decline and fall of the Socialist Workers Party".
29. Walker, Shaun. (21 Jan 2014). "Russian socialite sparks outrage with 'racist chair' photograph".
30. [http://salvage.zone/contributors/ Contributors] {{Webarchive. link. (13 March 2018 , ''Salvage''.)
31. (2014-12-09). "China MIEVILLE personal appointments - GOV.UK".
32. (17 May 2017). "October by China Miéville review – a brilliant retelling of the Russian Revolution". [[The Guardian]].
33. (23 April 2024). "Letter to the DAAD".
34. Grant, Gavin J.. "China Mieville Interview".
35. "Notting Hill".
36. (3 August 2011). "Out of this World: China Miéville: what if?".
37. Fox, Rose. (February 11, 2013). "Unpleasant Allegations, and a Response". Publishers Weekly.
38. Miéville, China. (17 May 2018). "A Note of Warning".
39. Zeavin, Hannah. "China Miéville Writes a Secret Novel With the Internet's Boyfriend (It's Keanu Reeves)".
40. Creamer, Ella. (2024-01-10). "Keanu Reeves and China Miéville to release collaborative novel The Book of Elsewhere". The Guardian.
41. Miéville, China. (November–December 2011). "London's Overthrow".
42. [http://www.indiewire.com/buzz/061001.html#005349 "Paramount Vantage Gets 'Details'"], IndieWire {{webarchive. link. (28 April 2008)
43. (6 March 2013). "The City & the City at Lifeline Theatre {{!}} Theater review".
44. Shunn, William. (4 April 2013). "The City & the City: A Custom More Honored in Breach".
45. BWW News Desk. "Lifeline Theatre Continues its 30th Season With THE CITY & THE CITY".
46. (2015-05-04). "The City & The City". MARIAM GHANI.
47. "Estate - based on the story by China Miéville".
48. (2020-09-11). "Estate review: Urban folklore".
49. "Locus Online, 20th Century Fantasy Novel". Locus Science Fiction Foundation.
50. "Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: 2001 Award Winners & Nominees". Worlds Without End.
51. "Awards won by ''Perdido Street Station''". Worlds Without End.
52. "Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: 2003 Award Winners & Nominees". Worlds Without End.
53. "Awards won by ''Scar''". Worlds Without End.
54. "Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: 2005 Award Winners & Nominees". Worlds Without End.
55. "China Miéville Awards". Locus Science Fiction Foundation.
56. Flood, Alison. (6 September 2010). "China Miéville and Paolo Bacigalupi tie for Hugo award". [[The Guardian]].
57. (5 September 2010). "2010 Hugo Awards Winners". [[Locus (magazine).
58. (31 October 2010). "World Fantasy Awards Winners". [[Locus (magazine).
59. "Current Fellow". [[John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation]].
60. Le Guin, Ursula K. (7 May 2011). "Embassytown by China Miéville – review". [[The Guardian]].
61. Moorcock, Michael. (12 March 2017). "What is the "New Weird" – and what makes weird fiction so relevant to our times?". [[New Statesman]].
62. "Arthur C Clarke Award Tallies". Locus Science Fiction Foundation.